PROJ(1)PROJ(1)NAMEcs2cs - cartographic coordinate system filter
SYNOPSIScs2cs [ -eEfIlrstvwW [ args ] ] [ +opts[=arg] ]
[ +to [+opts[=arg]] ] file[s]
DESCRIPTION
Cs2cs performs transformation between the source and des
tination cartographic coordinate system on a set of input
points. The coordinate system transformation can include
translation between projected and geographic coordinates
as well as the application of datum shifts.
The following control parameters can appear in any order:
-I method to specify inverse translation, convert from
+to coordinate system to the primary coordinate
system defined.
-ta A specifies a character employed as the first char
acter to denote a control line to be passed through
without processing. This option applicable to
ascii input only. (# is the default value).
-e string
String is an arbitrary string to be output if an
error is detected during data transformations. The
default value is: *\t*. Note that if the -b, -i or
-o options are employed, an error is returned as
HUGE_VAL value for both return values.
-E causes the input coordinates to be copied to the
output line prior to printing the converted values.
-l[p|P|=|e|u|d]id
List projection identifiers with -l, -lp or -lP
(expanded) that can be selected with +proj. -l=id
gives expanded description of projection id. List
ellipsoid identifiers with -le, that can be
selected with +ellps, -lu list of cartesian to
meter conversion factors that can be selected with
+units or -ld list of datums that can be selected
with +datum.
-r This options reverses the order of the expected
input from longitude-latitude or x-y to latitude-
longitude or y-x.
-s This options reverses the order of the output from
x-y or longitude-latitude to y-x or latitude-longi
tude.
-m mult
The cartesian data may be scaled by the mult param
eter. When processing data in a forward projection
mode the cartesian output values are multiplied by
mult otherwise the input cartesian values are
divided by mult before inverse projection. If the
first two characters of mult are 1/ or 1: then the
reciprocal value of mult is employed.
-f format
Format is a printf format string to control the
form of the output values. For inverse projec
tions, the output will be in degrees when this
option is employed. If a format is specified for
inverse projection the output data will be in deci
mal degrees. The default format is "%.2f" for for
ward projection and DMS for inverse.
-[w|W]n
N is the number of significant fractional digits to
employ for seconds output (when the option is not
specified, -w3 is assumed). When -W is employed
the fields will be constant width and with leading
zeroes.
-v causes a listing of cartographic control parameters
tested for and used by the program to be printed
prior to input data. Should not be used with the
-T option.
-V This option causes an expanded annotated listing of
the characteristics of the projected point. -v is
implied with this option.
The +args run-line arguments are associated with carto
graphic parameters and usage varies with projection and
for a complete description see Cartographic Projection
Procedures for the UNIX Environment--A User's Manual ) and
supplementary documentation for Release 4.
The cs2cs program requires two coordinate system defini
tions. The first (or primary is defined based on all pro
jection parameters not appearing after the +to argument.
All projection parameters appearing after the +to argument
are considered the definition of the second coordinate
system. If there is no second coordinate system defined,
a geographic coordinate system based on the datum and
ellipsoid of the source coordinate system is assumed.
Note that the source and destination coordinate system can
both be projections, both be geographic, or one of each
and may have the same or different datums.
Additional projection control parameters may be contained
in two auxilliary control files: the first is optionally
referenced with the +init=file:id and the second is always
processed after the name of the projection has been estab
lished from either the run-line or the contents of +init
file. The environment parameter PROJ_LIB establishes the
default directory for a file reference without an absolute
path. This is also used for supporting files like datum
shift files.
One or more files (processed in left to right order) spec
ify the source of data to be transformed. A - will spec
ify the location of processing standard input. If no
files are specified, the input is assumed to be from
stdin. For input data the two data values must be in the
first two white space separated fields and when both input
and output are ASCII all trailing portions of the input
line are appended to the output line.
Input geographic data (longitude and latitude) must be in
DMS format and input cartesian data must be in units con
sistent with the ellipsoid major axis or sphere radius
units. Output geographic coordinates will be in DMS (if
the -w switch is not employed) and precise to 0.001" with
trailing, zero-valued minute-second fields deleted.
EXAMPLE
The following script
cs2cs +proj=latlong +datum=NAD83
+to +proj=utm +zone=10 +datum=NAD27 -r <<EOF
45d15'33.1" 111.5W
45d15.551666667N -111d30
+45.25919444444 111d30'000w
EOF
will transform the input NAD83 geographic coordinates into
NAD27 coordinates in the UTM projection with zone 10
selected. The geographic values of this example are
equivalent and meant as examples of various forms of DMS
input. The x-y output data will appear as three lines of:
1402285.99 5076292.42 0.000
SEE ALSOproj(1U),
Cartographic Projection Procedures for the UNIX Environ_
ment--A User's Manual, (Evenden, 1990, Open-file report
90-284).
Map Projections Used by the U. S. Geological Survey (Sny
der, 1984, USGS Bulletin 1532).
Map Projections--A Working Manual (Synder, 1988, USGS
Prof. Paper 1395).
An Album of Map Projections (Snyder & Voxland, 1989, USGS
Prof. Paper 1453).
HOME PAGE
http://www.remotesensing.org/proj
2000/03/21 Rel. 4.4 PROJ(1)
