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CLOSELOG(3P)		   POSIX Programmer's Manual		  CLOSELOG(3P)

PROLOG
       This  manual  page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux
       implementation of this interface may differ (consult the	 corresponding
       Linux  manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may
       not be implemented on Linux.

NAME
       closelog, openlog, setlogmask, syslog - control system log

SYNOPSIS
       #include <syslog.h>

       void closelog(void);
       void openlog(const char *ident, int logopt, int facility);
       int setlogmask(int maskpri);
       void syslog(int priority, const char *message, ... /* arguments */);

DESCRIPTION
       The syslog() function shall send a message to an implementation-defined
       logging	facility, which may log it in an implementation-defined system
       log, write it to the system console, forward it to a list of users,  or
       forward	it  to	the logging facility on another host over the network.
       The logged message shall include a message header and a	message	 body.
       The message header contains at least a timestamp and a tag string.

       The  message body is generated from the message and following arguments
       in the same manner as if these were arguments to printf(), except  that
       the  additional	conversion  specification  %m  shall be recognized; it
       shall convert no arguments, shall cause the output of the error message
       string associated with the value of errno on entry to syslog(), and may
       be mixed with argument specifications of the "%n$" form.	 If a complete
       conversion  specification  with the m conversion specifier character is
       not just %m, the behavior is undefined. A  trailing  <newline>  may  be
       added if needed.

       Values  of the priority argument are formed by OR'ing together a sever‐
       ity-level value and an optional facility value. If no facility value is
       specified, the current default facility value is used.

       Possible values of severity level include:

       LOG_EMERG
	      A panic condition.

       LOG_ALERT
	      A condition that should be corrected immediately, such as a cor‐
	      rupted system database.

       LOG_CRIT
	      Critical conditions, such as hard device errors.

       LOG_ERR
	      Errors.

       LOG_WARNING

	      Warning messages.

       LOG_NOTICE
	      Conditions that are not error conditions, but that  may  require
	      special handling.

       LOG_INFO
	      Informational messages.

       LOG_DEBUG
	      Messages	that  contain  information  normally  of use only when
	      debugging a program.

       The facility indicates the application or system	 component  generating
       the message. Possible facility values include:

       LOG_USER
	      Messages	generated  by arbitrary processes. This is the default
	      facility identifier if none is specified.

       LOG_LOCAL0
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL1
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL2
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL3
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL4
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL5
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL6
	      Reserved for local use.

       LOG_LOCAL7
	      Reserved for local use.

       The openlog() function shall set process attributes that affect	subse‐
       quent  calls  to	 syslog().  The	 ident	argument  is  a string that is
       prepended to every  message.  The  logopt  argument  indicates  logging
       options. Values for logopt are constructed by a bitwise-inclusive OR of
       zero or more of the following:

       LOG_PID
	      Log the process ID with each message. This is useful for identi‐
	      fying specific processes.

       LOG_CONS
	      Write  messages  to the system console if they cannot be sent to
	      the logging facility. The syslog()  function  ensures  that  the
	      process  does  not acquire the console as a controlling terminal
	      in the process of writing the message.

       LOG_NDELAY
	      Open the connection to the logging  facility  immediately.  Nor‐
	      mally  the  open	is  delayed until the first message is logged.
	      This is useful for programs that need to	manage	the  order  in
	      which file descriptors are allocated.

       LOG_ODELAY
	      Delay open until syslog() is called.

       LOG_NOWAIT
	      Do  not wait for child processes that may have been created dur‐
	      ing the course of logging the message.  This  option  should  be
	      used  by processes that enable notification of child termination
	      using SIGCHLD, since syslog() may otherwise block waiting for  a
	      child whose exit status has already been collected.

       The  facility argument encodes a default facility to be assigned to all
       messages that do not have an explicit  facility	already	 encoded.  The
       initial default facility is LOG_USER.

       The openlog() and syslog() functions may allocate a file descriptor. It
       is not necessary to call openlog() prior to calling syslog().

       The closelog() function shall close any open file descriptors allocated
       by previous calls to openlog() or syslog().

       The  setlogmask() function shall set the log priority mask for the cur‐
       rent process to maskpri and return the previous mask.  If  the  maskpri
       argument	 is 0, the current log mask is not modified. Calls by the cur‐
       rent process to syslog() with a priority not set in  maskpri  shall  be
       rejected.   The	default log mask allows all priorities to be logged. A
       call to openlog() is not required prior to calling setlogmask().

       Symbolic constants for use as values of the logopt, facility, priority,
       and maskpri arguments are defined in the <syslog.h> header.

RETURN VALUE
       The  setlogmask() function shall return the previous log priority mask.
       The closelog(), openlog(), and syslog() functions shall	not  return  a
       value.

ERRORS
       No errors are defined.

       The following sections are informative.

EXAMPLES
   Using openlog()
       The  following  example	causes subsequent calls to syslog() to log the
       process ID with each message, and to write messages to the system  con‐
       sole if they cannot be sent to the logging facility.

	      #include <syslog.h>

	      char *ident = "Process demo";
	      int logopt = LOG_PID | LOG_CONS;
	      int facility = LOG_USER;
	      ...
	      openlog(ident, logopt, facility);

   Using setlogmask()
       The  following  example	causes	subsequent calls to syslog() to accept
       error messages, and to reject all other messages.

	      #include <syslog.h>

	      int result;
	      int mask = LOG_MASK (LOG_ERR);
	      ...
	      result = setlogmask(mask);

   Using syslog
       The following example sends the message "This  is  a  message"  to  the
       default	logging facility, marking the message as an error message gen‐
       erated by random processes.

	      #include <syslog.h>

	      char *message = "This is a message";
	      int priority = LOG_ERR | LOG_USER;
	      ...
	      syslog(priority, message);

APPLICATION USAGE
       None.

RATIONALE
       None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
       None.

SEE ALSO
       printf(), the Base Definitions volume  of  IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,	 <sys‐
       log.h>

COPYRIGHT
       Portions	 of  this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
       --  Portable  Operating	System	Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
       Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003	by  the	 Institute  of
       Electrical  and	Electronics  Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
       event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
       The  Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
       is the referee document. The original Standard can be  obtained	online
       at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

IEEE/The Open Group		     2003			  CLOSELOG(3P)
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