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LAST(1)								       LAST(1)

NAME
       last - list logins on the system

SYNOPSIS
       last   [ -num | -n num | --lines num ]
	      [ -f filename | --file filename ]
	      [ people ...  ] [ ttys ...  ]
	      [ --complain ] [ --no-truncate-ftp-entries ]
	      [ -x | --more-records ] [ -a | --all-records ]
	      [ --tw-leniency num ] [ --tw-suspicious num ]
	      [ -i | --ip-address ] [ --debug ] [ -w | --wide ]
	      [ -s | --print-seconds ] [ -y | --print-year ]
	      [ -V | --version ] [ -h | --help ]

DESCRIPTION
       last looks through the file wtmp (which records all logins/logouts) and
       prints information about connect times of users.	 Records  are  printed
       from  most recent to least recent.  Records can be specified by tty and
       username.  tty names can be abbreviated:
				       last 0
       is equivalent to
				     last tty0.

       Multiple arguments can be specified:
				  last root console
       will print all of the entries for the user root and all entries	logged
       in on the console tty.

       The special users reboot and shutdown log in when the system reboots or
       (surprise) shuts down.
				     last reboot
       will produce a record of reboot times.

       If last is interrupted by a quit signal, it  prints  out	 how  far  its
       search in the wtmp file had reached and then quits.

OPTIONS
       -n num, --lines num
	      Limit  the number of lines that last outputs.  This is different
	      from u*x last, which lets you specify the number right  after  a
	      dash.
       -f filename, --file filename
	      Read from the file filename instead of the system's wtmp file.
       --complain
	      When  the	 wtmp file has a problem (a time-warp, missing record,
	      or whatever), print out an appropriate error.
       --tw-leniency num
	      Set the time warp leniency to  num  seconds.   Records  in  wtmp
	      files  might be slightly out of order (most notably when two lo‐
	      gins occur within a one-second period  -	the  second  one  gets
	      written  first).	 By  default, this value is set to 60.	If the
	      program notices this problem, time is not assigned to users  un‐
	      less the --timewarps flag is used.
       --tw-suspicious num
	      Set  the	time  warp  suspicious	value  to num seconds.	If two
	      records in the wtmp file are farther than this number of seconds
	      apart,  there  is	 a problem with the wtmp file (or your machine
	      hasn't been used in a year).  If the program notices this	 prob‐
	      lem,  time  is not assigned to users unless the --timewarps flag
	      is used.
       --no-truncate-ftp-entries
	      When printing out the information, don't chop  the  number  part
	      off of `ftp'XXXX entries.
       -x, --more-records
	      Print  out run level changes, shutdowns, and time changes in ad‐
	      dition to the normal records.
       -a, --all-records
	      Print out all records in the wtmp file.
       -i, --ip-address
	      Some machines store the IP address of a  connection  in  a  utmp
	      record.	Enabling  this	option makes last print the IP address
	      instead of the hostname.
       -w, --wide
	      By default, last tries to print each entry within in 80 columns.
	      Use  this option to instruct last to print out the fields in the
	      wtmp file with full field widths.
       --debug
	      Print verbose internal information.
       -s, --print-seconds
	      Print seconds when displaying dates.
       -y, --print-year
	      Print year when displaying dates.
       -V, --version
	      Print last's version number.
       -h, --help
	      Prints the usage string and default locations of system files to
	      standard output and exits.
FILES
       wtmp
	      The  system  wide login record file. See wtmp(5) for further de‐
	      tails.
AUTHOR
       The   GNU   accounting	utilities   were   written   by	  Noel	 Cragg
       <noel@gnu.ai.mit.edu>.  The  man	 page  was  added by Dirk Eddelbuettel
       <edd@qed.econ.queensu.ca>.
SEE ALSO
       who(1), wtmp(5)

				1997 August 19			       LAST(1)
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