kill man page on HP-UX

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kill(1)								       kill(1)

NAME
       kill - send a signal to a process; terminate a process

SYNOPSIS
       signame] pid ...

       signum] pid ...

   Obsolescent Versions:
DESCRIPTION
       The  command  sends a signal to each process specified by a pid process
       identifier.  The default signal is which normally terminates  processes
       that do not trap or ignore the signal.

   Options
       recognizes the following options:

	      List all values of
				signame	 supported  by the implementation.  No
				signals are sent with this option.   The  sym‐
				bolic  names  of the signals (without the pre‐
				fix) are written to standard output, separated
				by spaces and newlines.

	      Send the specified signal name.
				The default is number signame can be specified
				in upper- and/or lowercase,  with  or  without
				the  prefix.   These values can be obtained by
				using the option.  The	symbolic  name	repre‐
				sents  signal  value  zero.  See "Signal Names
				and Numbers" below.

	      Send the specified decimal signal number.
				The default is See "Signal Names and  Numbers"
				below.

	      (Obsolescent.) Equivalent to

	      (Obsolescent.) Equivalent to

   Operands
       pid  is	a process identifier, an unsigned or negative integer that can
       be one of the following:

	      The number of a process.

	      All processes, except special system  processes,	whose  process
	      group
		     ID is equal to the process group ID of the sender.

	      All processes, except special system processes,
		     if	 the  user has appropriate privileges.	Otherwise, all
		     processes, except special system processes, whose real or
		     effective user ID is the same as the user ID of the send‐
		     ing process.

	      All processes, except special system  processes,	whose  process
	      group
		     ID	 is  equal to the absolute value of pid and whose real
		     or effective user ID is the same as the user of the send‐
		     ing process.

       Process	numbers can be found with the command (see ps(1)) and with the
       built-in command available in some shells.

   Signal Names and Numbers
       The following table describes a few of the more common signals that can
       be useful from a terminal.  For a complete list and a full description,
       see the header file and the manual entry signal(5).

     signum   signame	Name		Description
     ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
	0     SIGNULL	Null		Check access to pid
	1     SIGHUP	Hangup		Terminate; can be trapped
	2     SIGINT	Interrupt	Terminate; can be trapped
	3     SIGQUIT	Quit		Terminate with core dump; can be trapped
	9     SIGKILL	Kill		Forced termination; cannot be trapped
       15     SIGTERM	Terminate	Terminate; can be trapped
       24     SIGSTOP	Stop		Pause the process; cannot be trapped
       25     SIGTSTP	Terminal stop	Pause the process; can be trapped
       26     SIGCONT	Continue	Run a stopped process

       the null signal, invokes error checking but no signal is actually sent.
       This can be used to test the validity or existence of pid.

       the  (default)  terminate  signal,  can	be  trapped  by	 the receiving
       process, allowing the receiver to execute an  orderly  shutdown	or  to
       ignore  the  signal entirely.  For orderly operations, this is the pre‐
       ferred choice.

       the kill signal, forces a process to terminate immediately.  Since can‐
       not  be trapped or ignored, it is useful for terminating a process that
       does not respond to

       The receiving process must belong to the user of the  sending  process,
       unless the user has appropriate privileges.

       As  a  single  special case, the continue signal SIGCONT can be sent to
       any process that is a  member  of  the  same  session  as  the  sending
       process.

RETURN VALUE
       Upon completion, returns with one of the following values:

	      At least one matching process was found for each
		   pid operand, and the specified signal was successfully pro‐
		   cessed for at least one matching process.

	      An error occurred.

EXAMPLES
       The command:

       signals process number 6135 to terminate.  This gives  the  process  an
       opportunity to exit gracefully (removing temporary files, etc.).

       The following equivalent commands:

       terminate  process  number  6135	 abruptly  by  sending a signal to the
       process.	 This tells the kernel to remove the process immediately.

WARNINGS
       If a process hangs during some operation (such as I/O) so  that	it  is
       never  scheduled, it cannot die until it is allowed to run.  Thus, such
       a process may never go away after the kill.   Similarly,	 defunct  pro‐
       cesses  (see  ps(1)) may have already finished executing, but remain on
       the system until their parent reaps them (see wait(2)).	Using to  send
       signals to them has no effect.

       Some  non-HP-UX	implementations	 provide only as a shell built-in com‐
       mand.

DEPENDENCIES
       This manual entry describes the external command and the built-in  com‐
       mand of the POSIX shell (see sh-posix(1)).  Other shells, such as C and
       Korn (see csh(1) and ksh(1) respectively), also provide as  a  built-in
       command.	 The syntax for and output from these built-ins may be differ‐
       ent.

SEE ALSO
       csh(1), ksh(1), ps(1), sh(1), sh-posix(1), kill(2), wait(2), signal(5).

STANDARDS CONFORMANCE
								       kill(1)
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