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dmconvert(1)							  dmconvert(1)

NAME
     dmconvert - digital media file conversion utility

SYNOPSIS
     dmconvert [options] infile1 [... infileN] [outfile]

DESCRIPTION
     dmconvert converts between different digital media files.	Input files
     are combined, converted, and written to an output file of a selected
     format.  dmconvert may also be used to describe input files without
     converting to an output file.

     Supported files include the following audio, image, and movie formats.
     The output file format is specified with the -f option, and may be any of
     the formats except those marked describe-only or read-only.

	      Format   Description

     Audio    aifc     Audio Interchange File Format w/ compression
	      aiff     Audio Interchange File Format
	      avr      Audio Visual Research
	      bicsf    Berkeley/IRCAM/CARL Sound File Format
	      iff      Amiga IFF/8SVX
	    d midi     Musical Instrument Digital Interface
	      mpeg1a   MPEG-1 audio bitstream
	      next     NeXT/Sun audio
	      rawaudio Raw audio data
	      sd2      Sound Designer II
	      sf2      Creative Labs SoundFont2 Compatible
	      smp      SampleVision
	      voc      Creative Labs VOC
	      wave     WAVE audio

     Image    bmp      Microsoft Windows Bit Map
	      cur      Microsoft Windows Cursor
	    w eps      Encapsulated PostScript
	      fit      File Format for Image Tiling
	      gif      Graphics Image File
	      hdf      Hierarchical Data Format
	      ico      Microsoft Windows Icon
	      icon     Sun Icon and Cursor
	      jfif     JPEG File Interchange Format
	      mpnt     Apple Macintosh MacPaint
	      pbm      Portable Bit Map
	    r pcd      Kodak PhotoCD
	      pgm      Portable Grayscale Map
	      pic      PIXAR Picture
	      pict     Apple Macintosh QuickDraw/PICT
	      pix      Alias Pixel
	      pnm      Portable Any Map
	      ppm      Portable Pixel Map
	    w ps       PostScript

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	      ras      Sun Raster
	    w rawrgb   Raw pixels packed as rgb
	      rgb      SGI RGB image
	      rgbA     SGI RGB image with generated alpha
	      rgba     SGI RGB image with alpha
	      rla      Wavefront Raster
	      rle      Utah Runlength-encoded
	      rpbm     Raw Portable Bit Map
	      rpgm     Raw Portable Grayscale Map
	      rpnm     Raw Portable Any Map
	      rppm     Raw Portable Pixel Map
	    r soft     SoftImage PIC
	      synu     SDSC Synu
	      tga      Truevision Targa
	      tiff     Tagged Image File Format
	      viff     Khoros Visualization Image File Format
	      x	       Stardent AVS X
	      xbm      X11 Bit Map
	      xwd      X Window Dump

     Movie    avi      AVI movie
	      mpeg1s   MPEG-1 systems bitstream
	      mpeg1v   MPEG-1 video bitstream
	      qt       QuickTime
	      sgimv    SGI movie
	    r difdv    DIF/DV bitstream

     (d = describe-only, r = read-only, w = write-only)

     At most one audio track and one video track is converted for each file.
     Input QuickTime files with multiple tracks are rendered as a single
     combined audio track and a single combined video track.

     The audio track in the output is obtained by concatenating audio tracks
     from the inputs, and likewise for the video track.	 Tracks to be written
     out may be selected and converted with the -p option.

     Sequences of image files may be specified in place of regular filename
     arguments by using special template strings.  These template names
     contain a '#' character, and are defined using the -n option.

     If dmconvert is stopped with SIGINT (<Ctrl C>), a valid output file is
     written with whatever data has been processed.  The signal SIGTERM also
     stops the program, but causes the output to be deleted.

CONTENTS
     The next six sections discuss the many features that are supported.  At
     the end of each section, several examples are provided to illustrate
     program usage.

     Options

									Page 2

dmconvert(1)							  dmconvert(1)

     File Suboptions

     Audio Suboptions

     Video Suboptions

     Template Suboptions

     Conversions with Cosmo Movies

OPTIONS
     -h
	  Display help.	 No output file is generated.

     -D
	  Describe the contents of the files.  No output file is generated.

     -d
	  Describe files as they are converted.

     -s
	  Use short format for describing files.

     -l
	  Use long format for describing files.	 Currently, this provides
	  additional information only for some audio files.

     -q
	  Quiet errors.	 Do not print error messages.

     -v
	  Verbose progress.  Print percentage completed during conversion.

     -f file_format[,suboptions]
	  Output file specification.  File_format may be any of the digital
	  media formats except those that are read-only.  Some file
	  characteristics may be set with the suboptions described in the
	  File Suboptions section.

     -p path[,suboptions]
	  Enable the specified path to the output file.	 Path is a track type
	  and may be "audio" or "video".  Data conversion operations on enabled
	  paths may be characterized by using the suboptions described in the
	  Audio and Video Suboptions sections.

	  If this option is not used, all tracks are enabled by default.  If
	  this option is used, each track to be written out must be explicitly
	  enabled.

     -n template_name[,suboptions]
	  Image sequence templates.  Each filename may be in the form of a

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	  template that specifies a sequence of image files.  This option
	  defines a template_name that may be used subsequently in place
	  of any of the arguments infile1, ..., infileN, or outfile.

	  template_name is a string with '#' characters designating integer
	  indices to be filled in.  The number of '#' characters indicates
	  the minimum field length for each index; left padding with zeros
	  is performed as needed in order to meet this minimum.	 By default,
	  indices start at 0 and increment by 1 until either no more files
	  exist (for inputs) or no more files need to be written (for outputs).
	  A template may be customized using the suboptions described in the
	  Template Suboptions section.

	  If this option is not used, a filename with '#' characters is
	  automatically interpreted as a template if the filename does not
	  already exist as a regular file and, for outputs, if the selected
	  file format is an image format.

     ------------
     * EXAMPLES *
     ------------

     Print help information.
     dmconvert -h

     Describe the input files.
     dmconvert -D -l in.aiff in.rgb in.movie in.mps

     Describe the digital media files in the current directory.
     dmconvert -D -s -q *

     Make an MPEG-1 audio bitstream from an AIFF audio file.
     dmconvert -f mpeg1a -p audio in.aiff out.mpa

     Make an audio/video SGI movie from an AIFF-C audio file and a
     video-only SGI movie.
     dmconvert -f sgimv -p audio -p video in.aifc in.movie out.movie

     Make a video-only QuickTime movie from an audio/video SGI movie.
     dmconvert -f qt -p video in.movie out.mov

     Make a sequence of SGI rgb files from the video track of an SGI movie.
     The output files will be named out00.rgb, out01.rgb, ...
     sh/csh: dmconvert -f rgb -p video -n out##.rgb in.movie out##.rgb
	ksh: dmconvert -f rgb -p video -n out####.rgb in.movie out####.rgb
     Please note that some shells such as ksh require escaping the # character.

     Make an AIFF audio file from a NeXT file and a WAVE file.	Also
     describe the files and print progress information.
     dmconvert -f aiff -p audio -d -v in.next in.wave out.aiff

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FILE SUBOPTIONS
     The file suboptions are specified as a comma-separated list of
     subopt=value pairs.  These provide additional information about the
     output file.  The available suboptions are

     brate
	  overall bitrate of the output file.  Supported for files
	  that use MPEG-1, Cinepak, or Cosmo JPEG compression.	For
	  files that contain only one track, this sets the bitrate
	  of that track.

     loop
	  default looping mode of the output movie during playback
	  ("once", "loop", or "swing").	 Supported for SGI movies.

     interleave
	  granularity in seconds of audio and video interleaving.
	  For example, to write audio and video in alternating chunks
	  of duration 0.5 seconds each, use an interleave value of 0.5.
	  Supported for SGI/QuickTime movies.

     paramfile
	  parameter file for customizing outputs.  Supported for MPEG-1
	  audio, video, and systems bitstreams.	 For an example, see
	  /usr/lib/dmconvert/mpeg1.par.

     ------------
     * EXAMPLES *
     ------------

     Make an MPEG-1 video bitstream at 1.5 Mbps.
     dmconvert -f mpeg1v,brate=1500000 in.movie out.mpv

     Make an SGI movie with a specific looping mode and interleave.
     dmconvert -f sgimv,loop=swing,interleave=0.1 in.movie out.movie

     Make an MPEG-1 systems bitstream using a parameter customization file.
     dmconvert -f mpeg1s,paramfile=mpeg1.par in.movie out.mps

AUDIO SUBOPTIONS
     The audio suboptions are specified as a comma-separated list of
     subopt=value pairs.  These are used to configure the processing of audio
     data from input to output.	 Processing consists of a pipeline of
     individual conversion operations.	Suboptions may be specified in any
     order, but the actual order of operations is given by

       byteord->rate->channels->pcmmap/format/width->compression

     The available suboptions are

     rate

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	  frame rate of the output audio track.	 If the input track
	  has a different rate, automatic rate conversion is performed.
	  For conversions between the standard rates, 8000, 11025, 16000,
	  22050, 32000, 44100, and 48000 Hz, high quality filters are used.
	  For conversions with other rates, simple algorithms of lower
	  quality are used.

	  In the special case of converting from 8012.8210513 Hz audio
	  (common in NeXT files) to a rate other than 8000 Hz, the input
	  samples are automatically interpreted as 8000 Hz so that the
	  high quality filters are used.  To avoid this small pitch shift,
	  first convert to an 8000 Hz sound track (the simple algorithm
	  should be acceptable), then to the desired rate.

     stopatten
	  stopband attenuation of the rate conversion filter (78.0, 96.0,
	  or 120.0 dB); applies only to conversions between the standard
	  rates.  Higher values produce better quality but require more
	  computation.

     transw
	  transition bandwidth of the rate conversion filter (1.0, 10.0,
	  or 20.0 percent); applies only to conversions between the stand-
	  ard rates.  Lower values produce better quality but require more
	  computation.

     chan
	  number of channels in the output audio track (1, 2, or 4).

     pcmmap
	  PCM mapping of the output audio track.  Value may take the form
	  "slope/intercept/minclip/maxclip" or just "slope", which is
	  equivalent to "slope/0/0/0".	This maps output sample
	  values to the range [intercept-slope,intercept+slope].  If
	  minclip<maxclip, clipping to these limits is performed as well.

     format
	  sample format in the output audio track ("2scomp", "unsigned",
	  "float", or "double").

     width
	  sample width in the output audio track (1-32 bits).  Not
	  relevant for float or double sample formats.

     comp
	  compression scheme to apply to the output audio track ("none",
	  "g711a", "g711u", "g722", "g726", "g728", "gsm", "dvi", "mpeg1",
	  or "multirate").  Supported for AIFF-C, NeXT/Sun, VOC, and WAVE
	  files.  Not every compression scheme is supported by each of
	  these.

     brate

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	  bitrate to use for the output audio track.  Supported for
	  MPEG-1 compression.  If the output file has only one track
	  and the file bitrate suboption is also specified, the file
	  bitrate takes precedence.

     layer
	  encoding layer to use for MPEG-1 compression (1, 2).

     chanmode
	  channel mode to use for MPEG-1 or Multirate compression
	  ("stereo", "joint", or "dual").  Related channels should be
	  encoded as "stereo" or "joint".  The latter exploits inter-
	  channel redundancy for better compression.  Independent
	  channels should be encoded as "dual".

     bratepol
	  bitrate policy to use for MPEG-1 or Multirate compression
	  ("fixed", "constqual", or "lossless").  MPEG-1 encoding may
	  operate at either a fixed bitrate or constant quality.
	  Multirate encoding may operate at either constant quality
	  or in lossless mode.

     nmr
	  noise-to-mask-ratio to use for constant quality MPEG-1
	  compression (-13.0 to 13.0 dB).  Zero yields a theoretically
	  imperceptible noise level.  Positive values provide more
	  compression but more noise, and negative values, vice versa.

     byteord
	  byte ordering of the output audio track ("big" or "little"
	  endian).  Supported for uncompressed raw audio output.

     The following suboptions describe the input.

     inraw
	  indicates whether the input files consist of raw audio data
	  ("true" or "false").	If true, no other input file formats
	  are recognized.

     indataoff,inframecnt
	  the data offset in bytes from the beginning of file, and the
	  total number of audio frames.	 Relevant only for raw audio
	  inputs.

     inrate,inchan,informat,inwidth,incomp,inbyteord
	  frame rate, channels, sample format, sample width, compression,
	  and byte ordering of the input.  Relevant only for raw audio
	  inputs.

     inpcmmap
	  the PCM mapping that describes the input sample range.  Value
	  is given in the same form as the output PCM mapping.	Input

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	  clipping will be performed before main conversions such as
	  frame rate, channels, etc.

     ------------
     * EXAMPLES *
     ------------

     Make a 32 KHz AIFF file from an 8KHz input using the highest quality
     rate conversion.
     dmconvert -f aiff -p audio,rate=32000,stopatten=120.0,transw=1.0
     in.aiff out.aiff

     Make a two-channel AIFF file from a mono input.
     dmconvert -f aiff -p audio,chan=2 in.aiff out.aiff

     Make a NeXT file that has float samples.  Scale the samples to the range
     [-5.0,5.0] and also clip values less than -4.5 and greater than 4.5.
     dmconvert -f next -p audio,format=float,pcmmap=5.0/0.0/-4.5/4.5
     in.aiff out.next

     Make an AIFF file that has 8-bit twos-complement samples.
     dmconvert -f aiff -p audio,format=2scomp,width=8 in.aiff out.aiff

     Make an AIFF-C file that uses Layer II MPEG-1 compression at 192 Kbps,
     with the channels encoded under "joint" mode.
     dmconvert -f aifc -p audio,comp=mpeg1,brate=192000,layer=2,chanmode=joint
     in.aiff out.aifc

     Make an AIFF-C MPEG-1 file using constant quality encoding and a low
     noise-to-mask ratio.
     dmconvert -f aifc -p audio,comp=mpeg1,bratepol=constqual,nmr=-10.0
     in.aiff out.aifc

     Make a file of raw audio samples that are written as little-endian.
     dmconvert -f rawaudio -p audio,format=2scomp,width=16,byteord=little
     in.aiff out.raw

     Make a WAVE audio file from raw input samples.  The samples are extracted
     from the middle of the input file, and their characteristics are fully
     described.
     dmconvert -f wave -p audio,inraw=true,indataoff=100,inframecnt=4000,
     inrate=44100,inchan=2,informat=2scomp,inwidth=16,incomp=none,
     inbyteord=big,inpcmmap=30000 in.raw out.wave

VIDEO SUBOPTIONS
     The video suboptions are specified as a comma-separated list of
     subopt=value pairs.  These are used to configure the processing of video
     data from input to output.	 Processing consists of a pipeline of
     individual conversion operations.	Suboptions may be specified in any

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     order, but the actual order of operations is given by

       rate->interlace->layout/orientation->crop->filter->size->compression

     The available suboptions are

     rate
	  frame rate of the output video track.	 If the input track has a
	  different rate, automatic rate conversion is performed.

     ratecvt
	  type of rate conversion to use ("rptdrp" or "inv32").	 Repeat-drop
	  is the simpler scheme.  Inverse 3:2 pulldown may be used to convert
	  30 to 24 fps, or 29.97 to 23.976 fps.

     il
	  interlacing of the output video track.  May be "none" (non-
	  interlaced), "even" (even lines temporally first), or "odd"
	  (odd lines temporally first).

     ilcvt
	  type of interlace conversion to use.	Supported types are

	  "pn_interfield" (odd/even parity to non-interlaced)
	       A non-linear filter is applied between the fields for
	       high quality de-interlacing.

	  "pn_combine" (odd/even parity to non-interlaced)
	       The fields are temporally combined without modification.

	  "np_separate" (non-interlaced to odd/even parity)
	       The fields are temporally separated without modification.

	  "pp_swap" (odd to even parity, or vice versa)
	       The fields are temporally swapped without modification.

     fl
	  frame layout of the output video track.  May be "full" (full
	  frame) or "split" (split fields).  The frame layout indicates
	  how video lines are stored, and is not the same as interlacing,
	  which indicates how the lines are temporally sampled.	 For
	  example, interlaced video may be stored as full frames or split
	  fields, whereas non-interlaced video is usually stored as full
	  frames only.

	  This suboption is supported for image files.	For SGI movies,
	  the frame layout is currently restricted to split fields for
	  interlaced data and full frames for non-interlaced data, so the
	  interlacing suboption also serves to specify the output frame
	  layout.

     or

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	  orientation of images in output video track.	May be "b2t"
	  (bottom-to-top) or "t2b" (top-to-bottom).  Supported for making
	  SGI movies.

     cropl,cropr,cropt,cropb
	  number of pixels to crop from left, right, top, and bottom
	  borders of input images.  For interlaced material, top and
	  bottom cropping should be even numbers.

     filt
	  filter to apply during conversion.  The following values
	  are recognized.

	  "vblur"
	       blur images with vertical 1-2-1 convolution, where the
	       center tap corresponds to the field opposite to that of
	       the outer taps.	Useful for reducing flicker if output
	       images are played back through video.  Supported for
	       making image files and SGI/QuickTime movies.

	  "soft", "softmax"
	       soften images with normal or maximum settings.  Useful
	       as a preprocessing step before compression.  Supported
	       for MPEG-1 movies.

     sx,sy,size
	  size of output image in pixels.  Supported for making image
	  files and movies.  sx and sy are used to specify individual
	  dimensions.  size is used to specify both dimensions, where
	  the value is expressed as WxH (e.g. 640x480) or one of the
	  strings "orig" or "sif".  For interlaced material, the height
	  should be an even number.

     lbox
	  letterboxing flag ("true" or "false").  If false, the input
	  images are scaled as needed to fill the output size, which
	  may require different scale factors in each dimension.  If
	  true, a common scale factor is used and any remaining space
	  is filled with black.	 Supported for making image files and
	  SGI/QuickTime movies.

     comp
	  compression scheme to apply to the output video track ("none",
	  "jpeg", "mvc1", "mvc2", "qt_anim", "qt_video", "qt_cvid",
	  "qt_mjpega", "rle", "rle24" or "huffyuv").  The Compact Video
	  scheme, "qt_cvid", is also known as Cinepak.	The "qt_mjpega"
	  represents Quicktime's Motion JPEG Format A.	Supported for
	  SGI/QuickTime movies. SGI movies cannot use scheme's with the
	  "qt_" prefix.

     engine
	  engine used during the conversion ("cosmo" or "sw").	Supported for

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	  JPEG compression or decompression.

     brate
	  bitrate to use for the output video track.  Supported for MPEG-1,
	  Cinepak, and Cosmo JPEG compression.	If the output file has only
	  one track and the file bitrate suboption is also specified, the
	  file bitrate takes precedence.

     squal
	  spatial quality factor used in compression (0.0 - 1.0).  Supported
	  for SGI/QuickTime movies.  This is useful for setting the spatial
	  quality of video tracks compressed with JPEG or a QuickTime scheme.

     tqual
	  temporal quality factor used in compression (0.0 - 1.0).  Supported
	  for QuickTime movies.	 This is useful for setting the temporal
	  quality of tracks compressed with a QuickTime scheme.

     kdist
	  distance between key frames.	Supported for QuickTime and MPEG-1
	  video compression schemes.  For MPEG-1 this is equivalent to the
	  N parameter, which gives the distance between I frames.

     rdist
	  distance between reference frames.  Supported for MPEG-1 video
	  compression.	This is equivalent to the M parameter, which gives
	  the distance between I or P frames.  For example, the pattern
	  IBBPBBI (M=3,N=6), would be specified by rdist=3 and kdist=6.

     The following suboptions describe the input, and are useful for adding
     information about image files.

     inrate,inil,infl
	  frame rate, interlacing, and frame layout of input images.

     inpixasp
	  pixel aspect ratio of input images.  This is a float defined as
	  the vertical extent of a pixel divided by its horizontal extent.
	  It may also be specified as one of the following strings - "sq"
	  (square pixels), "c525" (CCIR601 525), or "c625" (CCIR601 625).
	  Used in making SGI movies or MPEG-1 movies.

     ------------
     * EXAMPLES *
     ------------

     Make a 23.976 fps MPEG-1 video bitstream from a 29.97 fps SGI movie
     using inverse 3:2 pulldown.
     dmconvert -f mpeg1v -p video,rate=23.976,ratecvt=inv32 in.movie out.mpv

     Make a non-interlaced SGI movie from an even-interlaced SGI movie
     using interfield filtering.

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     dmconvert -f sgimv -p video,il=none,ilcvt=pn_interfield in.movie out.movie

     Make a sequence of split field image files, out0.rgb, out1.rgb, ...,
     from an odd-interlaced SGI movie.
     dmconvert -f rgb -p video,fl=split -n out#.rgb in.movie out#.rgb

     Make a top-to-bottom SGI movie.
     dmconvert -f sgimv -p video,or=t2b in.movie out.movie

     Make an SGI movie by cropping, blurring, and resizing the input video.
     Use letterboxing during the resize.
     dmconvert -f sgimv -p video,cropl=10,cropr=10,filt=vblur,size=320x240,
     lbox=true in.movie out.movie

     Make an SGI movie with JPEG video at 10.0 Mbps, and use Cosmo to assist
     in the compression.
     dmconvert -f sgimv -p video,comp=jpeg,engine=cosmo,brate=10000000
     in.movie out.movie

     Make a QuickTime Cinepak movie at specific spatial and temporal qualities.
     dmconvert -f qt -p video,comp=qt_cvid,squal=0.9,tqual=0.5 in.movie out.mov

     Make a QuickTime Motion JPEG Format A movie which has odd interlaced
     fields.  This is a good format for cross-platform field based movies.
     dmconvert -f qt -p audio -p video,comp=qt_mjpega,il=odd movie out.mov

     Make an MPEG-1 systems bitstream with a video frame pattern IBBPBBI.
     The audio track is also written out.
     dmconvert -f mpeg1s -p audio -p video,kdist=6,rdist=3 in.movie out.mps

     Make an MPEG-1 video bitstream from the input image files in0.rgb,
     in1.rgb, ..., and provide information about the input data.
     dmconvert -f mpeg1v -p video,inrate=15.0,inil=even,infl=split,
     inpixasp=c525 -n in#.rgb in#.rgb out.mpv

TEMPLATE SUBOPTIONS
     The template suboptions are specified as a comma-separated list of
     subopt=value pairs.  These customize how the template name is expanded
     when it is used in place of a regular filename.

     The available suboptions are

     start
	  starting index for the sequence of image files.

     end
	  ending index for the sequence of image files.

     step
	  increment to apply to the construction of indices.

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     ------------
     * EXAMPLES *
     ------------

     Make an SGI movie from the images in.rgb.9, in.rgb.10, and in.rgb.11.
     dmconvert -f sgimv -n in.rgb.#,start=9,end=11,step=1 -p video
     in.rgb.# out.movie

     Make a sequence of ten SGI images from an input movie, and name them
     out01.rgb, out03.rgb, out05.rgb, ..., out19.rgb.
     dmconvert -f rgb -n out##.rgb,start=1,end=19,step=2 -p video
     in.movie out##.rgb

CONVERSIONS WITH COSMO MOVIES
     dmconvert may be used to convert from movies recorded with the Cosmo
     Compress option board (cl_cosmo(3dm)), or to produce movies that are
     playable by Cosmo.

     Cosmo movies are just SGI movies with particular video characteristics.
     No special treatment is necessary to use these movies as input files, but
     certain settings are required for creating movies playable by Cosmo.  The
     output video track should be constructed with comp=jpeg and or=t2b.
     Further, the dimensions, interlacing, and frame rate should match one of
     the following modes.

			width	  height       interlacing   frame rate
			-----	  ------       -----------   ----------
	 NTSC		640	  480 or 496   odd	     29.97
	 CCIR601-525	720	  480 or 496   odd	     29.97
	 PAL		768	  576	       even	     25
	 CCIR601-625	720	  576	       even	     25

     Half-widths and half-heights are also accepted in each mode.

     ------------
     * EXAMPLES *
     ------------

     Make an MPEG-1 movie from a Cosmo movie.
     dmconvert -vf mpeg1s -p audio -p video,sx=320,sy=240 cosmo.movie out.mps

     Make a QuickTime Cinepak movie from a Cosmo movie.
     dmconvert -vf qt -p audio -p video,comp=qt_cvid,sx=320,sy=240,rate=15.0
     cosmo.movie out.mov

     Make a Cosmo movie from another SGI movie.
     dmconvert -vf sgimv -p audio -p video,comp=jpeg,or=t2b,sx=640,sy=480,
     il=odd,rate=29.97 in.movie cosmo.movie

								       Page 13

dmconvert(1)							  dmconvert(1)

NOTES
     In order for some image files to be recognized, the filename should have
     an extension that matches the file format.	 For example, if a Targa file
     "foo" is not recognized, then rename it as "foo.tga".

     MacPaint image files are always written as 576x720.

     Alpha channel is supported only for SGI images and SoftImage PIC files.
     The "rgbA" output file format computes alpha based on pixel luminance.

     Some command-line syntax changes have been made since previous releases.

	 o the "sgirgb" file format is still supported, but the new
	     equivalent is "rgba".
	 o the "-p all" option should no longer be used.  This
	     functionality is available from the "-f file_format",
	     "-p audio", and "-p video" options.
	 o the MPEG-1 "file" suboption is now called "paramfile".

     When reading TIFF images with 16 bits/component, the upper 8 bits are no
     longer ignored.  Its possible to revert to the old behaviour by setting
     the environment variable DMCONVERT_DISABLE_SCALE.

     This version does not support writing DIF/DV files.  A workaround is to
     generate a quicktime file and then convert that to DIF using a separate
     utility (such as the DVlink application included with the DVlink 1394
     card).

     For MPEG-1 movies, the video size defaults to "sif" (320x240) if no other
     size param is specified.

CAVEATS
     dmconvert relies on ImageVision for certain functionality.	 Prior to IRIX
     6.5.25, dmconvert used the ImageVision 2.5 libraries, which rely on the
     DISPLAY environment variable.

     If the DISPLAY environment variable is set to a system that is down,
     dmconvert can hang for a long time prior to doing the conversion.

     A workaround for this is to set the DISPLAY environment variable to the
     local system, so that a connection can be made.  This can be done as
     follows:

     sh	   : DISPLAY="0:0"; export DISPLAY

     csh   : setenv DISPLAY 0:0

     Note that versions of dmconvert shipped with IRIX 6.5.25 or later do not
     have this problem.

								       Page 14

dmconvert(1)							  dmconvert(1)

MPEG CAVEATS
     When converting to MPEG-1 systems streams, conversion of large amounts of
     data (typically over 1 GB) stops with the following message:

     dmconvert: SGI Compression Library error.	mux: buffer underflow; use
     higher systems bitrate

     Increasing the systems bitrate may or may not cause the problem to go
     away. If possible, breaking up the data into chunks and encoding them
     separately should work.

AUTHOR
     Silicon Graphics Computer Systems.	 Portions developed at the San Diego
     Supercomputer Center.

     dmconvert uses the SGI Audio File, Compression, ImageVision, and Movie
     Libraries to access digital media data.

     Many of the image file formats are supported through the San Diego
     Supercomputer Center's image library (libim, libsdsc).  This library is
     available from anonymous ftp at sdsc.edu in the
     /pub/sdsc/graphics/imtools/ directory.  For more information, contact
     info@sdsc.edu.

FILES
     /usr/lib/dmconvert/mpeg1.par -- sample mpeg1 parameter file

SEE ALSO
     dminfo(1), dmplay(1), dmrecord(1),
     soundplayer(1), soundeditor(1),
     imgcopy(1), imginfo(1), imgview(1), imgworks(1),
     mediaconvert(1), movieplayer(1), capture(1), moviemaker(1),
     AFintro(3dm), CLintro(3dm), cl_cosmo(3dm), IL(3il), mvIntro(3dm), mpeg(4)

								       Page 15

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