ipfe man page on 4.4BSD

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IPFE(1)								       IPFE(1)

NAME
       IPFE - Interpress File Editor

SYNOPSIS
       ipfe [ options ] infile [ pagerange ] ...  [ infile [ pagerange ] ... ]

       Options:	   [-l	 logfile  ]   [-dDiLqrRsSY  ]	[-a  alias:actual  [-a
       alias:actual  ]	...]   [-b  binding-offset:unit	 ]   [-c   chapterize-
       count:unit  ]   [-o outfile ]  [-p level:propfile ]  [-S scale-factor ]
       [-X X-offset:unit ]  [-Y Y-offset:unit ]

DESCRIPTION
       IPFE performs editing functions on Interpress  masters.	It  reads  the
       specified  input	 Interpress  files  and	 writes	 the designated output
       file(s). By using page ranges and other options, pagebodies  in	Inter‐
       press  masters  may  be concatenated, merged, split into several output
       files (i.e., chapterized), etc.

       Concatenation is accomplished by specifying more than one input	master
       with no pageranges.

       Page  selection and merging is accomplished by specifying more than one
       master with a pagerange specification for at least one of the  masters.
       This  accomplishes simple merging, such as pages 1, 2, and 4 of Master1
       merged with pages 2, 4, and 5 of Master2.

       In addition, a page from one master may be  overlaid  with  pages  from
       other  masters to create a single output page. The overlay pages may be
       repositioned by specifying an xOffset and  yOffset.   In	 this  manner,
       graphics	 or  images  may  be  created  as  Interpress "pages" and then
       merge/overlaid onto a text page of a different master, with  an	option
       to  reposition  the  images.   See  the infile [ pagerange ] discussion
       below, following the options specifications, for syntax details.

       The following options can be used with ipfe:

	      (Note: Any option with one or more arguments may be specified as
	      a	 single	 option,  with	no  space  between  the switch and the
	      [first] argument, or as two  options,  with  an  unquoted	 space
	      between  the  switch  and the [first] argument. If there is more
	      than one argument, they must be specified together as  a	single
	      option, separated by an [usually] optional colon. When the colon
	      is required, it is so indicated in the option description.)

       -a alias:actual
	      (alias). If the -s option is specified, replace any  SIF	refer‐
	      ences  matching  the  string alias with the string actual before
	      attempting to satisfy the	 SIF.  The  colon  between  alias  and
	      actual  is required. There may be spaces and colons in alias (if
	      there are spaces, alias itself must be quoted).  However,	 there
	      must  be no colons in actual, because IPFE searches from the end
	      of actual to find the colon separating alias and actual.	 There
	      may  be  multiple	 -a options. However, if there is no -s option
	      specified, none of the alias options has any effect.   If	 there
	      is  a  match  on any alias, and the corresponding file actual is
	      not found or there is some error, the  original  SIF  reference,
	      alias,  is preserved, unless the -r option is also specified. In
	      the latter case, the SIF reference is removed.

       -b offset:unit
	      (binding offset). Shift the image offset units in	 the  x-direc‐
	      tion,  where unit may be none (default centimeters), c (centime‐
	      ters), i (inches), p (points), or P(Picas). Offset may be a neg‐
	      ative value. If the -L option is also specified, the image shift
	      is in the y-direction.

       -c count:unit
	      (chapterize). If the size of the	output	file  is  larger  than
	      count  units,  split the output file into multiple files.	 Chap‐
	      terization occurs only on	 page  boundaries,  every  time	 count
	      units is reached [where unit may be p (pages), k (kilobytes), or
	      m (megabytes)], and there is no look-ahead. Therefore, if a byte
	      specification is used, the size of each output file may actually
	      be larger than count units. Output file names are	 generated  by
	      appending "1", "2", etc. to the file extension of outfile. (Note
	      that this is in addition to the possibility of an integer	 being
	      appended to the output filename if no -o option is specified.)

       -d     (duplex).	 If the -b option (binding offset) is specified, apply
	      the offset for duplex (two-sided) printing of the output master.
	      That is, for odd-numbered pages, the offset is applied as speci‐
	      fied; for even-numbered pages, the negative  of  the  offset  is
	      applied.	If  there  is  no binding offset specified, the duplex
	      option has no effect.

	      Example: If there is a binding  offset  of  2P  and  the	duplex
	      option  is  specified, odd-numbered pages are shifted 2 Picas to
	      the right, even-numbered pages 2 Picas to the left. If the bind‐
	      ing  offset  is  -2P and duplex is specified, odd-numbered pages
	      are shifted 2 Picas to the left, even-numbered pages 2 Picas  to
	      the right.

       -D     (Debug).	If the -p option is specified, write to the properties
	      file the offset within the input stream of  each	skeleton-level
	      token, in addition to the properties information detailed in the
	      -p option. If there is no -p option specified, the Debug	option
	      has no effect.

       -i     (insert  SIF  for	 overlay). Insert (create) a SIF reference for
	      any unresolvable overlays. (See the discussion  on  overlays  in
	      the  infile  [  pagerange ] section below, following the options
	      specifications.) Note that if an overlay is unresolvable and the
	      overlay  specification includes a pageNum greater than 1, no SIF
	      reference will be created, even if the -i option is specified.

       -l logfile
	      (log). Open the file logfile and record  a  transcript  of  IPFE
	      actions,	error  reports, etc. The logfile is opened immediately
	      upon encountering the -l option in the command line.  Therefore,
	      to  record  errors  in  the  command  line specification, the -l
	      option must be the first option  specified.  If  no  logfile  is
	      specified, the default filename "ipfe.log" is used.

       -L     (Landscape).  Rotate  every output page 90 degrees counterclock‐
	      wise.  IPFE automatically applies an x-  and  y-image  shift  to
	      preserve	the  upper  left  corner  of the image. This option is
	      intended for printing text pages in a landscape orientation.

       -o outfile
	      (output). Write the output Interpress master to  the  file  out‐
	      file.  If	 the -o outfile option is not specified, the following
	      algorithm determines the output filename	(with  one  exception,
	      noted  below):  remove  the  extension  from the filespec of the
	      first infile and append ".ip", as long as infilename.ip does not
	      already  exist. If it does exist, then append "n.ip", where n is
	      the lowest integer that will not cause an existing  file	to  be
	      overwritten.

	      Note:  If the -p option is specified with no -o option, then the
	      properties file is written with  no  Interpress  output  master.
	      This  allows you to get information about the input stream with‐
	      out the overhead of creating the Interpress output master.

       -p level:propfile
	      (properties). Open the file propfile  and	 write	the  following
	      information  about  the  properties  of  each  input master: the
	      skeleton structure and the number of blocks, pages, and  sequen‐
	      ceInsertFile  (SIF)  references. If there is more than one input
	      file, the total number of blocks, pages, and SIF references  are
	      also  written.  Level  may  be 0 (default) or 1 (verbose); if 1,
	      each valid pageBody and endpageBody token is indicated and  num‐
	      bered.  In addition, the -D (Debug) option causes the file posi‐
	      tion of each skeleton-level token to be written.

	      Note that the properties are an accounting of the input  stream.
	      If the properties of the output stream are desired, it is neces‐
	      sary to execute a	 second	 invocation  of	 ipfe  on  the	output
	      file(s) with just the -p option specified.

       -q     (quiet). Don't write information and error messages to STDERR.

       -r     (remove  SIFS).  Remove sequenceInsertFile (SIF) references from
	      the input stream. If the -s option is  also  specified,  the  -s
	      option  takes precedence, and a SIF reference is removed only if
	      it is either unresolvable or there is some  error,  such	as  an
	      invalid header.

       -R     (Rotate).	 Rotate	 every	output page 90 degrees clockwise. IPFE
	      automatically applies an x- and y-image shift  to	 preserve  the
	      center  point of the image. This option is intended for printing
	      an image created for a "landscape printer" in portrait  orienta‐
	      tion.

       -s     (satisfy	SIFS). Satisfy any sequenceInsertFile (SIF) references
	      encountered in the input stream. This entails replacing the  SIF
	      reference	 with  the  actual tokens in the referenced file.  The
	      algorithm used is dependent upon the SIF type as	found  in  the
	      referenced file's header. If the referenced file is not found or
	      there is some error, such as an invalid header, the  SIF	refer‐
	      ence is preserved, unless the -r (remove SIF references) is also
	      specified. The Interpress filename alias mechanism is  supported
	      via the -a option.

       -S scale-factor
	      (Scale).	Scale  the  image  by scale-factor, which can have the
	      format 'n/d', where both n and d must be integers, or 'a.b'.

       -X X-offset:unit
	      (xImageShift). Shift the image offset units in the  x-direction,
	      where unit may be none (default centimeters), c (centimeters), i
	      (inches), p (points), or P(Picas).  Offset  may  be  a  negative
	      value.  The  x-direction is independent of the -L and -R options
	      (i.e., the positive x-direction is still to  the	right  as  the
	      image is viewed, even if a rotation is applied).

       -Y Y-offset:unit
	      (yImageShift).  Shift the image offset units in the y-direction,
	      where unit may be none (default centimeters), c (centimeters), i
	      (inches),	 p  (points),  or  P(Picas).  Offset may be a negative
	      value. The y-direction is independent of the -L and  -R  options
	      (i.e.,  the  positive  y-direction  is  still up as the image is
	      viewed, even if a rotation is applied).

       infile [ pagerange ]
	      Each infile may have a  pagerange	 specification	for  selecting
	      pages  from  the	infile to merge and/or overlay.	 The pagerange
	      specification must immediately follow the	 corresponding	infile
	      specification  to	 which it applies, as a separate option (i.e.,
	      it must not be quoted along with infile. For  shell  processing,
	      however,	the  pagerange	specification  itself may be quoted in
	      order to use the brackets and parentheses required by  the  syn‐
	      tax).

	      Note: In the syntax below, pageNum refers to a count of pageBod‐
	      ies (excluding the preamble) in the Interpress master, and  does
	      not  necessarily	match  the  printed page numbers on the output
	      pages. See the references below for a definition and  discussion
	      of pageBodies.

	      The  syntax for the pagerange specification is given in the fol‐
	      lowing psuedo Backus-Naur Form:

		     pageRange ::= [pageSpec,...,endPageSpec]

		     pageSpec  ::= pageNum | pageNum-pageNum |
				     pageNum[overlaySpec][...]

		     endPageSpec    ::= pageNum- | NULL

		     pageNum   ::= integer

		     overlaySpec    ::=	  overlayFileName    |	  overlayFile‐
		     Name:pageNum |
				     overlayFileName(xOffset,yOffset) |
				     overlayFileName:pageNum(xOffset,yOffset)

	      The syntax rules are:

	      1.     The  pageRange  specification  must  begin	 with  a  left
		     bracket and end with a right bracket ("[pageRangeSpec]").

	      2.     Pages are specified by  an	 integer  corresponding	 to  a
		     pageBody count, in increasing order, through the master.

	      3.     A minus ("-") indicates a page range.

		     Example: [4-6] includes pages 4 through 6.

	      4.     A comma separates pages and page ranges.

		     Example: [4,6-9] includes pages 4 and 6 through 9.

	      5.     A	minus  ("-") appearing after the final page specifica‐
		     tion includes all pages to the end of the master.

		     Example: [4,6,9-] includes pages 4, 6, and 9 through  the
		     last page of the master.

	      6.     Immediately  following a page specification, a left/right
		     bracket pair may enclose a filename to indicate an	 over‐
		     lay  ("[overlayfile]").  The overlay may be an Interpress
		     master or an Interpress fragment. If the  overlay	is  an
		     Interpress	 master	 containing more than one page, and no
		     overlay pageNum is specified, IPFE uses page  1  for  the
		     overlay. There may be more than one overlay specification
		     for a page specification, each enclosed in	 a  left/right
		     bracket pair and immediately following one another.

		     Example:  [4[pic1][pic2]] includes page 4 and overlays it
		     with pic1 and pic2.

	      7.     Immediately following overlayfile in an overlay  specifi‐
		     cation,  a	 colon followed by an overlayPageNum selects a
		     page  from	 overlayfile  for  the	 overlay   ("[overlay‐
		     file:overlayPageNum]").

		     If	 overlayfile  is an Interpress fragment, or overlayPa‐
		     geNum  doesn't  exist,  the  overlay   specification   is
		     ignored.

		     Example:  [4[pic1:2] includes page 4 and overlays it with
		     page 2 of pic1.

	      8.     Within an overlay specification, a left/right parenthesis
		     pair  may enclose a page offset to reposition the overlay
		     page  ("[overlayfile(xOffset,yOffset)]"   or   "[overlay‐
		     file:overlayPageNum(xOffset,yOffset)]").

		     The  page	offset	has  the form xOffset,yOffset and each
		     offset has the form value unit.  The  comma  between  the
		     offsets  is  required, and there must be no space between
		     value and unit.  Unit  is	one  of	 the  following:  none
		     (default  centimeters),  c	 (centimeters),	 i (inches), p
		     (points), P (Picas). The origin is the bottom left corner
		     of	 the  page.  The positive x-direction is to the right,
		     and the positive y-direction is up. X/y-directions may be
		     positive or negative.

		     Example:  [4[pic1:2(2P,4P)][pic2(-3P,-1P)]] includes page
		     4 and overlays it with page 2 of pic1, offset 2 Picas  to
		     the right and 4 Picas up, and pic2, offset 3 Picas to the
		     left and 1 Pica down.

	      Example of using a pagerange specification:

		   ipfe							infile
	      "[1,4-6,9[pic1],10-11,12[pic2:2(2P,4P)][pic3(-4P,-2P)],15-]"

	      which reads:

		     include page 1,

		     skip pages 2-3,

		     include pages 4-6,

		     skip pages 7-8,

		     include page 9 and overlay it with pic1 (with no offset),

		     include pages 10-11,

		     include  page 12 and overlay it with page 2 of pic2 (off‐
		     set 2 Picas to the right and 4 Picas up) and pic3 (offset
		     4 Picas to the left and 2 Picas down),

		     skip pages 13-14,

		     include pages 15 through the end of the master.

AUTHOR
       Mark Rollins, Xerox Corporation, Webster Research Center, October 1985.

SEE ALSO
       Interpress  Electronic  Printing	 Standard, Version 3.0, Xerox Corpora‐
       tion, January 1986, XNSS 048601
       Introduction to Interpress, Xerox Corporation, June 1983, XSIG 038404
       The address for obtaining these documents is:
		 Xerox Corporation
		 Printing Systems Administration Office
		 701 South Aviation Blvd.
		 El Segundo, CA	 90245

BUGS
       IPFE assumes that SIF's and overlays are either valid Interpress	 frag‐
       ments or Interpress masters containing a single BEGIN/END block.	 If an
       Interpress master containing nested blocks is attempted to be  used  as
       either  a SIF or an overlay, the result may be unpredictable.  The most
       likely error would be the erroneous inclusion of one or more extraneous
       preambles.

4th Berkeley Distribution	    6/16/86			       IPFE(1)
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