keyboard(7)keyboard(7)NAMEkeyboard - keyboard specifications
DESCRIPTION
The keyboard used on the 4D series, Indigo, Crimson and Onyx systems is
an up-down encoded 101-key keyboard.
The keyboard connects to the main electronics cabinet through a shielded
partially coiled cord and is detachable at the system cabinet only. The
mouse plugs into either side of the keyboard. Ports are provided on both
sides of the enclosure to allow access to left-handed and right-handed
mouse connectors. The keyboard cord contains low voltage direct current
power feeds and two serial links; one for the mouse and one for the
keyboard. The keyboard serial link is bidirectional, allowing for
control of indicator lights and other keyboard functions. Each time a
key is pressed or released, a code is sent via the keyboard serial link.
Every key has a different upcode and downcode. All keys function the
same way, allowing the system software to use keys in any manner. Auto-
repeat is the only function that treats keys differently. When auto-
repeat is enabled, a subset of the keys repeat when held down. Multiple
key presses/releases result in all key transitions being reported.
Electrical Interface
The keyboard serial I/O interface uses RS423 levels and communicates
asynchronously to the system at 600 baud. The format used is one start
bit followed by eight data bits, an odd parity bit and one stop bit, with
one byte sent per key up or down transition. The idle state and true
data bits for the interface are Mark level or -5V, whereas false data
bits and the start bit are spaces or +5V.
The pin assignments for the keyboard connector on machines with DB-15
connectors are shown in the following table:
KEYBOARD CONNECTOR PINOUT
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Pin Signal Description
________________________________
1 GND Ground
2 GND Ground
3 GND Ground
4 KTXD Keyboard Transmit
5 KRCD Keyboard Receive
7 +12Vdc Power
8 +12Vdc Power
9 +12Vdc Power
10 MTXD Mouse Transmit
11 NC Reserved
12 NC Reserved
15 -12Vdc Power
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The pin assignments for the DB-9 keyboard connector on the Personal IRIS
4D/20 and 4D/25 machines are shown in the following table for both the
CPU connector and the connectors on the keyboard itself. The connectors
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on each side of the keyboard are identical, so the mouse can be attached
on either side.
KEYBOARD CABLE PINOUT
____________________________________________________
Pin CPU Signal Keyboard Signal Description
____________________________________________________
1 NC +5Vdc Power
2 KRCD KTXD Keyboard to CPU
3 NC -5Vdc Power
4 -12Vdc-12Vdc Power
5 MRCD MTXD Mouse to CPU
6 GND GND Ground
7 +12Vdc +12Vdc Power
8 KTXD KRCD CPU to Keyboard
9 GND GND Ground
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The pin assignments for the DIN-6 keyboard connector on the CPU board of
some of the newer systems are shown in the following table:
KEYBOARD CABLE PINOUT
________________________________
Pin Signal Description
________________________________
1 KRCD Keyboard Receive
2 MRCD Mouse Receive
3 GND Ground
4 +8Vdc Power
5 KTXD Keyboard Transmit
6 -8Vdc Power
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The pin assignments for the mouse port connector (on the keyboard, not on
the CPU) for keyboards with DB9 connector are shown in the following
table; either connector on the keyboard can be used for the mouse or for
the keyboard cable.
MOUSE PORT
____________________________
Pin Signal Description
____________________________
1 +5V Power
3 -5V Power
5 MTXD Transmit Data
9 GND Ground
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For machines whose keyboards have the DIN-6 connector on the keyboard, as
well as on the CPU, the pinout is shown in the following table. The
connectors on both sides of the keyboard have identical pinout, either
can be used for the mouse and the cable to the CPU.
KEYBOARD CONNECTOR PINOUT
________________________________
Pin Signal Description
________________________________
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1 KTXD Keyboard Transmit
2 MTXD Mouse Transmit
3 GND Ground
4 +8Vdc Power
5 KRCD Keyboard Receive
6 NC Not Connected
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Software Interface
The interface between the keyboard and the system is 600 baud
asynchronous. The format used is one start bit followed by eight data
bits, an odd parity bit and one stop bit, with one byte sent per key up
or down transition. The MSB of the byte is a 0 for a downstroke and a 1
for an upstroke. Control bytes are sent to the keyboard with the same
speed and format. The system software does all the processing needed to
support functions such as capitalization, control characters, and numeric
lock. Auto-repeat for a specified set of characters can be turned on or
off by the system software by sending a control byte to the keyboard.
When auto-repeat is enabled, a pressed key begins auto-repeating after
0.65 seconds and repeats 28 times per second. The keyboard initializes
upon power-up. The configuration request control byte causes the
keyboard to send a two-byte sequence to the system. The second byte
contains the eight-bit value set on a DIP switch in the keyboard. All
keyboard lights (if any; some newer systems have keyboards without user
controllable lights) are controlled by the system software by sending
control bytes to the keyboard to turn them on or off. Control bytes are
also used for long and short beep control and key click disable. When
key click is enabled, the keys click when they are pressed. The long
beep duration is 1 second and the short beep duration is 0.2 second.
There are three lights labeled NUM LOCK, CAPS LOCK, and SCROLL LOCK that
are under software control. On older keyboards there are also four
general-purpose keyboard lights labeled L1 through L4. The required
keycode mappings and control byte formats are shown in the following
tables. Note that the legend names prefixed by two asterisks are
reserved and not implemented on the keyboard. Legend names prefixed by
two exclamation marks do NOT have the auto-repeat enable capability.
Legend names prefixed by two dollar signs do NOT have the key click
enable capability.
LEGENDS VS KEYCODES IN DECIMAL
_____________________________________________
Legend Code
_____________________________________________
AKEY 10
BKEY 35
CKEY 27
DKEY 17
EKEY 16
FKEY 18
GKEY 25
HKEY 26
IKEY 39
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JKEY 33
KKEY 34
LKEY 41
MKEY 43
NKEY 36
OKEY 40
PKEY 47
QKEY 9
RKEY 23
SKEY 11
TKEY 24
UKEY 32
VKEY 28
WKEY 15
XKEY 20
YKEY 31
ZKEY 19
ZEROKEY 45
ONEKEY 7
TWOKEY 13
THREEKEY 14
FOURKEY 21
FIVEKEY 22
SIXKEY 29
SEVENKEY 30
EIGHTKEY 37
NINEKEY 38
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LEGENDS VS KEYCODES IN DECIMAL
____________________________________
Legend Code
____________________________________
**!!BREAKKEY 0
**!!SETUPKEY 1
$$!!LEFTCTRL 2
$$!!CAPSLOCKKEY 3
$$!!RIGHTSHIFTKEY 4
$$!!LEFTSHIFTKEY 5
**!!NOSCRLKEY 12
!!ESCKEY 6
!!TABKEY 8
RETURN.ENTER 50
SPACEKEY 82
**LINEFEEDKEY 59
BACKSPACEKEY 60
DELKEY 61
SEMICOLONKEY 42
PERIODKEY 51
COMMAKEY 44
QUOTEKEY" 49
ACCENTGRAVEKEY~ 54
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MINUSKEY 46
VIRGULEKEY? 52
BACKSLASHKEY 56
EQUALKEY 53
LEFTBRACKETKEY 48
RIGHTBRACKETKEY 55
LEFTARROWKEY 72
DOWNARROWKEY 73
RIGHTARROWKEY 79
UPARROWKEY 80
PAD0 58
PAD1 57
PAD2 63
PAD3 64
PAD4 62
PAD5 68
PAD6 69
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LEGENDS VS KEYCODES IN DECIMAL
______________________________________
Legend Code
______________________________________
PAD7 66
PAD8 67
PAD9 74
**PADPF1 71
**PADPF2 70
**PADPF3 78
**PADPF4 77
PADPERIOD 65
PADMINUS 75
**PADCOMMA 76
!!PADENTER 81
$$!!LEFTALT 83
$$!!RIGHTALT 84
$$!!RIGHTCTRL 85
F1 86
F2 87
F3 88
F4 89
F5 90
F6 91
F7 92
F8 93
F9 94
F10 95
F11 96
F12 97
!!PRINT.SCREEN 98
$$!!SCROLL.LOCK 99
!!PAUSE 100
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!!INSERT 101
!!HOME 102
!!PAGEUP 103
!!END 104
!!PAGEDOWN 105
$$!!NUM.LOCK 106
PAD.BKSLASH/ 107
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LEGENDS VS KEYCODES IN DECIMAL
____________________________________
Legend Code
____________________________________
PAD.ASTER* 108
PAD.PLUS+ 109
config byte(1st of 2 bytes) 110
config byte(2nd of 2 bytes) DIP SW
GERlessThan 111
spare1 112
spare2 113
spare3 114
spare4 115
spare6 117
spare7 118
spare8 119
spare9 120
spare10 121
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KEYCODES IN DECIMAL VS LEGENDS
____________________________________
Code Legend
____________________________________
0 **BREAKKEY
1 **!!SETUPKEY
2 $$!!LEFTCTRL
3 $$!!CAPSLOCKKEY
4 $$!!RIGHTSHIFTKEY
5 $$!!LEFTSHIFTKEY
6 !!ESCKEY
7 ONEKEY
8 !!TABKEY
9 QKEY
10 AKEY
11 SKEY
12 **!!NOSCRLKEY
13 TWOKEY
14 THREEKEY
15 WKEY
16 EKEY
17 DKEY
18 FKEY
19 ZKEY
20 XKEY
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21 FOURKEY
22 FIVEKEY
23 RKEY
24 TKEY
25 GKEY
26 HKEY
27 CKEY
28 VKEY
29 SIXKEY
30 SEVENKEY
31 YKEY
32 UKEY
33 JKEY
34 KKEY
35 BKEY
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KEYCODES IN DECIMAL VS LEGENDS
______________________________________
Code Legend
______________________________________
36 NKEY
37 EIGHTKEY
38 NINEKEY
39 IKEY
40 OKEY
41 LKEY
42 SEMICOLONKEY
43 MKEY
44 COMMAKEY
45 ZEROKEY
46 MINUSKEY
47 PKEY
48 LEFTBRACKET
49 QUOTEKEY
50 RETURN.ENTER
51 PERIODKEY
52 VIRGULEKEY
53 EQUALKEY
54 ACCENTGRAVEKEY
55 RIGHTBRACKETKEY
56 BACKSLASHKEY
57 PADONEKEY
58 PADZEROKEY
59 **LINEFEEDKEY
60 BACKSPACEKEY
61 DELETEKEY
62 PADFOURKEY
63 PADTWOKEY
64 PADTHREEKEY
65 PADPERIODKEY
66 PADSEVENKEY
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67 PADEIGHTKEY
68 PADFIVEKEY
69 PADSIXKEY
70 **PADPF2KEY
71 **PADPF1KEY
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KEYCODES IN DECIMAL VS LEGENDS
______________________________________
Code Legend
______________________________________
72 LEFTARROWKEY
73 DOWNARROWKEY
74 PADNINEKEY
75 PADMINUSKEY
76 **PADCOMMAKEY
77 **PADPF4KEY
78 **PADPF3KEY
79 RIGHTARROWKEY
80 UPARROWKEY
81 !!PADENTERKEY
82 SPACEKEY
83 $$!!LEFTALT
84 $$!!RIGHTALT
85 $$!!RIGHTCTRL
86 F1
87 F2
88 F3
89 F4
90 F5
91 F6
92 F7
93 F8
94 F9
95 F10
96 F11
97 F12
98 !!PRINT.SCREEN
99 $$!!SCROLL.LOCK
100 !!PAUSE
101 !!INSERT
102 !!HOME
103 !!PAGEUP
104 !!END
105 !!PAGEDOWN
106 $$!!NUM.LOCK
107 PAD.BKSLASH/
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KEYCODES IN DECIMAL VS LEGENDS
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Code Legend
____________________________________
108 PAD.ASTER*
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109 PAD.PLUS+
110 config byte(1st of 2 bytes)
DIP SW config byte(2nd of 2 bytes)
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CONTROL BYTES RECOGNIZED BY KEYBOARD
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BIT DESCRIPTION
TRUE BIT 0 = 0 BIT 0 = 1
_________________________________________________________
1 short beep complement ds1 and ds2
2 long beep ds3
3 click disable ds4
4 return configuration byte ds5
5 ds1 ds6
6 ds2 ds7
7 enable auto-repeat not used
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DISPLAY LABELS
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DISPLAY DESIGNATION LABEL
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ds1 NUM LOCK
ds2 CAPS LOCK
ds3 SCROLL LOCK
ds4 L1
ds5 L2
ds6 L3
ds7 L4
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NOTE
Indy, Indigo2, O2, OCTANE and Onyx2 use a PS/2 style keyboard (detailed
in pckeyboard(7)) that uses a different scan code set. This difference
may break compatibility for some programs that operate with raw scan
codes.
SEE ALSOkeyboard(1), mouse(7), pckeyboard(7), pcmouse(7).
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