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fconfigure(n)		     Tcl Built-In Commands		 fconfigure(n)

______________________________________________________________________________

NAME
       fconfigure - Set and get options on a channel

SYNOPSIS
       fconfigure channelId
       fconfigure channelId name
       fconfigure channelId name value ?name value ...?
_________________________________________________________________

DESCRIPTION
       The fconfigure command sets and retrieves options for channels.

       ChannelId  identifies  the  channel for which to set or query an option
       and must refer to an open  channel  such	 as  a	Tcl  standard  channel
       (stdin, stdout, or stderr), the return value from an invocation of open
       or socket, or the result of a channel creation command  provided	 by  a
       Tcl extension.

       If  no name or value arguments are supplied, the command returns a list
       containing alternating option names and values  for  the	 channel.   If
       name  is	 supplied  but	no  value then the command returns the current
       value of the given option.  If one or more pairs of name and value  are
       supplied, the command sets each of the named options to the correspond-
       ing value; in this case the return value is an empty string.

       The options described below are supported for all  channels.  In	 addi-
       tion,  each channel type may add options that only it supports. See the
       manual entry for the command that creates each type of channels for the
       options	that  that specific type of channel supports. For example, see
       the manual entry for the socket command for its additional options.

       -blocking boolean
	      The -blocking option determines whether I/O  operations  on  the
	      channel  can cause the process to block indefinitely.  The value
	      of the option must be a proper boolean value.  Channels are nor-
	      mally in blocking mode;  if a channel is placed into nonblocking
	      mode it will affect the  operation  of  the  gets,  read,	 puts,
	      flush,  and close commands; see the documentation for those com-
	      mands for details.  For nonblocking mode to work correctly,  the
	      application  must	 be  using the Tcl event loop (e.g. by calling
	      Tcl_DoOneEvent or invoking the vwait command).

       -buffering newValue
	      If newValue is full then the I/O system will buffer output until
	      its  internal  buffer  is	 full  or  until  the flush command is
	      invoked. If newValue is line, then the I/O system will automati-
	      cally  flush output for the channel whenever a newline character
	      is output. If newValue is none, the I/O system will flush	 auto-
	      matically	 after	every  output  operation.   The default is for
	      -buffering to be set to full except for channels that connect to
	      terminal-like devices; for these channels the initial setting is
	      line.  Additionally, stdin and stdout are initially set to line,
	      and stderr is set to none.

       -buffersize newSize
	      Newvalue	must  be an integer; its value is used to set the size
	      of buffers, in bytes, subsequently allocated for this channel to
	      store input or output. Newvalue must be between ten and one mil-
	      lion, allowing buffers of ten to one million bytes in size.

       -encoding name
	      This option is used to specify the encoding of the  channel,  so
	      that  the	 data  can be converted to and from Unicode for use in
	      Tcl.  For instance, in order for Tcl to read characters  from  a
	      Japanese	file  in shiftjis and properly process and display the
	      contents, the encoding would be set  to  shiftjis.   Thereafter,
	      when  reading  from  the channel, the bytes in the Japanese file
	      would be converted to Unicode as they are read.  Writing is also
	      supported	 - as Tcl strings are written to the channel they will
	      automatically be converted to the specified encoding on  output.

	      If  a  file  contains  pure  binary  data	 (for instance, a JPEG
	      image), the encoding for the channel should be configured to  be
	      binary.	Tcl  will then assign no interpretation to the data in
	      the file and simply read or write raw  bytes.   The  Tcl	binary
	      command can be used to manipulate this byte-oriented data.

	      The default encoding for newly opened channels is the same plat-
	      form- and locale-dependent system encoding used for  interfacing
	      with the operating system.

       -eofchar char

       -eofchar {inChar outChar}
	      This  option supports DOS file systems that use Control-z (\x1a)
	      as an end of file marker.	 If char is not an empty string,  then
	      this character signals end-of-file when it is encountered during
	      input.  For output, the end-of-file character is output when the
	      channel  is  closed.  If char is the empty string, then there is
	      no special end of file character marker.	For  read-write	 chan-
	      nels,  a	two-element  list specifies the end of file marker for
	      input and output, respectively.  As a convenience, when  setting
	      the end-of-file character for a read-write channel you can spec-
	      ify a single value that will apply to both reading and  writing.
	      When querying the end-of-file character of a read-write channel,
	      a two-element list will always be returned.  The	default	 value
	      for  -eofchar  is the empty string in all cases except for files
	      under Windows.  In that case the -eofchar	 is  Control-z	(\x1a)
	      for reading and the empty string for writing.

       -translation mode

       -translation {inMode outMode}
	      In  Tcl  scripts the end of a line is always represented using a
	      single newline character (\n).  However,	in  actual  files  and
	      devices the end of a line may be represented differently on dif-
	      ferent platforms, or even for  different	devices	 on  the  same
	      platform.	  For  example, under UNIX newlines are used in files,
	      whereas carriage-return-linefeed sequences are normally used  in
	      network  connections.   On  input (i.e., with gets and read) the
	      Tcl I/O system automatically translates the external end-of-line
	      representation into newline characters.  Upon output (i.e., with
	      puts), the I/O system translates newlines to the	external  end-
	      of-line  representation.	 The  default  translation mode, auto,
	      handles all the common cases automatically, but the -translation
	      option  provides	explicit control over the end of line transla-
	      tions.

	      The value associated with -translation  is  a  single  item  for
	      read-only	 and  write-only channels.  The value is a two-element
	      list for read-write channels; the read translation mode  is  the
	      first element of the list, and the write translation mode is the
	      second element.  As a convenience, when setting the  translation
	      mode  for	 a  read-write	channel you can specify a single value
	      that will apply to both reading and writing.  When querying  the
	      translation  mode	 of  a	read-write channel, a two-element list
	      will always be returned.	The  following	values	are  currently
	      supported:

	      auto   As the input translation mode, auto treats any of newline
		     (lf), carriage return (cr), or carriage  return  followed
		     by	 a  newline  (crlf) as the end of line representation.
		     The end of line representation can even change from line-
		     to-line,  and  all cases are translated to a newline.  As
		     the output translation mode, auto chooses a platform spe-
		     cific  representation;  for  sockets on all platforms Tcl
		     chooses crlf, for all Unix flavors, it  chooses  lf,  for
		     the  Macintosh platform it chooses cr and for the various
		     flavors of Windows it chooses crlf.  The default  setting
		     for -translation is auto for both input and output.

	      binary No	 end-of-line  translations  are	 performed.   This  is
		     nearly identical to lf  mode,  except  that  in  addition
		     binary  mode  also	 sets the end-of-file character to the
		     empty string (which disables it) and sets the encoding to
		     binary  (which  disables  encoding	 filtering).   See the
		     description of -eofchar and -encoding for	more  informa-
		     tion.

		     Internally, i.e. when it comes to the actual behaviour of
		     the translator this value	is  identical  to  lf  and  is
		     therefore	reported  as such when queried. Even if binary
		     was used to set the translation.

	      cr     The end of a line in the underlying  file	or  device  is
		     represented  by  a	 single carriage return character.  As
		     the input translation mode,  cr  mode  converts  carriage
		     returns to newline characters.  As the output translation
		     mode, cr mode translates newline characters  to  carriage
		     returns.	This mode is typically used on Macintosh plat-
		     forms.

	      crlf   The end of a line in the underlying  file	or  device  is
		     represented  by a carriage return character followed by a
		     linefeed character.  As the input translation mode,  crlf
		     mode  converts carriage-return-linefeed sequences to new-
		     line characters.  As the output  translation  mode,  crlf
		     mode  translates  newline	characters to carriage-return-
		     linefeed sequences.  This mode is typically used on  Win-
		     dows platforms and for network connections.

	      lf     The  end  of  a  line in the underlying file or device is
		     represented by a single newline (linefeed) character.  In
		     this  mode	 no  translations occur during either input or
		     output.  This mode is typically used on UNIX platforms.

STANDARD CHANNELS
       The Tcl standard channels (stdin, stdout, and stderr) can be configured
       through	this  command  like  every  other  channel  opened  by the Tcl
       library. Beyond the standard options described  above  they  will  also
       support	any  special  option according to their current type.  If, for
       example, a Tcl application is started by the inet  super-server	common
       on  Unix system its Tcl standard channels will be sockets and thus sup-
       port the socket options.

EXAMPLES
       Instruct Tcl to always send output to stdout  immediately,  whether  or
       not it is to a terminal:
	      fconfigure stdout -buffering none

       Open a socket and read lines from it without ever blocking the process-
       ing of other events:
	      set s [socket some.where.com 12345]
	      fconfigure $s -blocking 0
	      fileevent $s readable "readMe $s"
	      proc readMe chan {
		 if {[gets $chan line] < 0} {
		    if {[eof $chan]} {
		       close $chan
		       return
		    }
		    # Could not read a complete line this time; Tcl's
		    # internal buffering will hold the partial line for us
		    # until some more data is available over the socket.
		 } else {
		    puts stdout $line
		 }
	      }

       Read a PPM-format image from a file:
	      # Open the file and put it into Unix ASCII mode
	      set f [open teapot.ppm]
	      fconfigure $f -encoding ascii -translation lf

	      # Get the header
	      if {[gets $f] ne "P6"} {
		 error "not a raw-bits PPM"
	      }

	      # Read lines until we have got non-comment lines
	      # that supply us with three decimal values.
	      set words {}
	      while {[llength $words] < 3} {
		 gets $f line
		 if {[string match "#*" $line]} continue
		 lappend words [eval concat [scan $line %d%d%d]]
	      }

	      # Those words supply the size of the image and its
	      # overall depth per channel. Assign to variables.
	      foreach {xSize ySize depth} $words {break}

	      # Now switch to binary mode to pull in the data,
	      # one byte per channel (red,green,blue) per pixel.
	      fconfigure $f -translation binary
	      set numDataBytes [expr {3 * $xSize * $ySize}]
	      set data [read $f $numDataBytes]

	      close $f

SEE ALSO
       close(n), flush(n),  gets(n),  open(n),	puts(n),  read(n),  socket(n),
       Tcl_StandardChannels(3)

KEYWORDS
       blocking,  buffering, carriage return, end of line, flushing, linemode,
       newline, nonblocking, platform,	translation,  encoding,	 filter,  byte
       array, binary

Tcl				      8.3			 fconfigure(n)
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