CPARSER(1) BSD General Commands Manual CPARSER(1)NAMEcparser — C compiler
SYNOPSIScparser [-c | -S | -E | --print-ast] [--print-implicit-cast]
[--print-parenthesis] [-ansi] [-std=standard] [--[no-]gcc]
[--[no-]ms] [-g] [-Olevel] [-W[no-][error=]warning] [-w] [-I dir]
[-L dir] [-Dmacro[=defn]] [-Umacro] [-f option]
[-finput-charset=encoding] [-b option] [-l library] [-o outfile]
[-x language] [-Wl,option] [-Wp,option] file ...
DESCRIPTIONcparser is a C compiler, which can parse C90 and C99 as well as many GCC
and some MSC extensions. It also provides many useful analyses for warn‐
ings and generates concise messages in case of error. It uses libFIRM
for optimization and code generation. The compiler driver is largely
compatible with GCC.
OPTIONS-c Compile the input files to object files. The default output
filename is the input filename with the extension replaced by
.o.
-S Compile the input files to assembler. The default output
filename is the input filename with the extension replaced by
.s.
-E Preprocess the input file only. By default the result is
output to stdout.
--print-ast
Output the abstract syntax tree of the parsed input file as C
again.
--print-implicit-cast
When using --print-ast, show casts, which are inserted by the
semantic checks.
--print-parenthesis
When using --print-ast, show all expressions fully parenthe‐
sized.
-ansi Same as -std=c90 (for C) or -std=c++98 (for C++).
-std=standard
Select the language standard. Supported values are:
c89
c90
iso9899:1990 ISO C90
gnu89 ISO C90 with GCC extensions
c99
iso9899:1999 ISO C99
gnu99 ISO C99 with GCC extensions
c11
iso9899:2011 ISO C11
gnu11 ISO C11 with GCC extensions
c++98 ISO C++ 1998. Not supported yet.
gnu++98 ISO C++ 1998 with GCC extensions. Not sup‐
ported yet.
--[no-]gcc Disable/enable GCC extensions. This switch supersedes -std.
--[no-]ms Disable/enable MSC extensions.
-g When compiling C files, add debug information in stabs for‐
mat.
-Olevel Select the optimization level. Sensible values are between 0
and 4, inclusive.
-Wwarning Enable the specified warning.
-Wno-warning
Disable the specified warning.
-Werror=warning
Enable the specified warning and turn it into an error.
-Wno-error=warning
Force the specified warning to only be a warning, even in the
presence of -Werror. This neither enables nor disables the
warning itself.
-Waddress Warn about suspicious use of addresses, like using the
address of a function or variable as boolean condition or
comparing with the address of a string literal.
-Waggregate-return
Warn about defining or calling a function, which returns a
struct or union by value.
-Wall Activate most warnings. In particular these are -Waddress,
-Wattribute, -Wchar-subscripts, -Wcomment, -Wempty-statement,
-Wformat, -Wimplicit-function-declaration, -Wimplicit-int,
-Winit-self, -Wmain, -Wnonnull, -Wparentheses,
-Wpointer-arith, -Wredundant-decls, -Wreturn-type,
-Wshadow-local, -Wsign-compare, -Wstrict-prototypes,
-Wswitch-enum, -Wunknown-pragmas, -Wunreachable-code,
-Wunused-function, -Wunused-label, -Wunused-parameter,
-Wunused-value, -Wunused-variable.
-Wcast-qual
Warn whenever a pointer cast removes qualifiers from the
pointed-to type, e.g. casting a const char* to char*.
-Wchar-subscripts
Warn about using an expression of type char as array sub‐
script, e.g. char c; arr[c].
-Wdeclaration-after-statement
Warn about mixing declarations and statements, which is not
allowed prior to C99.
-Wdiv-by-zero
Warn about compile-time integer division by zero.
-Wempty-statement
Warn about empty statements, i.e. statements which only con‐
sist of a single ‘;’. Use {} as replacement to avoid this
warning.
-Werror Treat warnings as errors, i.e. do not continue after parsing
when a warning is encountered.
-Wextra (Alias -W) Activate some more warnings. In particular these
are -Wempty-statement, -Wshadow, -Wunused-parameter,
-Wunused-value.
-Wfatal-errors
Immediately abort compilation when encountering an error.
-Wformat Check format strings of char and wchar_t functions.
-Wimplicit Activate -Wimplicit-function-declaration, -Wimplicit-int.
-Wimplicit-function-declaration
Warn about calling a function without a prior declaration.
-Wimplicit-int
Warn about declarations whose declaration specifiers do not
include a type specifier.
-Winit-self
Warn about uninitialized variables which are initialized with
themselves.
-Wlong-long
Warn if the type ‘long long’ is used.
-Wmain Warn if the type of ‘main’ is suspicious, i.e. if it is not a
non-static function declared as either int main(void),
int main(int, char**) or, as an extension,
int main(int, char**, char**).
-Wmissing-declarations
Warn if a non-static function or a global variable without a
storage class is defined without a prior declaration. This
is typically a sign of a missing #include or that the object
should be static.
-Wmissing-noreturn
Warn about functions, which are candidates for the attribute
‘noreturn’.
-Wmissing-prototypes
Warn if a global function is defined without a previous pro‐
totype declaration.
-Wmultichar
Warn if a multicharacter constant (‘FOOF’) is used.
-Wnested-externs
Warn if an ‘extern’ declaration is encountered within a func‐
tion.
-Wparentheses
Warn if parentheses are omitted in certain contexts. Warn if
an assignment is used as condition, e.g. if (x = 23). Warn
if && without parentheses is used within ||, e.g.
if (x || y && z). Warn if it there may be confusion which
‘if’-statement an ‘else’-branch belongs to, e.g.
if (x) if (y) {} else {}. Warn if cascaded comparisons
appear which do not have their mathematical meaning, e.g.
if (23 <= x < 42). Warn if + or - is used as operand of <<
or >>, e.g. x + y << z.
-Wredundant-decls
Warn about redundant declarations, i.e. multiple declarations
of the same object or static forward declarations which have
no use before their definition.
-Wshadow Warn when a new declaration shadows another declaration with
the same name in an outer scope.
-Wshadow-local
Like -Wshadow, but only warn if the shadowed declaration is
not global, e.g. a local variable shadows a parameter or
another local variable.
-Wunreachable-code
Warn when the compiler determines that a statement (or in
some cases a part thereof) will never be executed.
-Wunused Activate -Wunused-function, -Wunused-label,
-Wunused-parameter, -Wunused-value, -Wunused-variable.
-Wunused-parameter
Warn when a parameter is never used or only ever read to cal‐
culate its own new value, e.g. x = x + 1.
-Wunused-variable
Warn when a variable is never used or only ever read to cal‐
culate its own new value, e.g. x = x + 1.
-w Suppress all warnings.
-I dir Add the directory dir to the paths to be searched for include
files.
-L dir Add the directory dir to the paths to be searched for
libraries.
-Dmacro Define the preprocessor macro macro which will expand to 1.
-Dmacro=defn
Define the preprocessor macro macro and set its expanded
value to defn.
-Umacro Undefine the preprocessor macro macro.
-f option Set a frontend or optimizer option. Use -fhelp to get a list
of supported optimizer options.
-f[no-]diagnostics-show-option
Show the switch, which controls a warning, after each warn‐
ing. Default is on.
-finput-charset=encoding
Select the encoding of the input. Supported values are
ISO_8859-1:1987 (aliases CP819, IBM819, ISO-8859-1,
ISO8859-1, ISO_8859-1, csISOLatin1, iso-ir-100, l1 and
latin1), ISO-8859-15 (aliases ISO8859-15, ISO_8859-15 and
Latin-9), windows-1252 (alias cp1252) and UTF-8 (default).
Case is ignored.
-f[no-]show-column
Show the column number in diagnostic messages.
-fsigned-char
Define ‘char’ to have the same range, representation and be‐
haviour as ‘signed char’.
-funsigned-char
Define ‘char’ to have the same range, representation and be‐
haviour as ‘unsigned char’.
-b option Set a backend option. Use -bhelp to get a list of supported
options.
-l library Link with the specified library.
-o outfile Specify the output filename. This is only valid when using a
single input filename. - as filename uses stdout for output.
-x language
Overwrite the language auto-detection for the following file‐
names by the specified language. Supported values are:
assembler Assembler file
assembler-with-cpp Assembler file, which needs to be prepro‐
cessed
c
c-header C file
c++
c++-header C++ file
none Revert to auto-detection
-Wl,option Pass option to the linker.
-Wp,option Pass option to the preprocessor.
SEE ALSOgcc(1), http://www.libfirm.org/
BUGS
Probably many - if you hit one, please report it.
cparser needs to support more switches for better GCC compatibility.
This manual page is incomplete.
AUTHORScparser was written by Matthias Braun ⟨matze@braunis.de⟩, Christoph
Mallon ⟨christoph.mallon@gmx.de⟩ and Michael Beck.
July 9, 2012
