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     dtlogin(1X)       UNIX System V (1 August 1995)	   dtlogin(1X)

     NAME
	  dtlogin - CDE login service

     SYNOPSIS
	  dtlogin [ -config configuration_file ] [ -daemon ] [ -debug
	  debug_level ] [ -error error_log_file ]
	  [ -nodaemon ] [ -resources resource_file ] [ -server
	  server_entry ] [ -session session_program ]

     DESCRIPTION
	Key Supported Tasks
	  The dtlogin client supports the following key tasks:

	       -  Launch of dtgreet login screen for explicitly
		  managed local and remote displays and XDMCP managed
		  remote displays.

	       -  Access to traditional terminal (character) login
		  from GUI login screen.

	       -  System dependent user authentication and login.

	       -  Launching the selected session.

	  The dtlogin client provides services similar to those
	  provided by init(1M), getty(1M) and login(1) on character
	  terminals: prompting for login and password, authenticating
	  the user, and running a ``session.''

	  A ``session'' is defined by the lifetime of a particular
	  process; in the traditional character-based terminal world,
	  it is the user's login shell process. In the DT context, it
	  is the DT Session Manager.

	  If the DT Session Manager is not used, the typical
	  substitute is either a window manager with an exit option,
	  or a terminal emulator running a shell, where the lifetime
	  of the terminal emulator is the lifetime of the shell
	  process that it is running; thus reducing the X session to
	  an emulation of the character-based terminal session.

	  When the session is terminated, dtlogin resets the X server
	  and (optionally) restarts the whole process.

	  The dtlogin client supports management of remote displays
	  using the X Display Manager Control Protocol, Version 1.0.
	  (XDMCP).

	  When dtlogin receives an Indirect query via XDMCP, it can
	  run a chooser process to perform an XDMCP BroadcastQuery (or
	  an XDMCP Query to specified hosts) on behalf of the display
	  and offer a menu of possible hosts that offer XDMCP display

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     dtlogin(1X)       UNIX System V (1 August 1995)	   dtlogin(1X)

	  management.  This feature is useful with X terminals that do
	  not offer a host menu themselves.

	  Because dtlogin provides the first interface that users see,
	  it is designed to be simple to use and easy to customize to
	  the needs of a particular site.

	Login Window
	  The Login window allows the user to enter a user ID and
	  password, select a startup session and select a startup
	  locale. User may also reset the X server or temporarily
	  suspend the X server to access the character login prompt.

	  Contents of Login window:

	  login field	 Entry field to enter user ID.

	  password field Entry field to enter user password (no-echo).

	  OK		 Authenticate user and launches session.

	  Clear		 Clear login and password field.

	  Options	 Display menu for session, locale, reset and
			 no-windows.

	  Help		 Display help message.

	Login Window - Options Menu
	  Allows user to select locale name and login session type.
	  Also allows user to restart the X server or switch to a
	  character login prompt (for local displays).

	  Contents of Options Menu:

	  Languages	 Show Languages menu.

	  No-windows	 Display character login prompt (local
			 displays only).

	  Reload Login	 Restart X Server and return to login screen.

	  Resources	 Resources to be used

	  Sessions	 Show Sessions menu.

	Login Window - Sessions Menu
	  Allows user to select which session type should be started
	  upon login.

	  Contents of Sessions Menu:

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     dtlogin(1X)       UNIX System V (1 August 1995)	   dtlogin(1X)

	  DT Session	 Start a regular desktop session (Xsession)

	  Fail-safe Session
			 Start a fail-safe session (Xfailsafe)

	Login Window - Languages Menu
	  Selecting the language from the login screen Options menu
	  immediately localizes the login screen and sets LANG for the
	  next session. Login screen localization and LANG return to
	  the default value upon conclusion of the session. The
	  contents of this menu can vary depending upon the locales
	  installed on the system and can be overridden by using the
	  languageList resource. The default locale of C can be
	  overridden using the language resource.

	  The system or languageList locales specified are displayed
	  as menu items in the Languages menu. Alternate text to be
	  displayed may be specified for a given locale name by using
	  the languageName resource.

	Controlling The Server
	  The dtlogin client controls local servers using POSIX
	  signals. SIGHUP is expected to reset the server, closing all
	  client connections and performing other clean up duties.
	  SIGTERM is expected to terminate the server. If these
	  signals do not perform the expected actions, the resources
	  resetSignal and termSignal can specify alternate signals.

	  To control remote servers not using XDMCP, dtlogin searches
	  the window hierarchy on the display and uses the KillClient
	  X protocol request in an attempt to clean up the terminal
	  for the next session.	 This may not actually kill all of the
	  clients, since only those that have created windows are
	  noticed.  XDMCP provides a more sure mechanism; when dtlogin
	  closes its initial connection, the session is over and the
	  terminal is required to close all other connections.

	Controlling Dtlogin
	  The dtlogin client responds to two signals: SIGHUP and
	  SIGTERM.  When sent a SIGHUP, dtlogin rereads the
	  configuration file and the file specified by the servers
	  resource and determines whether entries have been added or
	  removed. If a new entry has been added, dtlogin starts a
	  session on the associated display. Entries that have been
	  removed are disabled immediately, meaning that any session
	  in progress is terminated without notice, and no new session
	  is started.

	  When sent a SIGTERM, dtlogin terminates all sessions in
	  progress and exits. This can be used when shutting down the
	  system.

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     dtlogin(1X)       UNIX System V (1 August 1995)	   dtlogin(1X)

	Internationalization
	  All labels and messages are localizable. The message catalog
	  dtlogin.cat contains the localized representations of the
	  default labels and messages. The dtlogin client reads the
	  appropriate message catalog indicated by the LANG
	  environment variable and displays the localized strings. An
	  option on the authentication screen allows the user to
	  override the default language for the subsequent session. If
	  the authentication screen has been localized for the
	  selected language, it is redisplayed in that language;
	  otherwise, it is displayed in the default language. In
	  either case, the LANG environment variable is set
	  appropriately for the resulting session.

	  The resource language is available in the dtlogin
	  configuration file to change the default language for a
	  display. The resource languageList is available in the
	  dtlogin configuration file to override the default set of
	  languages displayed on the authentication screen.  The
	  resource languageName is available to provide a mapping from
	  locale names to the text displayed on the Language menu.

	Authentication And Auditing
	  The dtlogin client performs traditional local UNIX login and
	  auditing. Additional authentication or auditing function
	  such as Kerberos or B1 may be added by individual vendors.

	X Server Security
	  The X server provides both user-based and host-based access
	  control.

	  By default, dtlogin uses user-based access control to the X
	  server (MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1). This level of security allows
	  access control on a per-user basis. It is based on a scheme
	  where if a client passes authorization data which is the
	  same as the server has, it is allowed access. When a user
	  logs in, this authorization data is by default stored and
	  protected in the $HOME/.Xauthority file.

	  However, using host-based access control mechanisms may be
	  preferable in environments with unsecure networks as user-
	  based access control allows any host to connect, given that
	  it has discovered the private key. Another drawback to
	  user-based access control is that R2 or R3 clients will be
	  unable to connect to the server.

	  The authorize resource controls whether user-based or host-
	  based access control is used by dtlogin.  See also the
	  Xserver, Xsecurity, xhost, and xauth man pages for more
	  information.

     OPTIONS

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	  All options, except -config, specify values that can also be
	  specified in the configuration file as resources. Typically,
	  customization is done via the configuration file rather than
	  command line options. The options are most useful for
	  debugging and one-shot tests.

	  -config configuration_file
		  Specifies a resource file that specifies the
		  remaining configuration parameters. This replaces
		  the dtlogin default Xconfig file. See the Xconfig
		  section for more information.

	  -daemon Specifies ``true'' as the value for the daemonMode
		  resource. This makes dtlogin close all file
		  descriptors, disassociate the controlling terminal
		  and put itself in the background when it first
		  starts up (just like the host of other daemons).

	  -debug debug_level
		  Specifies the numeric value for the debugLevel
		  resource. A non-zero value causes dtlogin to print
		  debugging statements to the terminal; it also
		  disables the daemonMode resource, forcing dtlogin to
		  run synchronously.

	  -error error_log_file
		  Specifies the value for the errorLogFile resource.
		  See the Xerrors section for more information.

	  -nodaemon
		  Specifies ``false'' as the value for the resource.

	  -resources resource_file
		  Specifies the value for the resources resource. See
		  the Xresources section for more information.

	  -server server_entry
		  Specifies the value for the servers resource. See
		  the Xservers section for more information.

	  -udpPort port_number
		  Specifies the value for the requestPort resource.
		  This sets the port-number that dtlogin monitors for
		  XDMCP requests. Since XDMCP uses the registered
		  well-known udp port 177, this resource should
		  probably not be changed except for debugging.

	  -session session_program
		  Specifies the value for the session resource. See
		  the Xsession section for more information.

     RETURN VALUE

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     dtlogin(1X)       UNIX System V (1 August 1995)	   dtlogin(1X)

	  Exit values are:

	  0	  Successful completion.

	  >0	  Error condition occurred.

     RESOURCES
	  The dtlogin client is controlled via the contents of the
	  dtlogin configuration file, the default being
	  /usr/dt/config/Xconfig.  Some resources control the behavior
	  of dtlogin in general, some can be specified for a
	  particular display.

	GENERAL RESOURCES
	  The dtlogin general resources are not display-specific and
	  apply to all displays where appropriate.

	   Name		     Class	   ClassType			  Default
     ______________________________________________________________________________________________
     accessFile		AccessFile	   String	NULL
     authDir		AuthDir		   String	/var/dt
     autoRescan		AutoRescan	   Boolean	True
     daemonMode		DaemonMode	   Boolean	False
     debugLevel		DebugLevel	   Int		0
     errorLogFile	ErrorLogFile	   String	NULL
     errorLogSize	ErrorLogSize	   Int		50
     exportList		ExportList	   String	NULL
     fontPathHead	FontPathHead	   String	NULL
     fontPathTail	FontPathTail	   String	NULL
     keyFile		KeyFile		   String	/usr/dt/config/Xkeys
     lockPidFile	LockPidFile	   Boolean	True
     networkDevice	NetworkDevice	   String	/dev/dtremote
     pidFile		PidFile		   String	NULL
     removeDomainname	RemoveDomainname   Boolean	True
     requestPort	RequestPort	   Int		177
     servers		Servers		   String	:0 Local local /system_dependent_path/X :0
     sysParmsFile	SysParmsFile	   String	/system_dependent_path
     timeZone		TimeZone	   String	NULL
     wakeupInterval	WakeupInterval	   Int		10

	accessFile
	  To prevent unauthorized XDMCP service and to allow
	  forwarding of XDMCP IndirectQuery requests, this file
	  contains a database of hostnames which are either allowed
	  direct access to this machine, or have a list of hosts to
	  which queries should be forwarded to.	 The format of this
	  file is described in the Xaccess section.  If not set, all
	  hosts will be allowed XDMCP service.

	authDir
	  This is a directory name that dtlogin uses to temporarily
	  store authorization files for displays using XDMCP.

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	autoRescan
	  This boolean controls whether dtlogin rescans the
	  configuration file and server file after a session
	  terminates and the files have changed.  You can force
	  dtlogin to reread these files by sending a SIGHUP to the
	  main process.

	daemonMode
	  The dtlogin client can make itself into an unassociated
	  daemon process. This is accomplished by forking and leaving
	  the parent process to exit, then closing file descriptors
	  and releasing the controlling terminal.  This is
	  inconvenient when attempting to debug dtlogin.  Setting this
	  resource to "false" disables daemonMode.

	  If dtlogin is started from /etc/inittab, it should not be
	  run in daemon mode. Otherwise the init process will think it
	  has terminated and will attempt to restart it.

	debugLevel
	  A non-zero value specified for this integer resource enables
	  debugging information to be printed. It also disables daemon
	  mode, which redirects the information into the bit-bucket.
	  dtlogin, which is not normally useful.

	errorLogFile
	  Error output is normally directed at the system console. To
	  redirect it, set this resource to any file name. This file
	  contains any output directed to stderr by Xsetup, Xstartup
	  and Xreset.

	errorLogSize
	  This resource specifies the maximum size of the error log
	  file in kilobytes. When the limit is reached dtlogin will
	  delete the oldest entries in the file until the file size is
	  reduced to 75% of the maximum.

	exportList
	  This resource can contain a set of variable names separated
	  by a space or tab. Each variable named is obtained from the
	  dtlogin environment and loaded into the environment of the
	  server and session. See the Environment section for details.

	fontPathHead
	  This resource value is prepended to the default X server
	  font path.

	fontPathHead
	  This resource value is appended to the default X server font
	  path.

	keyFile

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	  XDM-AUTHENTICATION-1 style XDMCP authentication requires
	  that a private key be shared between dtlogin and the
	  terminal. This resource specifies the file containing those
	  values. Each entry in the file consists of a display name
	  and the shared key. By default, dtlogin does not include
	  support for XDM-AUTHENTICATION-1 because it requires DES,
	  which is not generally distributable.

	lockPidFile
	  This resource controls whether dtlogin uses file locking to
	  prevent multiple instances of dtlogin from executing
	  concurrently.

	networkDevice
	  For remote connections, the value for 'line' in /etc/utmp
	  must also exist as a device in the /dev directory for
	  commands such as finger to operate properly. This resource
	  specifies the pathname of the /dev file dtlogin will create
	  when a remote display connects. For most platforms, the file
	  will be created as a symbolic link to /dev/null.  The
	  specified value must start with "/dev/", otherwise the value
	  is discarded and no file is created.

	pidFile
	  The filename specified is created to contain an ASCII
	  representation of the process-ID of the main dtlogin
	  process. This can be used when seding signals to dtlogin.
	  The dtlogin client also uses file locking to attempt to
	  prevent more than one dtlogin from running on the same
	  machine. See the lockPidFile resource for more information.

	removeDomainname
	  When computing the display name for XDMCP clients, dtlogin
	  typically creates a fully qualified host name for the
	  terminal. As this is sometimes confusing, dtlogin removes
	  the domain name portion of the host name if it is the same
	  as the domain name for the local host when this variable is
	  set.

	requestPort
	  This indicates the UDP port number that dtlogin uses to
	  listen for incoming XDMCP requests. Unless you need to debug
	  the system, leave this with its default value.

	servers
	  This resource either specifies a file name full of server
	  entries, one per line (if the value starts with a slash), or
	  a single server entry.  Each entry indicates a display that
	  should constantly be managed and that is not using XDMCP.

	  The general syntax for each entry is:

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     dtlogin(1X)       UNIX System V (1 August 1995)	   dtlogin(1X)

	       DisplayName DisplayClass DisplayType[@ite] [Command [options]]

	  A typical entry for local display number 0 is:

	       :0 Local local@console /usr/bin/X11/X :0

	       DisplayName
		       The display name must be something that can be
		       passed in the -display option to any X program.
		       This string is used in the display-specific
		       resources to specify the particular display, so
		       be careful to match the names (e.g., use ":0
		       local /usr/bin/X11/X :0" instead of
		       "localhost:0 local /usr/bin/X11/X :0" if your
		       other resources are specified as
		       "Dtlogin._0.session").  A `*' in this field
		       will be expanded to "<hostname>:0" by dtlogin.

	       DisplayClass
		       The display class portion is also used in the
		       display-specific resources as the class portion
		       of the resource. This is useful if you have a
		       large collection of similar displays (a group
		       of X terminals, for example) and want to set
		       resources for groups of them. When using XDMCP,
		       the display is required to specify the display
		       class, so perhaps your X terminal documentation
		       describes a reasonably standard display class
		       string for your device.

	       DisplayType
		       A DisplayType of "local" indicates that an X
		       server should be started for this entry. A
		       value of "remote" indicates to attach to an
		       existing X server.

	       @ite    On local bitmaps, the user may choose a
		       "Command Line Login" option via the login
		       screen, which temporarily suspends the X-server
		       and presents the traditional character "login:"
		       prompt. The user can then log in and perform
		       non-X related tasks. When the user finishes and
		       logs out, the X-server is restarted, and the
		       login screen is redisplayed.

	       In order to support "Command Line Login" mode, the
	       display must have an associated Internal Terminal
	       Emulator (ITE) device. By default, dtlogin associates
	       the ITE device "console" (/dev/console) with display
	       ":0". If your configuration does not match this
	       default, specify "@<device>" for the display(s) with an
	       associated ITE and "@none for all other displays listed

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     dtlogin(1X)       UNIX System V (1 August 1995)	   dtlogin(1X)

	       in the servers file.

	       Command [options]
		       This is the string used to start the X server.
		       The dtlogin client will always connect to the X
		       server using the DisplayName specified, so you
		       might need to specify an explicit connection
		       number as an option to your X server (:0 in the
		       above example).

	sysParmsFile
	  This resource specifies a file containing shell commands,
	  one of which sets the timezone environment variable (TZ) for
	  the system. If the timezone is set via the shell syntax,
	  "TZ=", dtlogin can use this information to set the timezone
	  for the user session.

	timeZone
	  This resource specifies the local time zone for dtlogin.  It
	  is loaded into the environment of dtlogin as the value of
	  the variable TZ and inherited by all subsequent sessions.

	  Some systems maintain a configuration file that contains the
	  timezone setting (ex.	 /etc/src.sh).	See the sysParmsFile
	  resource.

	wakeupInterval
	  If the user selects "Command Line Login" mode from the login
	  screen, dtlogin terminates the X-server and allows the
	  traditional character-based login prompt, "login:" to become
	  visible. If the user does not log in within 2 *
	  wakeupInterval seconds, the X-server is restarted. Once the
	  user has logged in, dtlogin checks every wakeupInterval
	  seconds to see if the user has logged out. If so, the X-
	  server is restarted and the login screen is redisplayed.

     DISPLAY RESOURCES
	  The dtlogin client display resources can be specified for
	  all displays or for a particular display. To specify a
	  particular display, the display name is inserted into the
	  resource name between ``Dtlogin'' and the final resource
	  name segment. For example, Dtlogin.expo_0.startup is the
	  name of the resource defining the startup shell file on the
	  ``expo:0'' display. The resource manager separates the name
	  of the resource from its value with colons, and separates
	  resource name parts with dots, so dtlogin uses underscores
	  for the dots and colons when generating the resource name.

	  Resources can also be specified for a class of displays by
	  inserting the class name instead of a display name. A
	  display that is not managed by XDMCP can have its class
	  affiliation specified in the file referenced by the servers

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	  resource. A display using XDMCP supplies its class
	  affiliation as part of the XDMCP packet.

	    Name	   ClassClass	    Type	   Default
       __________________________________________________________________
       authorize	 Authorize	   Boolean   False
       authName		 AuthName	   String    MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1
       authFile		 AuthFile	   String    NULL
       chooser				   Chooser
       cpp		 Cpp		   String    system dep.
       environment	 Environment	   String    system dep.
       failsafeClient	 FailsafeClient	   String    /system_dep./xterm
       grabServer	 GrabServer	   Boolean   True
       grabTimeout	 GrabTimeout	   Int	     3 seconds
       language		 Language	   String    system dep.
       languageList	 LanguageList	   String    NULL
       languageName	 LanguageName	   String    NULL
       openDelay	 OpenDelay	   Int	     5 seconds
       openRepeat	 OpenRepeat	   Int	     5 seconds
       openTimeout	 OpenTimeout	   Int	     30 seconds
       pingInterval	 PingInterval	   Int	     5 minutes
       pingTimeout	 PingTimeout	   Int	     5 minutes
       reset		 Reset		   String    NULL
       resetForAuth	 ResetForAuth	   Boolean   False
       resetSignal	 Signal		   Int	     1 SIGHUP
       resources	 Resource	   String    NULL
       session		 Session	   String    /usr/dt/bin/Xsession
       setup		 Setup		   String    NULL
       startAttempts	 StartAttempts	   Int	     4
       startup		 Startup	   String    NULL
       systemPath	 SystemPath	   String    system_dep._path
       systemShell	 SystemShell	   String    /bin/sh
       terminateServer	 TerminateServer   Boolean   False
       termSignal	 Signal		   Int	     15 (SIGTERM)
       userAuthDir	 UserAuthDir	   String    /var/dt
       userPath		 UserPath	   String    system_dep._path
       xdmMode		 XdmMode	   Boolean   False
       xrdb		 Xrdb		   String    /system_dep./xrdb

	authorize
	  Authorize is a boolean resource that controls whether
	  dtlogin generates and uses authorization for the server
	  connections. (See authName.)

	authName
	  If authorize is used, authName specifies the type of
	  authorization to be used. Currently, dtlogin supports only
	  MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 authorization, XDM-AUTHORIZATION-1 could
	  be supported, but DES is not generally distributable. XDMCP
	  connections state which authorization types are supported
	  dynamically, so authName is ignored in this case.  (See
	  authorize.)

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	authFile
	  This file is used to communicate the authorization data from
	  dtlogin to the server, using the -auth server command line
	  option. It should be kept in a write- protected directory to
	  prevent its erasure, which would disable the authorization
	  mechanism in the server. If NULL, dtlogin will generate a
	  file name.

	chooser
	  Specifies the program run to offer a host menu for indirect
	  queries redirected to the special host name CHOOSER.
	  /usr/dt/bin/dtchooser is the default. See the Xaccess
	  section.

	cpp
	  This specifies the path of the C preprocessor that is used
	  by xrdb.

	environment
	  This resource can contain a set of <name>=<value> pairs
	  separated by a space or tab. Each item is loaded into the
	  environment of the server and session. See the Environment
	  section for details.

	failsafeClient
	  If the default session fails to execute, dtlogin falls back
	  to this program. This program is executed with no arguments,
	  but executes using the same environment variables as the
	  session would have had.  (See The Xfailsafe File.)

	grabServer
	  See grabTimeout.

	grabTimeout
	  To improve security, dtlogin grabs the server and keyboard
	  while reading the name and password. The grabServer resource
	  specifies if the server should be held while the name and
	  password is read. When FALSE, the server is ungrabbed after
	  the keyboard grab succeeds; otherwise, the server is grabbed
	  until just before the session begins.	 The grabTimeout
	  resource specifies the maximum time dtlogin will wait for
	  the grab to succeed. The grab may fail if some other client
	  has the server grabbed, or possibly if the network latencies
	  are very high. The grabTimeout resource has a default of 3
	  seconds; be cautious when using this resource, since a user
	  can be deceived by a look-alike window on the display. If
	  the grab fails, dtlogin kills and restarts the server (if
	  possible) and session.

	  Some X-terminals cannot display their login screens while
	  the server is grabbed. Setting grabServer to false will
	  allow the screen to be displayed, but opens the possibility

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	  that a user's login name can be stolen by copying the
	  contents of the login screen. Since the keyboard is still
	  grabbed and the password is not echoed, the password cannot
	  be stolen.

	language
	  This resource specifies the default setting for the LANG
	  environment variable.	 If the dtlogin screen is localized
	  for that language, it is displayed appropriately; otherwise,
	  it is displayed in the language "C". The user may
	  temporarily override this setting via an option on the login
	  screen. When the subsequent session terminates, the LANG
	  variable reverts to this setting.

	languageList
	  This resource allows the user to override the default set of
	  languages displayed in the "Language" menu of the login
	  screen. It is useful if the set of languages actually used
	  on a particular display is smaller than the set installed on
	  the system. The resource value is a list of valid values for
	  the LANG environment variable. Language values should be
	  separated by one or more spaces or tabs.

	languageName
	  This resource allows the user to override the default locale
	  name displayed in the "Language" menu of the login screen
	  with alternate text. This way, instead of users seeing a
	  "En_US" item, they could see a "English (United States)"
	  item instead. This resource is specified as "Dtlogin
	  *<locale name>. languageName: text" as follows:

	       Dtlogin*En_US.languageName: English (United States)
	       Dtlogin*Fr_CA.languageName: French (Canadian)

	openDelay
	  See startAttempts

	openRepeat
	  See startAttempts

	openTimeout
	  See startAttempts

	pingInterval
	  See pingTimeout

	pingTimeout
	  To discover when remote displays disappear, dtlogin
	  occasionally "pings" them, using an X connection and sending
	  XSync requests. The pingInterval resource specifies the time
	  (in minutes) between successive ping attempts, and
	  pingTimeout specifies the maximum wait time (in minutes) for

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	  the terminal to respond to the request. If the terminal does
	  not respond, the session is terminated.  The dtlogin client
	  does not ping local displays. Although it may seem harmless,
	  it is undesirable when a local session is terminated as a
	  result of the server waiting (for remote filesystem service,
	  for example) and not responding to the ping.

	reset
	  This specifies a program that is run (as root) after the
	  session terminates. If not set, no program is run. The
	  conventional name is Xreset. See The Xreset File.

	resetForAuth
	  The original implementation of authorization in the sample
	  server reread the authorization file at server reset time,
	  instead of when checking the initial connection.  Since
	  dtlogin generates the authorization information just before
	  connecting to the display, an old server does not get
	  current authorization information. This resource causes
	  dtlogin to send SIGHUP to the server after setting up the
	  file, causing an additional server reset to occur, during
	  which time the new authorization information is read.

	resetSignal
	  This resource specifies the signal dtlogin sends to reset
	  the server.  See the section Controlling The Server

	resources
	  This resource specifies the name of the file to be loaded by
	  xrdb (1) as the resource data-base onto the root window of
	  screen 0 of the display. This resource data base is loaded
	  just before the authentication procedure is started, so it
	  can control the appearance of the "login" window. See the
	  section on the authentication screen, which describes the
	  various resources that are appropriate to place in this
	  file. There is no default value for this resource, but the
	  conventional name is Xresources. See the Resource section.

	session
	  This specifies the session to be executed for the
	  authenticated user.  By default, the /usr/dt/bin/Xsession
	  file is run. The conventional name is Xsession. See The
	  Xsession File.

	setup
	  This specifies a program that is run (as root) prior to the
	  display of the authentication screen. By default, no program
	  is run. The conventional name for a file used here is
	  Xsetup. See the Xsetup section.

	startAttempts
	  Four numeric resources control the behavior of dtlogin when

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	  attempting to open reluctant servers: openDelay, openRepeat,
	  openTimeout, and startAttempts. openDelay is the duration
	  (in seconds) between successive attempts; openRepeat is the
	  number of attempts to make; openTimeout is the amount of
	  time to wait while actually attempting the opening (i.e.,
	  the maximum time spent in the connect (2) syscall); and
	  startAttempts is the number of times the entire process
	  occurs before giving up on the server. After openRepeat
	  attempts have been made, or if openTimeout seconds elapse in
	  any particular attempt, dtlogin terminates and restarts the
	  server, attempting to connect again. This process is
	  repeated startAttempts time, at which point the display is
	  declared dead and disabled. (See openDelay, openRepeat, and
	  openTimeout.)

	startup
	  This specifies a program that is run (as root) after the
	  authentication process succeeds.  By default, no program is
	  run. The conventional name for a file used here is Xstartup.
	  See the Xstartup section.

	systemPath
	  The dtlogin client sets the PATH environment variable for
	  the startup and reset scripts to the value of this resource.
	  Note the conspicuous absence of "." from this entry.	This
	  is a good practice to follow for root; it avoids many system
	  penetration schemes.

	systemShell
	  The dtlogin client sets the SHELL environment variable for
	  the startup and reset scripts to the value of this resource.

	terminateServer
	  This boolean resource specifies whether the X server should
	  be terminated when a session terminates (instead of
	  resetting it). This option can be used if the server tends
	  to grow without bound over time in order to limit the amount
	  of time the server is run continuously.

	termSignal
	  This resource specifies the signal dtlogin sends to
	  terminate the server. See the section Controlling The Server

	userAuthDir
	  When dtlogin cannot write to the usual user authorization
	  file ( $HOME/.Xauthority), it creates a unique file name in
	  this directory and points the environment variable
	  XAUTHORITY at the created file.

	userPath
	  The dtlogin client sets the PATH environment variable for
	  the session to this value. It should be a colon-separated

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	  list of directories; see sh(1) for a full description.

	xdmMode
	  If True, the $HOME/.xsession file will be executed from
	  Xsession upon user authentication, rather than dtsession.

	xrdb
	  Specifies the program used to load the resources.  The
	  authentication screen reads a name-password pair from the
	  keyboard. As this is a Motif toolkit client, colors, fonts
	  and some layout options can be controlled with resources.
	  General resources for this screen should be put into the
	  file named by the dtlogin resources resource, the default
	  being Xresources.  Language specific values such as text or
	  fonts should be specified in the Dtlogin app-defaults file.

	Logo Resources
		Name	       ClassClass      Type	   Default
	   __________________________________________________________
	   bitmapFile	     BitmapFile	       String	NULL
	   background	     Background	       Pixel	#a8a8a8
	   topShadowPixmap   TopShadowPixmap   String	25_foreground

	  The default logo on the authentication screen may be
	  replaced with a bitmap or pixmap of the user's choice. The
	  resources should be prefaced with the string Dtlogin*logo*
	  when specified.

	       bitmapFile
		       Specifies the absolute path name to the bitmap
		       or pixmap file to be used for the logo.

	       background
		       Specifies the background color for the logo.

	       topShadowPixmap
		       Specifies the pixmap to use for the logo border
		       shadow.

	  The following resources describe the greeting string used on
	  the login screen. The resources should be prefaced with the
	  string Dtlogin*greeting* when specified.

	  Name	       ClassClass     Type		      Default
     _______________________________________________________________________________
     foreground	       Foreground    Pixel	black
     background	       Background    Pixel	dynamic
     fontList	       FontList	     FontList	-*-*schoolbook-medium-i-normal--18-*
     labelString       LabelString   String	Welcome to %LocalHost%
     persLabelString   LabelString   String	Welcome %s

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     alignment	       Alignment     String	ALIGNMENT_CENTER

	       foreground
		       Specifies the foreground color for the welcome
		       message.

	       background
		       Specifies the background color for the welcome
		       message. The default is light-gray for color
		       systems or white for monochrome systems.

	       fontList
		       Specifies the font to use for the welcome
		       message.

	       labelString
		       Specifies the string to use for the welcome
		       message. Multiple lines can be specified by
		       including newline characters (0 in the text. If
		       the token %LocalHost" is included in the text,
		       it will be replaced with the name of the host
		       providing login service. If the token
		       %DisplayName% is included in the text, it will
		       be replaced with the display name.

	       persLabelString
		       Specifies the string to use for the
		       personalized welcome message. This is the
		       message displayed after the use name has been
		       entered. The %s will be replaced with the user
		       name entered.

	       alignment
		       Specifies the string to use for the alignment
		       of the Welcome message. Valid values are
		       ALIGNMENT_BEGINNING, ALIGNMENT_CENTER and
		       ALIGNMENT_END.

	Matte Resources
	  The following resources describe the matte layout used on
	  the login screen. The resources should be prefaced with the
	  string Dtlogin*matte.	 when specified.

	     Name    ClassClass	  Type		   Default
	    ________________________________________________________
	    width    Width	  Int	  806 for Highres displays
					  755 for Mediumres displays
					  585 for lowres displays
	    height   Height	  Int	  412 for Highres displays
					  385 for Mediumres displays

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					  300 for Lowres displays

	       width   Specifies the width to use for the login_matte.

	       height  Specifies the height to use for the
		       login_matte.  The following resources describe
		       the fonts layout used on the login screen. The
		       resources should be prefaced with the string
		       Dtlogin*. when specified.

	Label Resources
       Name	 ClassClass   Type				     Default
     _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
     labelFont	 LabelFont    String   -*-swiss 742-bold-r-normal-*-140-*-p-100-* for lowres displays
				       -*-swiss 742-medium-r-normal-*-140-*-p-110-* for high res displays.
     textFont	 TextFont     String   -*-prestige-medium-r-normal-*-128-72-* for highres diqsplays.
				       -*-helvetica-bold-r-normal-*-100-* for lowres displays

	       labelFont
		       Specifies the labelFont to use for the
		       pushButtons and labels.

	       textFont
		       Specifies the textFont to use for the
		       pushButtons and labels.

     ENVIRONMENT
	  The dtlogin client invokes the user's session with the
	  following default environment:

	DISPLAY
	  is set to the associated display name

	EDITOR
	  is set to /usr/dt/bin/dtpad

	HOME
	  is set to the home directory of the user

	KBD_LANG
	  is set to the value of LANG for applicable languages

	LANG
	  is set to the current NLS language (if any)

	LC_ALL
	  is set to the current NLS language (if any)

	LC_MESSAGES
	  is set to the current NLS language (if any)

	LOGNAME

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	  is set to the user name

	MAIL
	  is set to /usr/mail/$USER (system dependent)

	PATH
	  is set to the value of the userPath resource

	USER
	  is set to the user name

	SHELL
	  is set to the user's default shell (from /etc/passwd)

	TERM
	  is set to dtterm

	TZ
	  is set to the value of the timeZone resource or system
	  default

	XAUTHORITY
	  may be set to an authority file

	Adding to the Environment List
	  Four methods are available to modify or add to this list
	  depending on the desired scope of the resulting environment
	  variable.

	  The exportList resource is available to allow the export of
	  variables provided to the dtlogin process by its parent.
	  Variables specified by this method are available to both the
	  display's X server process and the user's session and
	  override any default settings. The resource accepts a string
	  of <name> separated by at least one space or tab.

	  The environment resource is available in the dtlogin
	  configuration file to allow setting of environment variables
	  on a global or per-display basis.  Variables specified by
	  this method are available to both the display's X server
	  process and the user's session and override any default
	  settings. The resource accepts a string of <name>=<value>
	  pairs separated by at least one space or tab. The values
	  specified must be constants because no shell is used to
	  parse the string. See the Resources section for details on
	  setting this resource.

	  For example:

	       Dtlogin*environment:MAIL_HOST=blanco MAIL_SERVER=pablo

	  Note: The environment variables LANG and TZ have their own

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	  dedicated resources in the configuration file and should not
	  be set via environment.

	  Environment variables that require processing by a shell or
	  are dependent on the value of another environment variable
	  can be specified in the startup script Xsession. These
	  variables are loaded into the environment of all users on
	  the display, but not to the X server process. They override
	  any previous settings of the same variable. The Xsession
	  script accepts ksh syntax for setting environment variables.
	  For example:

	       MAIL=/usr/mail/$USER

	  Finally, personal environment variables can be set on a
	  per-user basis in the script file $HOME/.dtprofile.

	  The dtlogin client accepts either sh, ksh, or csh syntax for
	  the commands in this file. The commands should only be those
	  that set environment variables, not any that perform
	  terminal I/O, excepting tset(1) or stty(1).  If the first
	  line of .dtprofile is #!/bin/sh, #!/bin/ksh, or #!/bin/csh,
	  dtlogin uses the appropriate shell to parse .dtprofile.
	  Otherwise, the user's default shell ($SHELL) is used.

     FILES
	  The dtlogin client is designed to operate in a wide variety
	  of environments and provides a suite of configuration files
	  that can be changed to suit a particular system. The default
	  dtlogin configuration files can be found in /usr/dt/config
	  with the exception of Xsession which is stored in
	  /usr/dt/bin.	They are listed below:

	  Xconfig	 specifies other dtlogin configuration files
			 and dtlogin behavior

	  Xaccess	 used by dtlogin to control access from
			 displays requesting XDMCP service

	  Xservers	 contains the list of displays to for dtlogin
			 to explicitly manage

	  Xresources	 contains resource definitions specifying the
			 appearance of the login screen

	  Xsetup	 a script executed as `root' prior to display
			 of the login screen

	  Xstartup	 a script executed as `root' after user has
			 successfully authenticated

	  Xsession	 a script executed as the authenticated `user'

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			 that starts the user's session

	  Xfailsafe	 a script executed as the authenticated `user'
			 that starts a failsafe session

	  Xreset	 a script executed as `root' after the user's
			 session has exited

	The Xconfig File
	  The Xconfig file contains the general resources for dtlogin
	  and is the top of the dtlogin configuration file tree.
	  Xconfig specifies the location of other dtlogin
	  configuration and log files and specifies dtlogin behavior.
	  The location of other dtlogin configuration and log files
	  are specified by resource definitions. The defaults are
	  listed below:

	  Dtlogin.errorLogFile:	   /var/dt/Xerrors

	  Dtlogin.pidFile:	   /var/dt/Xpid

	  Dtlogin.accessFile:	   Xaccess

	  Dtlogin.servers:	   Xservers

	  Dtlogin*resources:	   %L/Xresources

	  Dtlogin*setup:	   Xsetup

	  Dtlogin*startup:	   Xstartup

	  Dtlogin*reset:	   Xreset

	  Dtlogin*failsafeClient   Xfailsafe

	  Dtlogin*session	   /usr/dt/bin/Xsession

	  If the path specified for accessFile, servers, resources,
	  setup, startup, reset, failsafeClient, or session is
	  relative, dtlogin will first look for the file in directory
	  /etc/dt/config, then /usr/dt/config.

	  Note that some of the resources are specified with ``*''
	  separating the components. These resources can be made
	  unique for each different display, by replacing the ``*''
	  with the display-name. See the DISPLAY RESOURCES section for
	  a complete discussion.

	  The default Xconfig file is /usr/dt/config/Xconfig.  A
	  system administrator can customize Xconfig by copying
	  /usr/dt/config/Xconfig to /etc/dt/config/Xconfig and
	  modifying /etc/dt/config/Xconfig.

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	  The default Xconfig file contains the configuration and log
	  file entries shown above as well as a few vendor specific
	  resource definitions and examples. See the GENERAL RESOURCES
	  and DISPLAY RESOURCES sections for the complete list of
	  resources that can be defined in Xconfig.

	The Xaccess File
	  The database file specified by the accessFile resource
	  provides information which dtlogin uses to control access
	  from displays requesting XDMCP service. This file contains
	  three types of entries:  entries which control the response
	  to Direct and Broadcast queries, entries which control the
	  response to Indirect queries, and macro definitions.

	  The format of a Direct entry is either a host name or a
	  pattern. A pattern is distinguished from a host name by the
	  inclusion of one or more meta characters (`*' matches any
	  sequence of 0 or more characters, and `?'  matches any
	  single character) which are compared against the host name
	  of the display device. If the entry is a host name, all
	  comparisons are done using network addresses, so any name
	  which converts to the correct network address may be used.
	  For patterns, only canonical host names are used in the
	  comparison, so ensure that you do not attempt to match
	  aliases. Preceding either a host name or a pattern with a
	  `!'  character causes hosts which match that entry to be
	  excluded.

	  An Indirect entry also contains a host name or pattern, but
	  follows it with a list of host names or macros to which
	  indirect queries should be sent. Indirect entries may also
	  specify to have dtlogin run dtchooser to offer a menu of
	  hosts to which a login screen can be displayed.

	  A macro definition contains a macro name and a list of host
	  names and other macros that the macro expands to.  To
	  distinguish macros from hostnames, macro names start with a
	  `%' character.  Macros may be nested.

	  When checking access for a particular display host, each
	  entry is scanned in turn and the first matching entry
	  determines the response.  Direct and Broadcast entries are
	  ignored when scanning for an Indirect entry and vice-versa.

	  Blank lines are ignored, `#' is treated as a comment
	  delimiter causing the rest of that line to be ignored, and
	  `\newline' causes the newline to be ignored, allowing
	  indirect host lists to span multiple lines.

	  Here is an example Xaccess file: DJB

	       #

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	       # Xaccess - XDMCP access control file
	       #

	       #
	       # Direct/Broadcast query entries
	       #
	       !xtra.lcs.mit.edu # disallow direct/broadcast service for xtra
	       bambi.ogi.edu	 # allow access from this particular display
	       *.lcs.mit.edu	 # allow access from any display in LCS

	       #
	       # Indirect query entries
	       #

	       #define %HOSTS macro
	       %HOSTS		     expo.lcs.mit.edu xenon.lcs.mit.edu \
					      excess.lcs.mit.edu kanga.lcs.mit.edu

	       #force extract to contact xenon
	       extract.lcs.mit.edu xenon.lcs.mit.edu

	       #disallow indirect access by xtra
	       !xtra.lcs.mit.edu   dummy

	       #all others get to choose among %HOSTS
	       *.lcs.mit.edu	   %HOSTS

	  If XDMCP access is granted, a temporary file may be created
	  in the directory specified by authDir which contains
	  authorization information for the X-terminal. It is deleted
	  when the session starts.

	  For X terminals that do not offer a host menu for use with
	  Broadcast or Indirect queries, the chooser program can do
	  this for them.  In the Xaccess file, specify ``CHOOSER'' as
	  the first entry in the Indirect host list.  Chooser will
	  send a Query request to each of the remaining host names in
	  the list and offer a menu of all the hosts that respond.

	  The list may consist of the word ``BROADCAST,'' in which
	  case chooser will send a Broadcast instead, again offering a
	  menu of all hosts that respond.  Note that on some operating
	  systems, UDP packets cannot be broadcast, so this feature
	  will not work.

	  Example Xaccess file using chooser:

	  #offer a menu of these hosts to extract
	  extract.lcs.mit.edu CHOOSER %HOSTS

	  #offer a menu of all hosts to xtra
	  xtra.lcs.mit.edu    CHOOSER BROADCAST

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	  The program to use for chooser is specified by the chooser
	  resource.  Resources for this program can be put into the
	  file named by resources.

	  The default Xaccess file is /usr/dt/config/Xaccess.  A
	  system administrator can customize Xaccess by copying
	  /usr/dt/config/Xaccess to /etc/dt/config/Xaccess and
	  modifying /etc/dt/config/Xaccess.

	  The default Xaccess file contains no entries.

	The Xservers File
	  Contains the list of displays to manage. See the servers
	  resource description under GENERAL RESOURCES for more
	  information.

	  The default Xservers file is /usr/dt/config/Xservers.	 A
	  system administrator can customize Xservers by copying
	  /usr/dt/config/Xservers to /etc/dt/config/Xservers and
	  modifying /etc/dt/config/Xservers.

	  The default Xservers file contains an entry for one local
	  display.

	The Xresources File
	  Contains the resource definitions specifying the appearance
	  of the login screen. See the dtgreet specification for more
	  information.

	  The default Xresources file is /usr/dt/config/Xresources.  A
	  system administrator can customize Xresources by copying
	  /usr/dt/config/Xresources to /etc/dt/config/Xresources and
	  modifying /etc/dt/config/Xresources.

	The Xsetup File
	  This file is typically a shell script. It is run as "root"
	  and should be very careful about security. This script is
	  run before the login screen is displayed. No arguments of
	  any kind are passed to the script.  Dtlogin waits until this
	  script exits before displaying the login screen.

	  The default Xsetup file is /usr/dt/config/Xsetup.  A system
	  administrator can customize Xsetup by copying
	  /usr/dt/config/Xsetup to /etc/dt/config/Xsetup and modifying
	  /etc/dt/config/Xsetup.

	  The default Xsetup file contains vendor specific code but
	  typically contains code that sets up the X server prior to
	  the display of the login screen, such as setting up keyboard
	  maps.

	The Xstartup File

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	  This file is typically a shell script. It is run as "root"
	  and should be very careful about security. This is the place
	  to put commands that display the message of the day or do
	  other system-level functions on behalf of the user. Various
	  environment variables are set for the use of this script:

	  DISPLAY	 set to the associated display name

	  HOME		 set to the home directory of the user

	  PATH		 set to the value of the systemPath resource

	  USER		 set to the user name

	  SHELL		 set to the value of the systemShell resource

	  No arguments of any kind are passed to the script. Dtlogin
	  waits until this script exits before starting the user
	  session. If the exit value of this script is non-zero,
	  dtlogin discontinues the session immediately and starts
	  another authentication cycle.

	  The default Xstartup file is /usr/dt/config/Xstartup.	 A
	  system administrator can customize Xstartup by copying
	  /usr/dt/config/Xstartup to /etc/dt/config/Xstartup and
	  modifying /etc/dt/config/Xstartup.

	  The default Xstartup file contains code to change ownership
	  of /dev/console to the user whose session is running on the
	  console.

	The Xsession File
	  This script initializes a user's session and invokes the
	  desktop session manager. It is run with the permissions of
	  the authorized user, and has several environment variables
	  pre-set. See the Environment section for a list of the pre-
	  set variables.

	  The default Xsession file is /usr/dt/bin/Xsession.  A system
	  administrator can customize Xsession by copying
	  /usr/dt/bin/Xsession to /etc/dt/config/Xsession and
	  modifying /etc/dt/config/Xsession.  The session resource
	  defined in Xconfig must also be changed to reference the
	  customized Xsession file. See the Xconfig section for
	  information on how to update the Xconfig file.

	  The default Xsession file contains session initialization
	  code. It does contain some vendor specific code but its
	  general function is as follows:

	       -  Sources the user's $HOME/.dtprofile

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	       -  Sources any /etc/dt/config/Xsession.d/* scripts

	       -  Sources any /usr/dt/config/Xsession.d/* scripts

	       -  Launches in the background the desktop welcome
		  client, dthello

	       -  Sources the application search path setup script,
		  dtsearchpath

	       -  Launches in the background the help setup client,
		  dthelpgen

	       -  Launches in the background the application manager
		  directory setup client, dtappgather

	       -  Execs the desktop session manager, dtsession

	  System administrators are discouraged from customizing the
	  Xsession file.

	The Xreset File
	  Symmetrical with Xstartup, this script is run after the user
	  session has terminated. Run as root, it should probably
	  contain commands that undo the effects of commands in
	  Xstartup, such as unmounting directories from file servers.
	  The collection of environment variables that were passed to
	  Xstartup are also given to Xreset.

	  The default Xreset file is /usr/dt/config/Xreset.  A system
	  administrator can customize Xreset by copying
	  /usr/dt/config/Xreset to /etc/dt/config/Xreset and modifying
	  /etc/dt/config/Xreset.

	  The default Xreset file contains code change ownership of
	  /dev/console back to root.

     STATUS FILES
	The Xerrors File
	  Contains error messages from dtlogin and anything output to
	  stderr by Xsetup, Xstartup or Xreset.	 The system
	  administrator can use the contents of this file for dtlogin
	  troubleshooting. The errorLogSize resource limits the size
	  of the Xerrors file and can prevent it from growing without
	  bound.

	  A system administrator can change the pathname of the
	  Xerrors file by setting the errorLogFile resource in the
	  Xconfig file. See the Xconfig section for information on how
	  to update the Xconfig file.

	The Xpid File

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	  Contains the process ID of the master dtlogin process which
	  can be used when sending signals to dtlogin.	A system
	  administrator can change the pathname of the Xpid file by
	  setting the pidFile resource in the Xconfig file. See the
	  Xconfig section for information on how to update the Xconfig
	  file.

     ERROR MESSAGES
	       -  Login incorrect; please try again.

	       -  Unable to change to home directory.

	       -  Sorry. Maximum number of users already logged in.

	       -  Login error, invalid user ID.

	       -  Login error, invalid group ID.

	       -  Login error, invalid audit ID.

	       -  Login error, invalid audit flag.

	       -  Logins are currently disabled.

	       -  Your current password has expired.

     Page 27					      (printed 9/3/04)

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