HP(4) BSD/vax Kernel Interfaces Manual HP(4)NAME
hp — MASSBUS disk interface
SYNOPSIS
disk hp0 at mba0 drive 0
DESCRIPTION
The hp driver is a generic Massbus disk driver which handles both the
standard DEC controllers and the Emulex SC750 and SC780 controllers. It
is typical of a block-device disk driver; block I/O is described in
physio(4).
The script MAKEDEV(8) should be used to create the special files; if a
special file needs to be created by hand consult mknod(8). It is recom‐
mended as a security precaution to not create special files for devices
which may never be installed.
The first sector of each disk contains both a first-stage bootstrap pro‐
gram and a disk label containing geometry information and partition lay‐
outs (see disklabel(5). This sector is normally write-protected, and
disk-to-disk copies should avoid copying this sector. The label may be
updated with disklabel(8), which can also be used to write-enable and
write-disable the sector. The next 15 sectors contain a second-stage
bootstrap program.
DISK SUPPORT
This driver handles both standard DEC controllers and Emulex SC750 and
SC780 controllers. During autoconfiguration or whenever a drive comes on
line for the first time, or when a drive is opened after all partitions
are closed, the first sector of the drive is examined for a disk label.
If a label is found, the geometry of the drive and the partition tables
are taken from it. If no label is found, standard DEC drive types are
recognized according to the MASSBUS drive type register, and default par‐
titions are used. For the Emulex controller the drive type register
should be configured to indicate the drive is an RM02. When this is
encountered, the driver checks the holding register to find out the disk
geometry and, based on this information, decides what the drive type is.
Special file names begin with ‘hp’ and ‘rhp’ for the block and character
files respectively. The second component of the name, a drive unit number
in the range of zero to seven, is represented by a ‘’? in the disk lay‐
outs below. The last component is the file system partition designated
by a letter from ‘a’ to ‘h’ and also corresponds to a minor device number
set: zero to seven, eight to 15, 16 to 23 and so forth for drive zero,
drive two and drive three respectively. The following disks are sup‐
ported: RM03, RM05, RP06, RM80, RP05, RP07, ML11A, ML11B, CDC 9775, CDC
9730, AMPEX Capricorn (32 sectors/track), FUJITSU Eagle (48 sec‐
tors/track), FUJITSU 2361, and AMPEX 9300. The default layout and size
(in sectors) of the partitions for these drives:
RM03 partitions
disk start length cyls
hp?a 0 15884 0-99
hp?b 16000 33440 100-309
hp?c 0 131680 0-822
hp?d 49600 15884 309-408
hp?e 65440 55936 409-758
hp?f 121440 10080 759-822
hp?g 49600 82080 309-822
RM05 partitions
disk start length cyls
hp?a 0 15884 0-26
hp?b 16416 33440 27-81
hp?c 0 500384 0-822
hp?d 341696 15884 562-588
hp?e 358112 55936 589-680
hp?f 414048 86176 681-822
hp?g 341696 158528 562-822
hp?h 49856 291346 82-561
RP06 partitions
disk start length cyls
hp?a 0 15884 0-37
hp?b 15884 33440 38-117
hp?c 0 340670 0-814
hp?d 49324 15884 118-155
hp?e 65208 55936 156-289
hp?f 121220 219296 290-814
hp?g 49324 291192 118-814
RM80 partitions
disk start length cyls
hp?a 0 15884 0-36
hp?b 16058 33440 37-114
hp?c 0 242606 0-558
hp?d 49910 15884 115-151
hp?e 68096 55936 152-280
hp?f 125888 120466 281-558
hp?g 49910 192510 115-558
RP05 partitions
disk start length cyls
hp?a 0 15884 0-37
hp?b 15884 33440 38-117
hp?c 0 171798 0-410
hp?d 2242 15884 118-155
hp?e 65208 55936 156-289
hp?f 121220 50424 290-410
hp?g 2242 122320 118-410
RP07 partitions
disk start length cyls
hp?a 0 15884 0-9
hp?b 16000 66880 10-51
hp?c 0 1008000 0-629
hp?d 376000 15884 235-244
hp?e 392000 307200 245-436
hp?f 699200 308600 437-629
hp?g 376000 631800 235-629
hp?h 83200 291346 52-234
CDC 9775 partitions
disk start length cyls
hp?a 0 15884 0-12
hp?b 16640 66880 13-65
hp?c 0 1077760 0-841
hp?d 376320 15884 294-306
hp?e 392960 307200 307-546
hp?f 700160 377440 547-841
hp?g 376320 701280 294-841
hp?h 84480 291346 66-293
CDC 9730 partitions
disk start length cyls
hp?a 0 15884 0-49
hp?b 16000 33440 50-154
hp?c 0 263360 0-822
hp?d 49600 15884 155-204
hp?e 65600 55936 205-379
hp?f 121600 141600 380-822
hp?g 49600 213600 155-822
AMPEX Capricorn partitions
disk start length cyls
hp?a 0 15884 0-31
hp?b 16384 33440 32-97
hp?c 0 524288 0-1023
hp?d 342016 15884 668-699
hp?e 358400 55936 700-809
hp?f 414720 109408 810-1023
hp?g 342016 182112 668-1023
hp?h 50176 291346 98-667
FUJITSU Eagle partitions
disk start length cyls
hp?a 0 15884 0-16
hp?b 16320 66880 17-86
hp?c 0 808320 0-841
hp?d 375360 15884 391-407
hp?e 391680 55936 408-727
hp?f 698880 109248 728-841
hp?g 375360 432768 391-841
hp?h 83520 291346 87-390
FUJITSU 2361 partitions
disk start length cyls
hp?a 0 15884 0-12
hp?b 16640 66880 13-65
hp?c 0 1077760 0-841
hp?d 376320 15884 294-306
hp?e 392960 307200 307-546
hp?f 700160 377408 547-841
hp?g 363520 701248 294-841
hp?h 84480 291346 66-293
AMPEX 9300 partitions
disk start length cyl
hp?a 0 15884 0-26
hp?b 16416 33440 27-81
hp?c 0 495520 0-814
hp?d 341696 15884 562-588
hp?e 358112 55936 589-680
hp?f 414048 81312 681-814
hp?g 341696 153664 562-814
hp?h 49856 291346 82-561
The hp?a partition is normally used for the root file system, the hp?b
partition as a paging area, and the hp?c partition for pack-pack copying
(it maps the entire disk). On disks larger than about 205 Megabytes, the
hp?h partition is inserted prior to the hp?d or hp?g partition; the hp?g
partition then maps the remainder of the pack. All disk partition tables
are calculated using the diskpart(8) program.
FILES
/dev/hp[0-7][a-h] block files
/dev/rhp[0-7][a-h] raw files
DIAGNOSTICS
hp%d%c: hard error %sing fsbn %d [of %d-%d] (hp%d bn %d cn %d tn %d sn
%d) mbsr=%b er1=%b er2=%b. An unrecoverable error occurred during trans‐
fer of the specified filesystem block number, which is a logical block
number on the indicated partition. If the transfer involved multiple
blocks, the block range is printed as well. The parenthesized fields
list the actual disk sector number relative to the beginning of the
drive, as well as the cylinder, track and sector number of the block.
The MASSBUS status register is printed in hexadecimal and with the error
bits decoded if any error bits other than MBEXC and DTABT are set. In
any case the contents of the two error registers are also printed in
octal and symbolically with bits decoded. (Note that er2 is what old
RP06 manuals would call RPER3; the terminology is that of the RM disks).
The error was either unrecoverable, or a large number of retry attempts
(including offset positioning and drive recalibration) could not recover
the error.
hp%d: write locked. The write protect switch was set on the drive when a
write was attempted. The write operation is not recoverable.
hp%d: not ready . The drive was spun down or off line when it was
accessed. The I/O operation is not recoverable.
hp%d%c: soft ecc reading fsbn %d [of %d-%d] (hp%d bn %d cn %d tn %d sn
%d). A recoverable ECC error occurred on the specified sector of the
specified disk partition. If the transfer involved multiple blocks, the
block range is printed as well. The parenthesized fields list the actual
disk sector number relative to the beginning of the drive, as well as the
cylinder, track and sector number of the block. This happens normally a
few times a week. If it happens more frequently than this the sectors
where the errors are occurring should be checked to see if certain cylin‐
ders on the pack, spots on the carriage of the drive or heads are indi‐
cated.
hp%d: 9775 (direct).
hp%d: 9730 (direct).
hp%d: 9300.
hp%d: 9762.
hp%d: capricorn.
hp%d: eagle.
hp%d: 2361.
hp%d: ntracks %d, nsectors %d: unknown device. During autoconfiguration
one of the above messages may appear on the console indicating the appro‐
priate drive type was recognized. The last message indicates the drive
is of a unknown type. In this case, the correct geometry is set, and one
partition is created that contains the entire drive.
SEE ALSOphysio(4), up(4), disklabel(5), MAKEDEV(8)disklabel(8)mknod(8)HISTORY
The hp driver appeared in 4.0BSD.
BUGS
DEC-standard error logging should be supported.
A program to analyze the logged error information (even in its present
reduced form) is needed.
4th Berkeley Distribution June 5, 1993 4th Berkeley Distribution
