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DU(1)				 User Commands				 DU(1)

NAME
       du - estimate file space usage

SYNOPSIS
       du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
       du [OPTION]... --files0-from=F

DESCRIPTION
       Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.

       Mandatory  arguments  to	 long  options are mandatory for short options
       too.

       -a, --all
	      write counts for all files, not just directories

       --apparent-size
	      print apparent sizes,  rather  than  disk	 usage;	 although  the
	      apparent	size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes
	      in (`sparse') files, internal  fragmentation,  indirect  blocks,
	      and the like

       -B, --block-size=SIZE
	      scale  sizes  by	SIZE before printing them.  E.g., `-BM' prints
	      sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes.  See SIZE format below.

       -b, --bytes
	      equivalent to `--apparent-size --block-size=1'

       -c, --total
	      produce a grand total

       -D, --dereference-args
	      dereference only symlinks that are listed on the command line

       --files0-from=F
	      summarize disk usage of the NUL-terminated file names  specified
	      in file F; If F is - then read names from standard input

       -H     equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)

       -h, --human-readable
	      print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)

       --si   like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024

       -k     like --block-size=1K

       -l, --count-links
	      count sizes many times if hard linked

       -m     like --block-size=1M

       -L, --dereference
	      dereference all symbolic links

       -P, --no-dereference
	      don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default)

       -0, --null
	      end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline

       -S, --separate-dirs
	      do not include size of subdirectories

       -s, --summarize
	      display only a total for each argument

       -x, --one-file-system
	      skip directories on different file systems

       -X, --exclude-from=FILE
	      exclude files that match any pattern in FILE

       --exclude=PATTERN
	      exclude files that match PATTERN

       -d, --max-depth=N
	      print the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if it
	      is  N  or	 fewer	levels	below  the  command   line   argument;
	      --max-depth=0 is the same as --summarize

       --time show time of the last modification of any file in the directory,
	      or any of its subdirectories

       --time=WORD
	      show time as WORD instead of modification time:  atime,  access,
	      use, ctime or status

       --time-style=STYLE
	      show  times  using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, +FORMAT
	      FORMAT is interpreted like `date'

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
	      output version information and exit

       Display	values	are  in	 units	of  the	 first	available  SIZE	  from
       --block-size,  and the DU_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environ‐
       ment variables.	Otherwise, units default to  1024  bytes  (or  512  if
       POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).

       SIZE  is	 an  integer and optional unit (example: 10M is 10*1024*1024).
       Units are K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y (powers of 1024) or KB, MB, ...	 (pow‐
       ers of 1000).

PATTERNS
       PATTERN	is  a shell pattern (not a regular expression).	 The pattern ?
       matches any one character, whereas * matches any	 string	 (composed  of
       zero,  one  or  multiple	 characters).  For example, *.o will match any
       files whose names end in .o.  Therefore, the command

	      du --exclude='*.o'

       will skip all files and subdirectories ending in .o (including the file
       .o itself).

AUTHOR
       Written	by  Torbjorn  Granlund,	 David MacKenzie, Paul Eggert, and Jim
       Meyering.

REPORTING BUGS
       Report du bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
       GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
       Report du translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.	 License  GPLv3+:  GNU
       GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This  is	 free  software:  you  are free to change and redistribute it.
       There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       The full documentation for du is maintained as a	 Texinfo  manual.   If
       the  info and du programs are properly installed at your site, the com‐
       mand

	      info coreutils 'du invocation'

       should give you access to the complete manual.

GNU coreutils 8.15		 January 2012				 DU(1)
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