Man page or keyword search:   man All Sections 1 - General Commands 2 - System Calls 3 - Subroutines, Functions 4 - Special Files 5 - File Formats 6 - Games and Screensavers 7 - Macros and Conventions 8 - Maintenence Commands 9 - Kernel Interface New Commands Server 4.4BSD AIX Alpinelinux Archlinux Aros BSDOS BSDi Bifrost CentOS Cygwin Darwin Debian DigitalUNIX DragonFly ElementaryOS Fedora FreeBSD Gentoo GhostBSD HP-UX Haiku Hurd IRIX Inferno JazzOS Kali Knoppix LinuxMint MacOSX Mageia Mandriva Manjaro Minix MirBSD NeXTSTEP NetBSD OPENSTEP OSF1 OpenBSD OpenDarwin OpenIndiana OpenMandriva OpenServer OpenSuSE OpenVMS Oracle PC-BSD Peanut Pidora Plan9 QNX Raspbian RedHat Scientific Slackware SmartOS Solaris SuSE SunOS Syllable Tru64 UNIXv7 Ubuntu Ultrix UnixWare Xenix YellowDog aLinux   44335 pages apropos Keyword Search (all sections) Output format html ascii pdf view pdf save postscript

LAST(1)			  BSD General Commands Manual		       LAST(1)

NAME
     last — indicate last logins of users and ttys

SYNOPSIS
     last [-n] [-T] [-f file] [-h host] [-t tty] [-L linesize] [-N namesize]
	  [-H hostsize] [user ...]

DESCRIPTION
     last will list the sessions of specified users, ttys, and hosts, in
     reverse time order.  Each line of output contains the user name, the tty
     from which the session was conducted, any hostname, the start and stop
     times for the session, and the duration of the session.  If the session
     is still continuing or was cut short by a crash or shutdown, last will so
     indicate.

     -f file	 last reads the file file instead of the default,
		 /var/log/wtmpx or /var/log/wtmp.  If the file ends with `x',
		 it is treated as a utmpx(5) format file, else it is treated
		 as a utmp(5) format file.

     -n		 Limits the report to n lines.

     -t tty	 Specify the tty.  Tty names may be given fully or abbrevi‐
		 ated, for example, “last -t 03” is equivalent to “last -t
		 tty03”.

     -h host	 Host names may be names or internet numbers.

     -T		 Display better time information, including the year and sec‐
		 onds.

     -L linesize
		 Use the provided linesize as the width to format the tty
		 field.

     -N namesize
		 Use the provided namesize as the width to format the login
		 name field.

     -H hostsize
		 Use the provided hostsize as the width to format the host
		 name field.

     If multiple arguments are given, the information which applies to any of
     the arguments is printed, e.g., “last root -t console” would list all of
     “root's” sessions as well as all sessions on the console terminal.	 If no
     users, hostnames or terminals are specified, last prints a record of all
     logins and logouts.

     The pseudo-user reboot logs in at reboots of the system, thus “last
     reboot” will give an indication of mean time between reboot.

     If last is interrupted, it indicates to what date the search has pro‐
     gressed.  If interrupted with a quit signal last indicates how far the
     search has progressed and then continues.

FILES
     /var/log/wtmpx  login data base
     /var/log/wtmp   login data base

SEE ALSO
     lastcomm(1), utmpx(5), utmp(5), ac(8)

HISTORY
     last appeared in 3.0BSD.

BSD				 June 6, 1993				   BSD

Vote for polarhome