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<complex.h>(0P)		   POSIX Programmer's Manual	       <complex.h>(0P)

NAME
       complex.h - complex arithmetic

SYNOPSIS
       #include <complex.h>

DESCRIPTION
       The <complex.h> header shall define the following macros:

       complex
	      Expands to _Complex.

       _Complex_I
	      Expands  to  a constant expression of type const float _Complex,
	      with the value of the imaginary unit (that is, a number  i  such
	      that i**2=-1).

       imaginary
	      Expands to _Imaginary.

       _Imaginary_I
	      Expands  to a constant expression of type const float _Imaginary
	      with the value of the imaginary unit.

       I      Expands to either _Imaginary_I or _Complex_I. If _Imaginary_I is
	      not defined, I expands to _Complex_I.

       The  macros  imaginary and _Imaginary_I shall be defined if and only if
       the implementation supports imaginary types.

       An application may undefine and then, perhaps,  redefine	 the  complex,
       imaginary, and I macros.

       The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined as
       macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.

	      double		   cabs(double complex);
	      float		   cabsf(float complex);
	      long double	   cabsl(long double complex);
	      double complex	   cacos(double complex);
	      float complex	   cacosf(float complex);
	      double complex	   cacosh(double complex);
	      float complex	   cacoshf(float complex);
	      long double complex  cacoshl(long double complex);
	      long double complex  cacosl(long double complex);
	      double		   carg(double complex);
	      float		   cargf(float complex);
	      long double	   cargl(long double complex);
	      double complex	   casin(double complex);
	      float complex	   casinf(float complex);
	      double complex	   casinh(double complex);
	      float complex	   casinhf(float complex);
	      long double complex  casinhl(long double complex);
	      long double complex  casinl(long double complex);
	      double complex	   catan(double complex);
	      float complex	   catanf(float complex);
	      double complex	   catanh(double complex);
	      float complex	   catanhf(float complex);
	      long double complex  catanhl(long double complex);
	      long double complex  catanl(long double complex);
	      double complex	   ccos(double complex);
	      float complex	   ccosf(float complex);
	      double complex	   ccosh(double complex);
	      float complex	   ccoshf(float complex);
	      long double complex  ccoshl(long double complex);
	      long double complex  ccosl(long double complex);
	      double complex	   cexp(double complex);
	      float complex	   cexpf(float complex);
	      long double complex  cexpl(long double complex);
	      double		   cimag(double complex);
	      float		   cimagf(float complex);
	      long double	   cimagl(long double complex);
	      double complex	   clog(double complex);
	      float complex	   clogf(float complex);
	      long double complex  clogl(long double complex);
	      double complex	   conj(double complex);
	      float complex	   conjf(float complex);
	      long double complex  conjl(long double complex);
	      double complex	   cpow(double complex, double complex);
	      float complex	   cpowf(float complex, float complex);
	      long double complex  cpowl(long double complex, long double complex);
	      double complex	   cproj(double complex);
	      float complex	   cprojf(float complex);
	      long double complex  cprojl(long double complex);
	      double		   creal(double complex);
	      float		   crealf(float complex);
	      long double	   creall(long double complex);
	      double complex	   csin(double complex);
	      float complex	   csinf(float complex);
	      double complex	   csinh(double complex);
	      float complex	   csinhf(float complex);
	      long double complex  csinhl(long double complex);
	      long double complex  csinl(long double complex);
	      double complex	   csqrt(double complex);
	      float complex	   csqrtf(float complex);
	      long double complex  csqrtl(long double complex);
	      double complex	   ctan(double complex);
	      float complex	   ctanf(float complex);
	      double complex	   ctanh(double complex);
	      float complex	   ctanhf(float complex);
	      long double complex  ctanhl(long double complex);
	      long double complex  ctanl(long double complex);

       The following sections are informative.

APPLICATION USAGE
       Values are interpreted as radians, not degrees.

RATIONALE
       The choice of I instead of i for the imaginary  unit  concedes  to  the
       widespread  use of the identifier i for other purposes. The application
       can use a different identifier, say j, for the imaginary unit  by  fol‐
       lowing the inclusion of the <complex.h> header with:

	      #undef I
	      #define j _Imaginary_I

       An I suffix to designate imaginary constants is not required, as multi‐
       plication by I provides a sufficiently convenient  and  more  generally
       useful  notation	 for imaginary terms.  The corresponding real type for
       the imaginary unit is float, so that use of I for algorithmic or	 nota‐
       tional convenience will not result in widening types.

       On  systems  with  imaginary  types, the application has the ability to
       control whether use of the macro I introduces  an  imaginary  type,  by
       explicitly  defining  I	to  be _Imaginary_I or _Complex_I. Disallowing
       imaginary types is useful for some  applications	 intended  to  run  on
       implementations without support for such types.

       The  macro _Imaginary_I provides a test for whether imaginary types are
       supported.

       The cis() function (cos(x) +  I*sin(x))	was  considered	 but  rejected
       because	its  implementation  is	 easy and straightforward, even though
       some implementations could compute sine and cosine more efficiently  in
       tandem.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
       The  following  function	 names and the same names suffixed with f or l
       are reserved for future use, and may be added to	 the  declarations  in
       the <complex.h> header.

 cerf()			      cexpm1()			   clog2()
 cerfc()		      clog10()			   clgamma()
 cexp2()		      clog1p()			   ctgamma()

SEE ALSO
       The  System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, cabs(), cacos(),
       cacosh(),  carg(),  casin(),  casinh(),	catan(),   catanh(),   ccos(),
       ccosh(),	 cexp(),  cimag(),  clog(),  conj(), cpow(), cproj(), creal(),
       csin(), csinh(), csqrt(), ctan(), ctanh()

COPYRIGHT
       Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in  electronic  form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
       -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX),	The  Open  Group  Base
       Specifications  Issue  6,  Copyright  (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
       Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open  Group.  In  the
       event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
       The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group  Standard
       is  the	referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online
       at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

IEEE/The Open Group		     2003		       <complex.h>(0P)
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