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CHECKMK(1)							    CHECKMK(1)

NAME
       checkmk	-  Awk	script	for  generating	 C unit tests for use with the
       Check unit testing framework.

SYNOPSIS
       checkmk [ clean_mode=1 ] [ input-file ]

DESCRIPTION
       Generate C-language source files containing unit tests for use with the
       Check  unit  testing  framework.	 The aim of this script is to automate
       away some of the typical boilerplate one must write when writing a test
       suite  using  Check:  specifically,  the	 instantiation	of an SRunner,
       Suite(s), and TCase(s), and the building of relationships between these
       objects and the test functions.

       This  tool  is  intended	 to be used by those who are familiar with the
       Check unit testing framework. Familiarity with the  framework  will  be
       assumed throughout this manual.

       The  Check framework, along with information regarding it, is available
       at http://check.sourceforge.net/ <URL:http://check.sourceforge.net/>.

       The input-file argument to checkmk uses a  simple,  C-preprocessor-like
       syntax  to  declare test functions, and to describe their relationships
       to Suites and TCases in Check.  checkmk then uses this  information  to
       automatically  write  a main() function containing all of the necessary
       declarations, and whatever code is needed to run the test  suites.  The
       final C-language output is printed to checkmk's standard output.

       Facilities  are provided for the insertion of user code into the gener‐
       ated main() function, to provide for the use of logging, test  fixtures
       or specialized exit values.

       While  it  is  possible	to omit the input-file argument to checkmk and
       provide the input file on checkmk's standard input instead, it is  gen‐
       erally  recommended  to	provide	 it  as an argument. Doing this allows
       checkmk to be aware of the file's name, to place references  to	it  in
       the  initial  comments  of  the C-language output, and to intersperse C
       #line directives throughout, to facilitate  in  debugging  problems  by
       directing the user to the original input file.

OPTIONS
       The  only officially supported option is specifying a true value (using
       Awk's definition for "true") for the variable clean_mode.  This	causes
       checkmk	not  to place appropriate #line directives in the source code,
       which some might find to be unnecessary clutter.

       The author recommends against the use of this option, as it will	 cause
       C  compilers and debugging tools to refer to lines in the automatically
       generated output, rather than the original input files to checkmk. This
       would  encourage users to edit the output files instead of the original
       input files, would make it difficult for intelligent editors or IDEs to
       pull  up	 the  right  file to edit, and could result in the fixes being
       overwritten when the output files are regenerated.

       #line directives are automatically supressed when  the  input  file  is
       provided on standard input instead of as a command-line argument.

BASIC EXAMPLE
       In  its	most  basic form, an input file can be simply a prologue and a
       test function. Anything that appears before the first test function  is
       in  the prologue, and will be copied into the output verbatim. The test
       function is begun by a line in the form:

       #test test_name

       Where test_name is the name of your test function. This will be used to
       name a C function, so it must be a valid C identifier.

       Here is a small, complete example:

       --------------------------------------------------
       /* A complete test example */

       #include <stdio.h>

       #test the_test
	   int nc;
	   const char msg[] = "\n\n    Hello, world!\n";

	   nc = printf("%s", msg);
	   ck_assert(nc == (sizeof(msg) - 1)); /* for terminating NUL. */
       --------------------------------------------------

       If  you place the above into a file named basic_complete.ts and process
       it using the following command:

       $ checkmk basic_complete.ts > basic_complete.c

       basic_complete.c will contain output similar to:

       --------------------------------------------------
       /*
	* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. Generated by checkmk.
	* Edit the original source file "in" instead.
	*/

       #include <check.h>

       /* A complete test example */

       #include <stdio.h>

       START_TEST(the_test)
       {
	   int nc;
	   const char msg[] = "\n\n    Hello, world!\n";

	   nc = printf("%s", msg);
	   ck_assert(nc == (sizeof(msg) - 1)); /* for terminating NUL. */
       }
       END_TEST

       int main(void)
       {
	   Suite *s1 = suite_create("Core");
	   TCase *tc1_1 = tcase_create("Core");
	   SRunner *sr = srunner_create(s1);
	   int nf;

	   suite_add_tcase(s1, tc1_1);
	   tcase_add_test(tc1_1, the_test);

	   srunner_run_all(sr, CK_ENV);
	   nf = srunner_ntests_failed(sr);
	   srunner_free(sr);

	   return nf == 0 ? 0 : 1;
       }
       --------------------------------------------------

       In real usage, basic_complete.c would also contain #line directives.

DIRECTIVE SUMMARY
       Here is a complete summary of all the  C-preprocessor-style  directives
       that are understood by checkmk. See below for more details.

       # test test_name
       # test-signal(signal) test_name
       # test-exit(exit_code) test_name
       # test-loop(start, end) test_name
       # test-loop-signal(signal, start, end) test_name
       # test-loop-exit(exit_code, start, end) test_name
       # suite TestSuiteName
       # tcase TestCaseName
       # main-pre
       # main-post

       All  directives	are  case-insensitive.	Whitespace  may	 appear at the
       beginning of the line before the #, between the #  and  the  directive,
       between the directive and any argument, and at the end of the line.

TEST-DEFINING DIRECTIVES
       Here  is a more detailed explanation of the directives that may be used
       to define test functions and their containers.

   TEST FUNCTIONS
       # test test_name
       # test-signal(signal) test_name
       # test-exit(exit_code) test_name
       # test-loop(start, end) test_name
       # test-loop-signal(signal, start, end) test_name
       # test-loop-exit(exit_code, start, end) test_name

       These are the most basic directives for creating a template  for	 input
       to  checkmk. They are the only directives that are required: there must
       be at least one #test* directive appearing in the template, or  checkmk
       will fail with an error message. The #test* directives may be specified
       several times, each one beginning the definition of a  new  test	 func‐
       tion.

       The  test_name  argument will be used as the name of a test function in
       the C-language output, so it must be a valid C identifier. That is,  it
       must begin with an alphabetic character or the underscore (_), followed
       by optional alpha-numeric characters and/or underscores.

       Universal Character Names (introduced in C99) are also allowed, of  the
       form \uXXXX or \UXXXXXXXX, where the X's represent hexadecimal digits.

       It  is  an  error to specify the same test_name in more than one #test*
       directive, regardless of whether they  are  associated  with  different
       test cases or suites.

       See  CHECKMK  IDENTIFIERS  for  the list of identifiers which should be
       avoided for use as test function names.

   TEST SUITES
       # suite TestSuiteName

       This directive specifies the name of the test suite  (Suite  object  in
       the  Check  test	 framework)  to which all future test cases (and their
       test functions) will be added.

       The TestSuiteName is a text string, and may contain any sort of charac‐
       ters  at	 all  (other  than ASCII NUL character, and the newline, which
       would terminate the directive). Any leading or trailing whitespace will
       be omitted from the test suite name.

       Starting	 a  new	 test suite also begins a new test case, whose name is
       identical to the new test suite. This test case name may be  overridden
       by a subsequent #tcase directive.

       Note  that a Suite object won't actually be defined by checkmk in the C
       output, unless it is followed at some point by a #test directive (with‐
       out  an intervening #suite). It is not an error for a #suite to have no
       associated #test's; the #suite (and  any	 associated  #tcase's)	simply
       won't  result in any action on the part of checkmk (and would therefore
       be useless).

       It is an error for a #suite directive to specify the same (case	sensi‐
       tive) suite multiple times, unless the previous uses were not instanti‐
       ated by the presence of at least one associated #test directive.

       If you do not specify a #suite directive before the first #test	direc‐
       tive,  checkmk performs the equivalent of an implicit #suite directive,
       with the string "Core"  as  the	value  for  TestSuiteName  (this  also
       implies a "Core" test case object). This is demonstrated above in BASIC
       EXAMPLE.

   TEST CASES
       # tcase TestCaseName

       This directive specifies the name of the test case (TCase object in the
       Check test framework) to which all future test functions will be added.

       The #tcase works very in a way very similar to #suite. The TestCaseName
       is a text string, and may contain arbitrary  characters;	 and  a	 TCase
       object won't actually be defined unless it is followed by an associated
       #test directive.

       It is an error for a #tcase directive to specify the same (case	sensi‐
       tive)  test  case  multiple  times,  unless  the previous uses were not
       instantiated by the presence of at least one  associated	 #test	direc‐
       tive.

       See also the #suite directive, described above.

USER CODE IN MAIN()
       The C main() is automatically generated by checkmk, defining the neces‐
       sary SRunner's, Suite's, and  TCase's  required	by  the	 test-defining
       directives specified by the user.

       For most situations, this completely automated main() is quite suitable
       as-is. However, there are situations where one might wish to add custom
       code to the main(). For instance, if the user wishes to:

       · change the test timeout value via tcase_set_timeout(),

       · specify Check's "no-fork-mode" via srunner_set_fork_status(),

       · set  up test fixtures for some test cases, via tcase_add_checked_fix‐
	 ture() or tcase_add_unchecked_fixture(),

       · set up test logging  for  the	suite  runner,	via  srunner_set_log()
	 or srunner_set_xml(), or

       · perform custom wrap-up after the test suites have been run.

       For  these  purposes, the #main-pre and #main-post directives have been
       provided.

   MAIN() PROLOGUE
       # main-pre

       The text following this directive will be placed verbatim into the body
       of  the generated main() function, just after checkmk's own local vari‐
       able declarations, and before any test running has taken place (indeed,
       before  even  the relationships between the tests, test cases, and test
       suites have been set up, though that fact shouldn't make	 much  differ‐
       ence). Since checkmk has only just finished making its declarations, it
       is permissible, even under strict 1990 ISO C guidelines, to make custom
       variable declarations here.

       Unlike  the previously-described directives, #main-pre may be specified
       at most once. It may not be preceded by the #main-post  directive,  and
       no #suite, #tcase, or #test directive may appear after it.

       #main-pre is a good place to tweak settings or set up test fixtures. Of
       course, in order to do so, you need to know what names checkmk has used
       to instantiate the SRunner's, Suite's, and TCase's.

   CHECKMK IDENTIFIERS
       Pointers	 to  Suite's  are  declared using the pattern sX, where X is a
       number that starts at 1, and is incremented for each subsequent	#suite
       directive.   s1	always exists, and contains the test function declared
       by the first #test directive. If that directive was not preceded	 by  a
       #suite, it will be given the name "Core".

       Pointers	 to TCase's are declared using the pattern tcX_Y, where X cor‐
       responds to the number used for the name of the Suite that will contain
       this  TCase; and Y is a number that starts at 1 for each new Suite, and
       is incremented for each TCase in that Suite.

       A pointer to SRunner is declared using the identifier sr; there is also
       an  integer named nf which holds the number of test failures (after the
       tests have run).

       For obvious reasons, the user should not attempt to declare local iden‐
       tifiers	in main(), or define any macros or test functions, whose names
       might conflict with the local variable names used by checkmk. To summa‐
       rize, these names are:

       sX

       tcX_Y

       sr

       nf.

   MAIN() EPILOGUE
       # main-post

       Though  it  is not as useful, checkmk also provides a #main-post direc‐
       tive to insert custom code at the end of main(), after the  tests  have
       run.  This  could  be used to clean up resources that were allocated in
       the prologue, or to print information about the	failed	tests,	or  to
       provide a custom exit status code.

       Note  that, if you make use of this directive, checkmk will not provide
       a return statement: you will need to provide one yourself.

       The #main-post directive may not be followed by	any  other  directives
       recognized by checkmk.

COMPREHENSIVE EXAMPLE
       Now  that you've gotten the detailed descriptions of the various direc‐
       tives, let's see it all put to action with  this	 fairly	 comprehensive
       template.

       --------------------------------------------------
       #include "mempool.h"  /* defines MEMPOOLSZ, prototypes for
				mempool_init() and mempool_free() */

       void *mempool;

       void mp_setup(void)
       {
	   mempool = mempool_init(MEMPOOLSZ);
	   ck_assert_msg(mempool != NULL, "Couldn't allocate mempool.");
       }

       void mp_teardown(void)
       {
	   mempool_free(mempool);
       }

       /* end of prologue */

       #suite Mempool

       #tcase MP Init

       #test mempool_init_zero_test
	   mempool = mempool_init(0);
	   ck_assert_msg(mempool == NULL, "Allocated a zero-sized mempool!");
	   ck_assert_msg(mempool_error(), "Didn't get an error for zero alloc.");

       /* "MP Util" TCase uses checked fixture. */
       #tcase MP Util

       #test mempool_copy_test
	   void *cp = mempool_copy(mempool);
	   ck_assert_msg(cp != NULL, "Couldn't perform mempool copy.");
	   ck_assert_msg(cp != mempool, "Copy returned original pointer!");

       #test mempool_size_test
	   ck_assert(mempool_getsize(mempool) == MEMPOOLSZ);

       #main-pre
	   tcase_add_checked_fixture(tc1_2, mp_setup, mp_teardown);
	   srunner_set_log(sr, "mplog.txt");

       #main-post
	   if (nf != 0) {
	     printf("Hey, something's wrong! %d whole tests failed!\n", nf);
	   }
	   return 0; /* Harness checks for output, always return success
			regardless. */
       --------------------------------------------------

       Plugging	 this  into checkmk, we'll get output roughly like the follow‐
       ing:

       --------------------------------------------------
       /*
	* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. Generated by checkmk.
	* Edit the original source file "comprehensive.ts" instead.
	*/

       #include <check.h>

       #include "mempool.h"

       void *mempool;

       void mp_setup(void)
       {
       ...
       }

       void mp_teardown(void)
       {
       ...
       }

       /* end of prologue */

       START_TEST(mempool_init_zero_test)
       {
       ...
       }
       END_TEST

       START_TEST(mempool_copy_test)
       {
       ...
       }
       END_TEST

       START_TEST(mempool_size_test)
       {
       ...
       }
       END_TEST

       int main(void)
       {
	   Suite *s1 = suite_create("Mempool");
	   TCase *tc1_1 = tcase_create("MP Init");
	   TCase *tc1_2 = tcase_create("MP Util");
	   SRunner *sr = srunner_create(s1);
	   int nf;

	   /* User-specified pre-run code */
	   tcase_add_checked_fixture(tc1_2, mp_setup, mp_teardown);
	   srunner_set_log(sr, "mplog.txt");

	   suite_add_tcase(s1, tc1_1);
	   tcase_add_test(tc1_1, mempool_init_zero_test);
	   suite_add_tcase(s1, tc1_2);
	   tcase_add_test(tc1_2, mempool_copy_test);
	   tcase_add_test(tc1_2, mempool_size_test);

	   srunner_run_all(sr, CK_ENV);
	   nf = srunner_ntests_failed(sr);
	   srunner_free(sr);

	   /* User-specified post-run code */
	   if (nf != 0) {
	     printf("Hey, something's wrong! %d whole tests failed!\n", nf);
	   }
	   return 0; /* Harness checks for output, always return success
			regardless. */
       }
       --------------------------------------------------

AUTHOR
       checkmk and this manual were written by Micah J Cowan.

       Copyright (C) 2006, 2010 Micah J Cowan.

			       09 February 2010			    CHECKMK(1)
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