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DVIPNG(1)			 User commands			     DVIPNG(1)

NAME
       dvipng - A DVI-to-PNG translator

SYNOPSIS
       dvipng [options] filename

       dvipng [options] [filename] -

DESCRIPTION
       This program makes PNG and/or GIF graphics from DVI files as obtained
       from TeX and its relatives.

       If GIF support is enabled, GIF output is chosen by using the dvigif
       binary or with the --gif option.

       The benefits of dvipng/dvigif include

       ·   Speed. It is a very fast bitmap-rendering code for DVI files. On a
	   fairly low-end laptop, it takes less than a second to generate 150
	   one-formula images. This makes dvipng suitable for generating large
	   amounts of images on-the-fly, as needed in preview-latex, WeBWorK
	   and others.

       ·   It does not read the postamble, so it can be started before TeX
	   finishes. There is a --follow switch that makes dvipng wait at EOF
	   for further output, unless it finds the POST marker that indicates
	   the end of the DVI.

       ·   Interactive query of options. dvipng can read options interactively
	   through stdin, and all options are usable. It is even possible to
	   change the input file through this interface.

       ·   Supports PK, VF, PostScript Type1, and TrueType fonts, color spe‐
	   cials and simple PostScript inclusion specials.

       ·   and more...

OPTIONS
       Many of the parameterless options listed here can be turned off by suf‐
       fixing the option with a zero (0); for instance, to turn off page
       reversal, use -r0.  Such options are marked with a trailing *.

       -   Read additional options from standard input after processing the
	   command line.

       --help
	   Print a usage message and exit.

       --version
	   Print the version number and exit.

       -bd num
       -bd color_spec
       -bd 'num color_spec'
	   Set the pixel width of the transparent border (default 0). Using
	   this option will make the image edges transparent, but it only
	   affects pixels with the background color. Giving a color_spec will
	   set the fallback color, to be used in viewers that cannot handle
	   transparency (the default is the background color). The color spec
	   should be in TeX color \special syntax, e.g., 'rgb 1.0 0.0 0.0'.
	   Setting the fallback color makes the default border width 1 px.

       --bdpi num
	   Set the base (Metafont) resolution, both horizontal and vertical,
	   to num dpi (dots per inch). This option is necessary when manually
	   selecting Metafont mode with the --mode option (see below).

       -bg color_spec
	   Choose background color for the images. This option will be ignored
	   if there is a background color \special in the DVI. The color spec
	   should be in TeX color \special syntax, e.g., 'rgb 1.0 0.0 0.0'.
	   You can also specify 'Transparent' which will give you a transpar‐
	   ent background with the normal background as a fallback color.

       -d num
	   Set the debug flags, showing what dvipng (thinks it) is doing. This
	   will work unless dvipng has been compiled without the DEBUG option
	   (not recommended). Set the flags as you need them, use -d -1 as the
	   first option for maximum output.

       -D num
	   Set the output resolution, both horizontal and vertical, to num dpi
	   (dots per inch).

	   One may want to adjust this to fit a certain text font size (e.g.,
	   on a web page), and for a text font height of font_px pixels (in
	   Mozilla) the correct formula is

	     <dpi> = <font_px> * 72.27 / 10 [px * TeXpt/in / TeXpt]

	   The last division by ten is due to the standard font height 10pt in
	   your document, if you use 12pt, divide by 12. Unfortunately, some
	   proprietary browsers have font height in pt (points), not pixels.
	   You have to rescale that to pixels, using the screen resolution
	   (default is usually 96 dpi) which means the formula is

	     <font_px> = <font_pt> * 96 / 72 [pt * px/in / (pt/in)]

	   On some high-res screens, the value is instead 120 dpi. Good luck!

       --depth*
	   Report the depth of the image. This only works reliably when the
	   LaTeX style preview.sty from preview-latex is used. It reports the
	   number of pixels from the bottom of the image to the baseline of
	   the image. This can be used for vertical positioning of the image
	   in, e.g., web documents, where one would use (Cascading StyleSheets
	   1)

	     <IMG SRC="<filename.png>" STYLE="vertical-align: -<depth>px">

	   The depth is a negative offset in this case, so the minus sign is
	   necessary, and the unit is pixels (px).

       --dvinum*
	   Set this option to make the output page number be the TeX page num‐
	   bers rather than the physical page number. See the -o switch.

       -fg color_spec
	   Choose foreground color for the images. This option will be ignored
	   if there is a foreground color \special in the DVI. The color spec
	   should be in TeX color \special syntax, e.g., 'rgb 1.0 0.0 0.0'.

       --follow*
	   Enable follow mode. One of the benefits of dvipng is that it does
	   not read the postamble, so it can be started before TeX finishes.
	   This switch makes dvipng wait at EOF for further output, unless it
	   finds the POST marker that indicates the end of the DVI. This is
	   similar to tail -f but for DVI-to-PNG conversion.

       --freetype*
	   Enable/disable FreeType font rendering (default on). This option is
	   available if the FreeType2 font library was present at compilation
	   time.  If this is the case, dvipng will have direct support for
	   PostScript Type1 and TrueType fonts internally, rather than using
	   gsftopk for rendering the fonts. If you have PostScript versions of
	   Computer Modern installed, there will be no need to generate
	   bitmapped variants on disk of these. Then, you can render images at
	   different (and unusual) resolutions without cluttering the disk
	   with lots of bitmapped fonts.  Note that if you have both FreeType
	   and T1lib on your system, FreeType will be preferred by dvipng. If
	   you for some reason would want to use T1lib rendering, use this
	   option.

       --gamma num
	   Control the interpolation of colors in the greyscale anti-aliasing
	   color palette.  Default value is 1.0.  For 0 < num < 1, the fonts
	   will be lighter (more like the background), and for num > 1, the
	   fonts will be darker (more like the foreground).

       --gif*
	   The images are output in the GIF format, if GIF support is enabled.
	   This is the default for the dvigif binary, which only will be
	   available when GIF support is enabled. See also the --png option.

       --height*
	   Report the height of the image. This only works reliably when the
	   LaTeX style preview.sty from preview-latex is used. It reports the
	   number of pixels from the top of the image to the baseline of the
	   image. The total height of the image is obtained as the sum of the
	   values reported from --height and the --depth.

       -l [=]num
	   The last page printed will be the first one numbered num. Default
	   is the last page in the document.  If num is prefixed by an equals
	   sign, then it (and the argument to the -p option, if specified) is
	   treated as a physical (absolute) page number, rather than a value
	   to compare with the TeX \count0 values stored in the DVI file.
	   Thus, using -l =9 will end with the ninth page of the document, no
	   matter what the pages are actually numbered.

       --mode mode
	   Use mode as the Metafont device name for the PK fonts (both for
	   path searching and font generation). This needs to be augmented
	   with the base device resolution, given with the --bdpi option. See
	   the file <ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf> for a list of resolutions
	   and mode names for most devices.

       -M* Turns off automatic PK font generation (mktexpk). This will have no
	   effect when using PostScript fonts, since no PK font generation
	   will be done anyway.

       --noghostscript*
	   This switch prohibits the internal call to GhostScript for display‐
	   ing PostScript specials. --noghostscript0 turns the call back on.

       --nogssafer*
	   Normally, if GhostScript is used to render PostScript specials, the
	   GhostScript interpreter is run with the option -dSAFER. The
	   -nogssafer option runs GhostScript without -dSAFER. The -dSAFER
	   option in Ghostscript disables PostScript operators such as delete‐
	   file, to prevent possibly malicious PostScript programs from having
	   any effect.

       -o name
	   Send output to the file name. A single occurrence of %d or %01d,
	   ..., %09d will be exchanged for the physical page number (this can
	   be changed, see the --dvinum switch). The default output filename
	   is file%d.png where the input DVI file was file.dvi.

       -O x-offset,y-offset
	   Move the origin by x-offset,y-offset, a comma-separated pair of
	   dimensions such as .1in,-.3cm.  The origin of the page is shifted
	   from the default position (of one inch down, one inch to the right
	   from the upper left corner of the paper) by this amount.

       -p [=]num
	   The first page printed will be the first one numbered num. Default
	   is the first page in the document.  If num is prefixed by an equals
	   sign, then it (and the argument to the -l option, if specified) is
	   treated as a physical (absolute) page number, rather than a value
	   to compare with the TeX \count0 values stored in the DVI file.
	   Thus, using -p =3 will start with the third page of the document,
	   no matter what the pages are actually numbered.

       --picky*
	   No images are output when a warning occurs. Normally, dvipng will
	   output an image in spite of a warning, but there may be something
	   missing in this image. One reason to use this option would be if
	   you have a more complete but slower fallback converter. Mainly,
	   this is useful for failed figure inclusion and unknown \special
	   occurrences, but warnings will also occur for missing or unknown
	   color specs and missing PK fonts.

       --png*
	   The images are output in the PNG format. This is the default for
	   the dvipng binary. See also the --gif option.

       -pp firstpage-lastpage
	   Print pages firstpage through lastpage; but not quite equivalent to
	   -p firstpage -l lastpage. For example, when rendering a book, there
	   may be several instances of a page in the DVI file (one in "\front‐
	   matter", one in "\mainmatter", and one in "\backmatter"). In case
	   of several pages matching, -pp firstpage-lastpage will render all
	   pages that matches the specified range, while -p firstpage -l last‐
	   page will render the pages from the first occurrence of firstpage
	   to the first occurrence of lastpage.	 This is the (undocumented)
	   behaviour of dvips. In dvipng you can give both kinds of options,
	   in which case you get all pages that matches the range in -pp
	   between the pages from -p to -l. Also multiple -pp options accumu‐
	   late, unlike -p and -l.  The - separator can also be :. Note that
	   -pp -1 will be interpreted as "all pages up to and including 1", if
	   you want a page numbered -1 (only the table of contents, say) put
	   -pp -1--1, or more readable, -pp -1:-1.

       -q* Run quietly.	 Don't chatter about pages converted, etc. to standard
	   output; report no warnings (only errors) to standard error.

       -Q num
	   Set the quality to num. That is, choose the number of antialiasing
	   levels for PK and T1lib rendering to be num*num. The default value
	   is 4 which gives 16 levels of antialiasing for antialiased fonts
	   from these two. If FreeType is available, its rendering is unaf‐
	   fected by this option.

       -r* Toggle output of pages in reverse/forward order. By default, the
	   first page in the DVI is output first.

       -T image_size
	   Set the image size to image_size which can be either of bbox,
	   tight, or a comma-separated pair of dimensions hsize,vsize such as
	   .1in,.3cm. The default is bbox which produces a PNG that includes
	   all ink put on the page and in addition the DVI origin, located 1in
	   from the top and 1in from the left edge of the paper. This usually
	   gives whitespace above and to the left in the produced image. The
	   value tight will make dvipng only include all ink put on the page,
	   producing neat images.  This option overrides any papersize special
	   in the DVI file.

       --t1lib*
	   Enable/disable T1lib font rendering (default on). This option is
	   available if the T1lib font library was present at compilation
	   time. If this is the case, dvipng will have direct support for
	   PostScript Type1 fonts internally, rather than using gsftopk for
	   rendering the fonts. If you have PostScript versions of Computer
	   Modern installed, there will be no need to generate bitmapped vari‐
	   ants on disk of these.  Then, you can render images at different
	   (and unusual) resolutions without cluttering the disk with lots of
	   bitmapped fonts. Note that if you have both FreeType and T1lib on
	   your system FreeType will be preferred by dvipng, and if you for
	   some reason rather want to use T1lib, give the option --freetype0
	   (see above).

       --truecolor*
	   On systems with a fairly new libgd, one can choose to generate
	   truecolor output. This will not be necessary in general unless you
	   include truecolor images via a PostScript special (i.e., the graph‐
	   ics or graphicx package). It will lead to longer execution time,
	   mostly because more data is written to disk.

       -v* Enable verbose operation. This will currently indicate what fonts
	   is used, in addition to the usual output.

       -x num
	   Set the x magnification ratio to num/1000. Overrides the magnifica‐
	   tion specified in the DVI file.  Must be between 10 and 100000.  It
	   is recommended that you use standard magstep values (1095, 1200,
	   1440, 1728, 2074, 2488, 2986, and so on) to help reduce the total
	   number of PK files generated.  num may be a real number, not an
	   integer, for increased precision.

       -z num
	   Set the PNG compression level to num. This option is enabled if
	   your libgd is new enough. The default compression level is 1, which
	   selects maximum speed at the price of slightly larger PNGs. For an
	   older libgd, the hard-soldered value 5 is used. The include file
	   png.h says ``Currently, valid values range from 0 - 9, correspond‐
	   ing directly to the zlib compression levels 0 - 9 (0 - no compres‐
	   sion, 9 - "maximal" compression). Note that tests have shown that
	   zlib compression levels 3-6 usually perform as well as level 9 for
	   PNG images, and do considerably fewer calculations. In the future,
	   these values may not correspond directly to the zlib compression
	   levels.''

NOTES
       The full manual is accessible in the info format, on most systems by
       typing

	 info dvipng

COPYRIGHT
       This program is released under the GNU General Public License, see the
       COPYING file in the dvipng distribution or
       <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.

       Copyright (c) 2002-2005 Jan-Ake Larsson

dvipng 1.5			  2005-02-04			     DVIPNG(1)
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