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KERNEL-COMMAND-LINE(7)	      kernel-command-line	KERNEL-COMMAND-LINE(7)

NAME
       kernel-command-line - Kernel command line parameters

SYNOPSIS
       /proc/cmdline

DESCRIPTION
       The kernel, the initial RAM disk (initrd) and basic userspace
       functionality may be configured at boot via kernel command line
       arguments.

       For command line parameters understood by the kernel, please see
       kernel-parameters.html[1] and bootparam(7).

       For command line parameters understood by the initial RAM disk, please
       see dracut.cmdline(7), or the documentation of the specific initrd
       implementation of your installation.

CORE OS COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS
       systemd.unit=, rd.systemd.unit=, systemd.dump_core, systemd.crash_chvt,
       systemd.crash_shell, systemd.crash_reboot, systemd.confirm_spawn,
       systemd.show_status, systemd.log_target=, systemd.log_level=,
       systemd.log_location=, systemd.log_color,
       systemd.default_standard_output=, systemd.default_standard_error=,
       systemd.setenv=, systemd.machine_id=, systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
       systemd.legacy_systemd_cgroup_controller
	   Parameters understood by the system and service manager to control
	   system behavior. For details, see systemd(1).

       systemd.mask=, systemd.wants=, systemd.debug_shell
	   Additional parameters understood by systemd-debug-generator(8), to
	   mask or start specific units at boot, or invoke a debug shell on
	   tty9.

       systemd.restore_state=
	   This parameter is understood by several system tools to control
	   whether or not they should restore system state from the previous
	   boot. For details, see systemd-backlight@.service(8) and systemd-
	   rfkill.service(8).

       systemd.volatile=
	   This parameter controls whether the system shall boot up in
	   volatile mode. Takes a boolean argument, or the special value
	   "state". If false (the default), normal boot mode is selected, the
	   root directory and /var are mounted as specified on the kernel
	   command line or /etc/fstab, or otherwise configured. If true, full
	   state-less boot mode is selected. In this case the root directory
	   is mounted as volatile memory file system ("tmpfs"), and only /usr
	   is mounted from the file system configured as root device, in
	   read-only mode. This enables fully state-less boots were the
	   vendor-supplied OS is used as shipped, with only default
	   configuration and no stored state in effect, as /etc and /var (as
	   well as all other resources shipped in the root file system) are
	   reset at boot and lost on shutdown. If this setting is set to
	   "state" the root file system is mounted as usual, however /var is
	   mounted as a volatile memory file system ("tmpfs"), so that the
	   system boots up with the normal configuration applied, but all
	   state reset at boot and lost at shutdown. For details, see systemd-
	   volatile-root.service(8) and systemd-fstab-generator(8).

       quiet
	   Parameter understood by both the kernel and the system and service
	   manager to control console log verbosity. For details, see
	   systemd(1).

       debug
	   Parameter understood by both the kernel and the system and service
	   manager to control console log verbosity. For details, see
	   systemd(1).

       -b, rd.emergency, emergency, rd.rescue, rescue, single, s, S, 1, 2, 3,
       4, 5
	   Parameters understood by the system and service manager, as
	   compatibility and convenience options. For details, see systemd(1).

       locale.LANG=, locale.LANGUAGE=, locale.LC_CTYPE=, locale.LC_NUMERIC=,
       locale.LC_TIME=, locale.LC_COLLATE=, locale.LC_MONETARY=,
       locale.LC_MESSAGES=, locale.LC_PAPER=, locale.LC_NAME=,
       locale.LC_ADDRESS=, locale.LC_TELEPHONE=, locale.LC_MEASUREMENT=,
       locale.LC_IDENTIFICATION=
	   Parameters understood by the system and service manager to control
	   locale and language settings. For details, see systemd(1).

       fsck.mode=, fsck.repair=
	   Parameters understood by the file system checker services. For
	   details, see systemd-fsck@.service(8).

       quotacheck.mode=
	   Parameter understood by the file quota checker service. For
	   details, see systemd-quotacheck.service(8).

       systemd.journald.forward_to_syslog=, systemd.journald.forward_to_kmsg=,
       systemd.journald.forward_to_console=, systemd.journald.forward_to_wall=
	   Parameters understood by the journal service. For details, see
	   systemd-journald.service(8).

       vconsole.keymap=, vconsole.keymap_toggle=, vconsole.font=,
       vconsole.font_map=, vconsole.font_unimap=
	   Parameters understood by the virtual console setup logic. For
	   details, see vconsole.conf(5).

       udev.log_priority=, rd.udev.log_priority=, udev.children_max=,
       rd.udev.children_max=, udev.exec_delay=, rd.udev.exec_delay=,
       udev.event_timeout=, rd.udev.event_timeout=, net.ifnames=
	   Parameters understood by the device event managing daemon. For
	   details, see systemd-udevd.service(8).

       plymouth.enable=
	   May be used to disable the Plymouth boot splash. For details, see
	   plymouth(8).

       luks=, rd.luks=, luks.crypttab=, rd.luks.crypttab=, luks.name=,
       rd.luks.name=, luks.uuid=, rd.luks.uuid=, luks.options=,
       rd.luks.options=, luks.key=, rd.luks.key=
	   Configures the LUKS full-disk encryption logic at boot. For
	   details, see systemd-cryptsetup-generator(8).

       fstab=, rd.fstab=
	   Configures the /etc/fstab logic at boot. For details, see systemd-
	   fstab-generator(8).

       root=, rootfstype=, rootflags=, ro, rw
	   Configures the root file system and its file system type and mount
	   options, as well as whether it shall be mounted read-only or
	   read-writable initially. For details, see systemd-fstab-
	   generator(8).

       mount.usr=, mount.usrfstype=, mount.usrflags=
	   Configures the /usr file system (if required) and its file system
	   type and mount options. For details, see systemd-fstab-
	   generator(8).

       roothash=, systemd.verity=, rd.systemd.verity=,
       systemd.verity_root_data=, systemd.verity_root_hash=
	   Configures the integrity protection root hash for the root file
	   system, and other related parameters. For details, see systemd-
	   veritysetup-generator(8).

       systemd.gpt_auto=, rd.systemd.gpt_auto=
	   Configures whether GPT based partition auto-discovery shall be
	   attempted. For details, see systemd-gpt-auto-generator(8).

       systemd.default_timeout_start_sec=
	   Overwrites the default start job timeout DefaultTimeoutStartSec= at
	   boot. For details, see systemd-system.conf(5).

       systemd.watchdog_device=
	   Overwrites the watchdog device path WatchdogDevice=. For details,
	   see systemd-system.conf(5).

       modules_load=, rd.modules_load=
	   Load a specific kernel module early at boot. For details, see
	   systemd-modules-load.service(8).

       resume=
	   Enables resume from hibernation using the specified device. All
	   fstab(5)-like paths are supported. For details, see systemd-
	   hibernate-resume-generator(8).

       systemd.firstboot=
	   Takes a boolean argument, defaults to on. If off, systemd-
	   firstboot.service(8) will not query the user for basic system
	   settings, even if the system boots up for the first time and the
	   relevant settings are not initialized yet.

SEE ALSO
       systemd(1), bootparam(7), dracut.cmdline(7), systemd-debug-
       generator(8), systemd-fsck@.service(8), systemd-quotacheck.service(8),
       systemd-journald.service(8), systemd-vconsole-setup.service(8),
       systemd-udevd.service(8), plymouth(8), systemd-cryptsetup-generator(8),
       systemd-veritysetup-generator(8), systemd-fstab-generator(8), systemd-
       gpt-auto-generator(8), systemd-volatile-root.service(8), systemd-
       modules-load.service(8), systemd-backlight@.service(8), systemd-
       rfkill.service(8), systemd-hibernate-resume-generator(8), systemd-
       firstboot.service(8)

NOTES
	1. kernel-parameters.html
	   https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html

systemd 236						KERNEL-COMMAND-LINE(7)
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