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AMD.CONF(5)		    BSD File Formats Manual		   AMD.CONF(5)

NAME
     amd.confamd(8) configuration file

SYNOPSIS
     amd.conf

DESCRIPTION
     The amd.conf file is the configuration file for amd(8), as part of the
     am-utils suite.

     The amd.conf file contains runtime configuration information for the
     amd(8) automounter program.

FILE FORMAT
     The file consists of sections and parameters.  A section begins with the
     name of the section in square brackets and continues until the next sec‐
     tion begins or the end of the file is reached.  Sections contain parame‐
     ters of the form “name = value”.

     The file is line-based — that is, each newline-terminated line represents
     either a comment, a section name or a parameter.  No line-continuation
     syntax is available.

     Section, parameter names and their values are case sensitive.

     Only the first equals sign in a parameter is significant.	Whitespace
     before or after the first equals sign is discarded.  Leading, trailing
     and internal whitespace in section and parameter names is irrelevant.
     Leading and trailing whitespace in a parameter value is discarded.
     Internal whitespace within a parameter value is not allowed, unless the
     whole parameter value is quoted with double quotes as in “name =
     "some value"”.

     Any line beginning with a pound sign (#) is ignored, as are lines con‐
     taining only whitespace.

     The values following the equals sign in parameters are all either a
     string (no quotes needed if string does not include spaces) or a boolean,
     which may be given as “yes/no”.  Case is significant in all values.  Some
     items such as cache timeouts are numeric.

SECTIONS
   The [global] section
     Parameters in this section either apply to amd as a whole, or to all
     other regular map sections which follow.  There should be only one global
     section defined in one configuration file.

     It is highly recommended that this section be specified first in the con‐
     figuration file.  If it is not, then regular map sections which precede
     it will not use global values defined later.

   Regular [/map] sections
     Parameters in regular (non-global) sections apply to a single map entry.
     For example, if the map section [/homes] is defined, then all parameters
     following it will be applied to the /homes amd-managed mount point.

PARAMETERS
   Parameters common to all sections
     These parameters can be specified either in the global or a map specific
     section.  Entries specified in a map-specific section override the
     default value or one defined in the global section.  If such a common
     parameter is specified only in the global section, it is applicable to
     all regular map sections that follow.

     browsable_dirs (string, default=no)
	   If “yes”, then amd's top-level mount points will be browsable to
	   readdir(3) calls.  This means you could run for example ls(1) and
	   see what keys are available to mount in that directory.  Not all
	   entries are made visible to readdir(3): the “/default” entry, wild‐
	   card entries, and those with a ‘/’ in them are not included.	 If
	   you specify “full” to this option, all but “/default” will be visi‐
	   ble.	 Note that if you run a command which will attempt to stat(2)
	   the entries, such as often done by “ls -l” or “ls -F”, amd(8) will
	   attempt to mount every entry in that map.  This is often called a
	   “mount storm”.

     map_defaults (string, default no empty)
	   This option sets a string to be used as the map's /defaults entry,
	   overriding any /defaults specified in the map.  This allows local
	   users to override map defaults without modifying maps globally.

     map_options (string, default no options)
	   This option is the same as specifying map options on the command
	   line to amd(8), such as “cache:=all”.

     map_type (string, default search all map types)
	   If specified, amd(8) will initialize the map only for the type
	   given.  This is useful to avoid the default map search type used by
	   amd(8) which takes longer and can have undesired side-effects such
	   as initializing NIS even if not used.  Possible values are:

	   exec	    executable maps
	   file	    plain files
	   hesiod   Hesiod name service from MIT
	   ldap	    Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
	   ndbm	    (New) dbm style hash files
	   nis	    Network Information Services (version 2)
	   nisplus  Network Information Services Plus (version 3)
	   passwd   local password files
	   union    union maps

     mount_type (string, default=nfs)
	   All amd(8) mount types default to NFS.  That is, amd(8) is an NFS
	   server on the map mount points, for the local host it is running
	   on.	If “autofs” is specified, amd(8) will be an autofs server for
	   those mount points.

     autofs_use_lofs (string, default=yes)
	   When set to “yes” and using Autofs, amd(8) will use lofs-type
	   (loopback) mounts for type:=link mounts.  This has the advantage of
	   mounting in place, and users get to the see the same pathname that
	   they chdir'ed into.	If this option is set to “no”, then amd(8)
	   will use symlinks instead: that code is more tested, but negates
	   autofs's big advantage of in-place mounts.

     search_path (string, default no search path)
	   This provides a (colon-delimited) search path for file maps.	 Using
	   a search path, sites can allow for local map customizations and
	   overrides, and can query distributed maps in several locations as
	   needed.

     selectors_in_defaults (boolean, default=no)
	   If “yes”, then the /defaults entry of maps will search for and
	   process any selectors before setting defaults for all other keys in
	   that map.  Useful when you want to set different options for a com‐
	   plete map based on some parameters.	For example, you may want to
	   better the NFS performance over slow slip-based networks as fol‐
	   lows:

	   /defaults \
		   wire==slip-net;opts:=intr,rsize=1024,wsize=1024 \
		   wire!=slip-net;opts:=intr,rsize=8192,wsize=8192
	   Deprecated form: selectors_on_default

   Parameters applicable to the global section only
     arch (string, default to compiled in value)
	   Same as the -A option to amd(8).  Allows you to override the value
	   of the arch amd(8) variable.

     auto_attrcache (numeric, default=0)
	   Specify in seconds (or units of 0.1 seconds, depending on the OS),
	   what is the (kernel-side) NFS attribute cache timeout for amd's own
	   automount points.  A value of 0 is supposed to turn off attribute
	   caching, meaning that amd(8) will be consulted via a kernel-RPC
	   each time someone stat()'s the mount point (which could be abused
	   as a denial-of-service attack).  Warning: some OSs are incapable of
	   turning off the NFS attribute cache reliably.  On such systems, amd
	   may not work reliably under heavy load.  See the README.attrcache
	   document in the Am-utils distribution for more details.

     auto_dir (string, default=/a)
	   Same as the -a option to amd(8).  This sets the private directory
	   where amd will create sub-directories for its real mount points.

     cache_duration (numeric, default=300)
	   Same as the -c option to amd(8).  Sets the duration in seconds that
	   looked-up or mounted map entries remain in the cache.

     cluster (string, default no cluster)
	   Same as the -C option to amd(8).  Specifies the alternate HP-UX
	   cluster to use.

     debug_mtab_file (string, default=/tmp/mnttab)
	   Path to mtab file that is used by amd(8) to store a list of mounted
	   file systems during debug-mtab mode.	 This option only applies to
	   systems that store mtab information on disk.

     debug_options (string, default no debug options)
	   Same as the -D option to amd(8).  Specify any debugging options for
	   amd(8).  Works only if am-utils was configured for debugging using
	   the --enable-debug option.  The mem option alone can be turned on
	   via --enable-debug=mem.  Otherwise debugging options are ignored.
	   Options are comma delimited, and can be preceded by the string “no”
	   to negate their meaning.  You can get the list of supported debug‐
	   ging options by running amd -v.  Possible values are:

	   all	     all options
	   amq	     register for amq(8)
	   daemon    enter daemon mode
	   fork	     fork server
	   full	     program trace
	   info	     info service specific debugging (hesiod, nis, etc.)
	   mem	     trace memory allocations
	   mtab	     use local ./mtab file
	   str	     debug string munging
	   test	     full debug but no daemon
	   trace     trace protocol and NFS mount arguments
	   xdrtrace  trace XDR routines

     dismount_interval (numeric, default=120)
	   Same as the -w option to amd(8).  Specify, in seconds, the time
	   between attempts to dismount file systems that have exceeded their
	   cached times.

     domain_strip (boolean, default=yes)
	   If “yes”, then the domain name part referred to by ${rhost} is
	   stripped off.  This is useful to keep logs and smaller.  If “no”,
	   then the domain name part is left changed.  This is useful when
	   using multiple domains with the same maps (as you may have hosts
	   whose domain-stripped name is identical).

     exec_map_timeout (numeric, default=10)
	   The timeout in seconds that amd(8) will wait for an executable map
	   program before an answer is returned from that program (or script).
	   This value should be set to as small as possible while still allow‐
	   ing normal replies to be returned before the timer expires, because
	   during the time that the executable map program is queried, amd(8)
	   is essentially waiting and is thus not responding to any other
	   queries.

     forced_unmounts (boolean, default=no)
	   If set to “yes”, and the client OS supports forced or lazy
	   unmounts, then amd(8) will attempt to use them if it gets any of
	   three serious error conditions when trying to unmount an existing
	   mount point or mount on top of one: EIO, ESTALE, or EBUSY.

	   This could be useful to recover from serious conditions such as
	   hardware failure of mounted disks, or NFS servers which are down
	   permanently, were migrated, or changed their IP address.  Only
	   “type:=toplvl” mounts hung with EBUSY are forcibly unmounted using
	   this option, which is useful to recover from a hung amd(8)).

     full_os (string, default to compiled in value)
	   The full name of the operating system, along with its version.
	   Allows you to override the compiled-in full name and version of the
	   operating system.  Useful when the compiled-in name is not desired.
	   For example, the full operating system name on Linux comes up as
	   “linux”, but you can override it to “linux-2.2.5”.

     fully_qualified_hosts (string, default=no)
	   If “yes”, amd(8) will perform RPC authentication using fully-quali‐
	   fied host names.  This is necessary for some systems, and espe‐
	   cially when performing cross-domain mounting.  For this function to
	   work, the amd(8) variable ${hostd} is used, requiring that
	   ${domain} not be null.

     hesiod_base (string, default=automount)
	   Specify the base name for hesiod maps.

     karch (string, default to karch of the system)
	   Same as the -k option to amd(8).  Allows you to override the ker‐
	   nel-architecture of your system.  Useful for example on Sun (Sparc)
	   machines, where you can build one amd binary and run it on multiple
	   machines, yet you want each one to get the correct karch variable
	   set (for example, sun4c, sun4m, sun4u, etc.)	 Note that if not
	   specified, amd(8) will use uname(3) to figure out the kernel archi‐
	   tecture of the machine.

     ldap_base (string, default not set)
	   Specify the base name for LDAP.  This often includes LDAP-specific
	   values such as country and organization.

     ldap_cache_maxmem (numeric, default=131072)
	   Specify the maximum memory amd(8) should use to cache LDAP entries.

     ldap_cache_seconds (numeric, default=0)
	   Specify the number of seconds to keep entries in the cache.

     ldap_hostports (string, default not set)
	   Specify the LDAP host and port values.

     ldap_proto_version (numeric, default=2)
	   Specify the version of the LDAP protocol to use.

     local_domain (string, default no sub-domain)
	   Same as the -d option to amd(8).  Specify the local domain name.
	   If this option is not given the domain name is determined from the
	   hostname by removing the first component of the fully-qualified
	   host name.

     localhost_address (string, default to localhost or 127.0.0.1)
	   Specify the name or IP address for amd(8) to use when connecting
	   the sockets for the local NFS server and the RPC server.  This
	   defaults to 127.0.0.1 or whatever the host reports as its local
	   address.  This parameter is useful on hosts with multiple addresses
	   where you want to force amd(8) to connect to a specific address.

     log_file (string, default=/dev/stderr)
	   Same as the -l option to amd(8).  Specify a file name to log amd(8)
	   events to.  If the string /dev/stderr is specified, amd(8) will
	   send its events to the standard error file descriptor.  If the
	   string syslog is given, amd(8) will record its events with the sys‐
	   tem logger syslogd(8).  The default syslog facility used is
	   LOG_DAEMON.	If you wish to change it, append its name to the log
	   file name, delimited by a single colon.  For example, if logfile is
	   the string “syslog:local7” then amd(8) will log messages via
	   syslog(3) using the LOG_LOCAL7 facility (if it exists on the sys‐
	   tem).

     log_options (string, default no logging options)
	   Same as the -x option to amd(8).  Specify any logging options for
	   amd(8).  Options are comma delimited, and can be preceded by the
	   string “no” to negate their meaning.	 The “debug” logging option is
	   only available if am-utils was configured with --enable-debug.  You
	   can get the list of supported debugging and logging options by run‐
	   ning amd -H.	 Possible values are:

	   all	    all messages
	   debug    debug messages
	   error    non-fatal system errors
	   fatal    fatal errors
	   info	    information
	   map	    map errors
	   stats    additional statistical information
	   user	    non-fatal user errors
	   warn	    warnings
	   warning  warnings

     map_reload_interval (numeric, default=3600)
	   The number of seconds that amd(8) will wait before it checks to see
	   if any maps have changed at their source (NIS servers, LDAP
	   servers, files, etc.).  amd(8) will reload only those maps that
	   have changed.

     nfs_allow_any_interface (string, default=no)
	   Normally amd(8) accepts local NFS packets only from 127.0.0.1.  If
	   this parameter is set to “yes” then amd(8) will accept local NFS
	   packets from any local interface; this is useful on hosts that may
	   have multiple interfaces where the system is forced to send all
	   outgoing packets (even those bound to the same host) via an address
	   other than 127.0.0.1.

     nfs_allow_insecure_port (string, default=no)
	   Normally amd(8) will refuse requests coming from unprivileged ports
	   (i.e. ports >= 1024 on Unix systems), so that only privileged users
	   and the kernel can send NFS requests to it.	However, some kernels
	   (certain versions of Darwin, MacOS X, and Linux) have bugs that
	   cause them to use unprivileged ports in certain situations, which
	   causes amd(8) to stop dead in its tracks.  This parameter allows
	   amd(8) to operate normally even on such systems, at the expense of
	   a slight decrease in the security of its operations.	 If you see
	   messages like “ignoring request from foo:1234, port not reserved”
	   in your amd(8) log, try enabling this parameter and give it another
	   go.

     nfs_proto (string, default to trying version tcp then udp)
	   By default, amd(8) tries TCP and then UDP.  This option forces the
	   overall NFS protocol used to TCP or UDP.  It overrides what is in
	   the amd(8) maps, and is useful when amd is compiled with NFSv3 sup‐
	   port that may not be stable.	 With this option you can turn off the
	   complete usage of NFSv3 dynamically (without having to recompile
	   amd) until such time as NFSv3 support is desired again.

     nfs_retransmit_counter (numeric, default=11)
	   Same as the retransmit counter part of the -t timeout.retransmit
	   option to amd(8).  Specifies the number of NFS retransmissions that
	   the kernel will use to communicate with amd(8).

     nfs_retransmit_counter_udp (numeric, default=11)
	   Same as the nfs_retransmit_counter option, but for all UDP mounts
	   only.

     nfs_retransmit_counter_tcp (numeric, default=11)
	   Same as the nfs_retransmit_counter option, but for all TCP mounts
	   only.

     nfs_retransmit_counter_toplvl (numeric, default=11)
	   Same as the nfs_retransmit_counter option, but only for amd's top-
	   level UDP mounts.

     nfs_retry_interval (numeric, default=8)
	   Same as the timeout interval part of the -t timeout.retransmit
	   option to amd(8).  Specifies the NFS timeout interval, in tenths of
	   seconds, between NFS/RPC retries (for UDP and TCP).	This is the
	   value that the kernel will use to communicate with amd(8).

	   amd(8) relies on the kernel RPC retransmit mechanism to trigger
	   mount retries.  The values of the nfs_retransmit_counter and the
	   nfs_retry_interval parameters change the overall retry interval.
	   Too long an interval gives poor interactive response; too short an
	   interval causes excessive retries.

     nfs_retry_interval_udp (numeric, default=8)
	   Same as the nfs_retry_interval option, but for all UDP mounts only.

     nfs_retry_interval_tcp (numeric, default=8)
	   Same as the

     nfs_retry_interval
	   option, but for all TCP mounts only.

     nfs_retry_interval_toplvl (numeric, default=8)
	   Same as the

     nfs_retry_interval
	   option, but only for amd's top-level UDP mounts.

     nfs_vers (numeric, default to trying version 3 then 2)
	   By default, amd(8) tries version 3 and then version 2.  This option
	   forces the overall NFS protocol used to version 3 or 2.  It over‐
	   rides what is in the amd(8) maps, and is useful when amd is com‐
	   piled with NFSv3 support that may not be stable.  With this option
	   you can turn off the complete usage of NFSv3 dynamically (without
	   having to recompile amd) until such time as NFSv3 support is
	   desired again.

     nis_domain (string, default to local NIS domain name)
	   Same as the -y option to amd(8).  Specify an alternative NIS domain
	   from which to fetch the NIS maps.  The default is the system domain
	   name.  This option is ignored if NIS support is not available.

     normalize_hostnames (boolean, default=no)
	   Same as the -n option to amd(8).  If “yes”, then the name referred
	   to by ${rhost} is normalized relative to the host database before
	   being used.	The effect is to translate aliases into “official”
	   names.

     normalize_slashes (boolean, default=yes)
	   If “yes”, then amd(8) will condense all multiple ‘/’ (slash) char‐
	   acters into one and remove all trailing slashes.  If “no”, then
	   amd(8) will not touch strings that may contain repeated or trailing
	   slashes.  The latter is sometimes useful with SMB mounts, which
	   often require multiple slash characters in pathnames.

     os (string, default to compiled in value)
	   Same as the -O option to amd(8).  Allows you to override the com‐
	   piled-in name of the operating system.  Useful when the built-in
	   name is not desired for backward compatibility reasons.  For exam‐
	   ple, if the build in name is “sunos5”, you can override it to
	   “sos5”, and use older maps which were written with the latter in
	   mind.

     osver (string, default to compiled in value)
	   Same as the -o option to amd(8).  Overrides the compiled-in version
	   number of the operating system.  Useful when the built in version
	   is not desired for backward compatibility reasons.  For example, if
	   the build in version is “2.5.1”, you can override it to “5.5.1”,
	   and use older maps that were written with the latter in mind.

     pid_file (string, default=/dev/stdout)
	   Specify a file to store the process ID of the running daemon into.
	   If not specified, amd(8) will print its process ID onto the stan‐
	   dard output.	 Useful for killing amd(8) after it had run.  Note
	   that the PID of a running amd can also be retrieved via amq -p.
	   This file is used only if the print_pid option is on.

     plock (boolean, default=yes)
	   Same as the -S option to amd(8).  If “yes”, lock the running exe‐
	   cutable pages of amd into memory.  To improve amd's performance,
	   systems that support the plock(3) or mlockall(2) call can lock the
	   amd process into memory.  This way there is less chance that the
	   operating system will schedule, page out, and swap the amd process
	   as needed.  This improves amd's performance, at the cost of reserv‐
	   ing the memory used by the amd process (making it unavailable for
	   other processes).

     portmap_program (numeric, default=300019)
	   Specify an alternate Port-mapper RPC program number, other than the
	   official number.  This is useful when running multiple amd pro‐
	   cesses.  For example, you can run another amd(8) in “test” mode,
	   without affecting the primary amd process in any way.  For safety
	   reasons, the alternate program numbers that can be specified must
	   be in the range 300019-300029, inclusive.  The amq(8) utility has
	   an option -P which can be used to specify an alternate program num‐
	   ber of an amd to contact.  In this way, amq can fully control any
	   number of amd processes running on the same host.

     preferred_amq_port (numeric, default=0)
	   Specify an alternate Port-mapper RPC port number for amd's amq(8)
	   service.  This is used for both UDP and TCP.	 Setting this value to
	   0 (or not defining it) will cause amd(8) to select an arbitrary
	   port number.	 Setting the amq(8) RPC service port to a specific
	   number is useful in firewalled or NAT'ed environments, where you
	   need to know which port amd(8) will listen on.

     print_pid (boolean, default=no)
	   Same as the -p option to amd(8).  If “yes”, amd will print its
	   process ID upon starting.

     print_version (boolean, default=no)
	   Same as the -v option to amd(8), but the version prints and amd
	   continues to run.  If “yes”, amd will print its version information
	   string, which includes some configuration and compilation values.

     restart_mounts (boolean, default=no)
	   Same as the -r option to amd(8).  If “yes”, amd will scan the mount
	   table to determine which file systems are currently mounted.	 When‐
	   ever one of these would have been auto-mounted, amd inherits it.

     show_statfs_entries (boolean, default=no)
	   If “yes”, then all maps which are browsable will also show the num‐
	   ber of entries (keys) they have when df(1) runs.  (This is accom‐
	   plished by returning non-zero values to the statfs(2) system call.)

     truncate_log (boolean, default=no)
	   If “yes”, then the log file (if it is a regular file), will be
	   truncated upon startup.

     unmount_on_exit (boolean, default=no)
	   If “yes”, then amd(8) will attempt to unmount all file systems
	   which it knows about.  Normally amd leaves all (esp. NFS) mounted
	   file systems intact.	 Note that amd does not know about file sys‐
	   tems mounted before it starts up, unless the restart_mounts option
	   or -r flag are used.

     use_tcpwrappers (boolean, default=yes)
	   If “yes”, then amd(8) will use the tcpd/libwrap tcpwrappers library
	   (if available) to control access to amd via the /etc/hosts.allow
	   and /etc/hosts.deny files.

     vendor (string, default to compiled in value)
	   The name of the vendor of the operating system.  Overrides the com‐
	   piled-in vendor name.  Useful when the compiled-in name is not
	   desired.  For example, most Intel based systems set the vendor name
	   to “unknown”, but you can set it to “redhat”.

   Parameters applicable to regular map sections
     map_name (string, must be specified)
	   Name of the map where the keys are located.

     tag (string, default no tag)
	   Each map entry in the configuration file can be tagged.  If no tag
	   is specified, that map section will always be processed by amd(8).
	   If it is specified, then amd will process the map if the -T option
	   was given to amd(8), and the value given to that command-line
	   option matches that in the map section.

EXAMPLES
     Here is a real amd(8) configuration I use daily.

     # GLOBAL OPTIONS SECTION
     [ global ]
     normalize_hostnames =    no
     print_pid =	      no
     restart_mounts =	      yes
     auto_dir =		      /n
     log_file =		      /var/log/amd
     log_options =	      all
     #debug_options =	      all
     plock =		      no
     selectors_in_defaults =  yes
     # config.guess picks up "sunos5" and I don't want to edit my maps yet
     os =		      sos5
     # if you print_version after setting up "os", it will show it.
     print_version =	      no
     map_type =		      file
     search_path =	      /etc/amdmaps:/usr/lib/amd:/usr/local/AMD/lib
     browsable_dirs =	      yes

     # DEFINE AN AMD MOUNT POINT
     [ /u ]
     map_name =		      amd.u

     [ /proj ]
     map_name =		      amd.proj

     [ /src ]
     map_name =		      amd.src

     [ /misc ]
     map_name =		      amd.misc

     [ /import ]
     map_name =		      amd.import

     [ /tftpboot/.amd ]
     tag =		      tftpboot
     map_name =		      amd.tftpboot

SEE ALSO
     hosts_access(5), amd(8), amq(8)

     “am-utils” info(1) entry.

     Erez Zadok, Linux NFS and Automounter Administration, Sybex, 2001, ISBN
     0-7821-2739-8.

     http://www.am-utils.org/

     Amd - The 4.4 BSD Automounter.

HISTORY
     The amd(8) utility first appeared in 4.4BSD.

AUTHORS
     Erez Zadok ⟨ezk@cs.sunysb.edu⟩, Computer Science Department, Stony Brook
     University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.

     Other authors and contributors to am-utils are listed in the AUTHORS file
     distributed with am-utils.

BSD				April 21, 2006				   BSD
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