CHMOD(1)CHMOD(1)NAMEchmod - change access mode for files
SYNOPSISchmod [-R] mode file ...
OPTIONS-R # Change hierarchies recursively
EXAMPLESchmod 755 file # Owner: rwx Group: r-x Others: r-x
chmod +x file1 file2
# Make file1 and file2 executable
chmod a-w file # Make file read only
chmod u+s file # Turn on SETUID for file
chmod-R o+w dir # Allow writing for all files in dir
DESCRIPTION
The given mode is applied to each file in the file list. If the -R flag
is present, the files in a directory will be changed as well. The mode
can be either absolute or symbolic. Absolute modes are given as an
octal number that represents the new file mode. The mode bits are
defined as follows:
4000 Set effective user id on execution to file's owner id
2000 Set effective group id on execution to file's group id
0400 file is readable by the owner of the file
0200 writeable by owner
0100 executable by owner
0070 same as above, for other users in the same group
0007 same as above, for all other users
Symbolic modes modify the current file mode in a specified way. The
form is:
[who] op permissions { op permissions ...} {, [who] op ... }
The possibilities for who are u, g, o, and a, standing for user, group,
other and all, respectively. If who is omitted, a is assumed, but the
current umask is used. The op can be +, -, or =; + turns on the given
permissions, - turns them off; = sets the permissions exclusively for
the given who. For example g=x sets the group permissions to --x.
The possible permissions are r, w, x; which stand for read, write, and
execute; s turns on the set effective user/group id bits. s only
makes sense with u and g; o+s is harmless.
SEE ALSOls(1), chmod(2).
CHMOD(1)
