echo man page on Tru64

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echo(1)								       echo(1)

NAME
       echo - Writes its arguments to standard output

SYNOPSIS
       echo [-n] [string...]

       [Tru64  UNIX]  The  -n option is valid only if the environment variable
       CMD_ENV is set to bsd.

					Note

       The C shell has a built-in version of the echo  command.	  If  you  are
       using the C shell, and want to guarantee that you are using the command
       described here, you must specify the full path /usr/bin/echo.  See  the
       csh(1) reference page for a description of the built-in command.

STANDARDS
       Interfaces  documented on this reference page conform to industry stan‐
       dards as follows:

       echo:  XCU5.0

       Refer to the standards(5) reference page	 for  more  information	 about
       industry standards and associated tags.

OPTIONS
       [Tru64 UNIX]  No newline is added to the output. The -n option is valid
       only if the environment variable CMD_ENV is set to bsd.	Otherwise  any
       -n  operand  is	treated	 as  a string rather than as a option. See the
       printf(1) reference page for use in portable applications.

OPERANDS
       The string to be displayed on standard output. The echo command	recog‐
       nizes the following special characters in the string: Displays an alert
       character.  Displays a backspace	 character.   Suppresses  the  newline
       character.  All	characters  following \c in the arguments are ignored.
       Displays a formfeed character.  Displays a newline character.  Displays
       a  carriage-return  character.	Displays  a tab character.  Displays a
       vertical tab character.	Displays a backslash character.	  Displays  an
       8-bit character whose value is the 1-, 2- or 3-digit octal number, num‐
       ber.  The first digit of number must be a 0 (zero).

DESCRIPTION
       The echo command writes the specified string to standard	 output,  fol‐
       lowed by a newline character.

       The  arguments are separated by spaces. Use the echo command to produce
       diagnostic messages in command files and to send data into a pipe.   If
       there are no arguments, the echo command outputs a newline character.

       [Tru64	UNIX]  The   echo   command  described	here  is  the  program
       /usr/bin/echo.  Both csh and sh shells contain  built-in	 echo  subcom‐
       mands,	which  do  not	necessarily  work  in  the  same  way  as  the
       /usr/bin/echo command.

EXIT STATUS
       The following exit values  are  returned:  Successful  completion.   An
       error occurred.

EXAMPLES
       To  write  a  message  to  standard  output,  enter: echo Please insert
       diskette . . .  To display a message containing special	characters  as
       listed  in DESCRIPTION, enclose the message in quotes, as follows: echo
       "\n\n\nI'm at lunch.\nI'll be back at 1 p.m."

	      This skips three lines and displays the message: I'm  at	lunch.
	      I'll be back at 1 p.m.

					    Note

	      You  must	 enclose the message in quotation marks if it contains
	      escape sequences such as \n.  Otherwise, the  shell  treats  the
	      backslash	 (\)  as  an  escape  character.  The previous command
	      example, entered without the quotes, results  in	the  following
	      output: nnnI'm at lunch.nI'll be back at 1 p.m.

	      To  use  echo  with pattern-matching characters, enter: echo The
	      back-up files are: *.bak

	      This displays the message The back-up files are: and  then  dis‐
	      plays the file names in the current directory ending with To add
	      a single line of text to a file, enter: echo Remember to set the
	      shell search path to $PATH. >>notes

	      This  adds  the  message	to the end of the file notes after the
	      shell substitutes the value of  the  PATH	 shell	variable.   To
	      write  a	message to the standard error output (sh only), enter:
	      echo Error: file already exists. >&2

	      Use this in shell procedures to write error  messages.   If  the
	      >&2 is omitted, then the message is written to the standard out‐
	      put.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       The following environment  variables  affect  the  execution  of	 echo:
       [Tru64  UNIX]  This  variable  must  set to bsd for the -n option to be
       valid.  Otherwise any -n operand is treated as a string	member.	  Pro‐
       vides  a	 default value for the internationalization variables that are
       unset or null. If LANG is unset or null, the corresponding  value  from
       the  default  locale is used.  If any of the internationalization vari‐
       ables contain an invalid setting, the utility behaves as if none of the
       variables  had been defined.  If set to a non-empty string value, over‐
       rides the values	 of  all  the  other  internationalization  variables.
       Determines  the	locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of
       text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to	multi‐
       byte  characters	 in  arguments).  Determines the locale for the format
       and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error.	Deter‐
       mines  the location of message catalogues for the processing of LC_MES‐
       SAGES.

SEE ALSO
       Commands:  csh(1), ksh(1), printf(1), Bourne shell sh(1b), POSIX	 shell
       sh(1p)

       Environment:  environ(5)

       Standards:  standards(5)

								       echo(1)
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