more(1)more(1)Name
more, page - display file data at your terminal
Syntaxmore [-cdflsu] [-n] [+linenumber] [+/pattern] [name...]
page more options
Description
The filter allows you to examine a file one screenful of text at a time
on a soft-copy terminal. It normally pauses after each screenful,
printing --More-- at the bottom of the screen. If the user then types
a carriage return, one more line is displayed. If the user presses the
space bar, another screenful is displayed.
Options
+linenumber Start up at linenumber.
+/pattern Start up two lines before the line containing the regular
expression pattern. The command line options are:
-c Begins each page at the top of the screen and erases each
line just before it draws on it. This avoids scrolling the
screen, making it easier to read while is writing. This
option is ignored if the terminal does not have the ability
to clear to the end of a line.
-d Displays extended continuation prompt at end of each dis‐
play. The command prompts the user with the message "Press
space to continue, ´q´ to quit." at the end of each screen‐
ful, and responds to subsequent illegal user input by
printing "Press ´h´ for instructions." instead of ringing
the bell. This is useful if more is being used as a filter
in some setting, such as a class, where many users may be
unsophisticated.
-f Counts logical text lines (does not fold long lines). This
option is recommended if output is being piped through
since the latter may generate escape sequences. These
escape sequences contain characters which would ordinarily
occupy screen positions, but which do not print when they
are sent to the terminal as part of an escape sequence.
Thus may think that lines are longer than they actually
are, and fold lines erroneously.
-l Ignores line feeds (CTRL/Ls) and normally, pauses at line
feeds. If this option is not given, pauses after any line
that contains a ^L, as if the end of a screenful had been
reached. Also, if a file begins with a form feed, the
screen is cleared before the file is printed.
-n Specifies number of line displays.
-s Squeezes multiple blank lines from the output, producing
only one blank line. Especially helpful when viewing out‐
put, this option maximizes the useful information present
on the screen.
-u Ignores all underlining in the data. If the terminal can
perform underlining or has a stand-out mode, outputs appro‐
priate escape sequences to enable underlining or stand-out
mode for underlined information in the source file. The -u
option suppresses this processing.
If the program is invoked as page, then the screen is cleared before
each screenful is printed (but only if a full screenful is being
printed), and k - 1 rather than k - 2 lines are printed in each screen‐
ful, where k is the number of lines the terminal can display.
The command looks in the file /etc/termcap to determine terminal char‐
acteristics, and to determine the default window size. On a terminal
capable of displaying 24 lines, the default window size is 22 lines.
The command looks in the environment variable MORE to pre-set any flags
desired. It scans the arguments defined in variable MORE, the same way
it works on command line. For example, if you prefer to view files
using the -c mode of operation, the command setenv MORE -c or the com‐
mand sequence MORE='-c' ; export MORE would cause all invocations of
including invocations by programs such as and to use this mode. Nor‐
mally, the user places the command sequence which sets up the MORE
environment variable in the .cshrc or .profile file.
If is reading from a file, rather than a pipe, then a percentage is
displayed along with the --More-- prompt. This gives the fraction of
the file (in characters, not lines) that has been read so far.
Other sequences which may be typed when pauses, and their effects, are
as follows (i is an optional integer argument, defaulting to 1) :
i<space> Display i more lines, (or another screenful if no argument
is given)
^D Display 11 more lines (a ``scroll''). If i is given, then
the scroll size is set to i.
d Same as ^D (control-D)
iz Same as typing a space except that i, if present, becomes
the new window size.
is Skip i lines and print a screenful of lines
if Skip i screenfuls and print a screenful of lines
ib or i^B Skip back i screenfuls and print a screenful of lines
q or Q Exit from more.
= Display the current line number.
v Start up the editor at the current line.
h or ? Help command; give a description of all the more commands.
i/expr Search for the i-th occurrence of the regular expression
expr. If there are less than i occurrences of expr, and
the input is a file (rather than a pipe), then the position
in the file remains unchanged. Otherwise, a screenful is
displayed, starting two lines before the place where the
expression was found. The user's erase and kill characters
may be used to edit the regular expression. Erasing back
past the first column cancels the search command. of the
last regular expression entered.
in Search for the i-th occurrence
' (single quote) Go to the point from which the last search
started. If no search has been performed in the current
file, this command goes back to the beginning of the file.
!command Invoke a shell with command. The characters `%' and `!' in
"command" are replaced with the current file name and the
previous shell command respectively. If there is no cur‐
rent file name, `%' is not expanded. The sequences "\%"
and "\!" are replaced by "%" and "!" respectively.
i:n skip to the i-th next file given in the command line (skips
to last file if n doesn't make sense)
i:p Skip to the i-th previous file given in the command line.
If this command is given in the middle of printing out a
file, then goes back to the beginning of the file. If i
doesn't make sense, skips back to the first file. If is
not reading from a file, the bell is rung and nothing else
happens.
:f Display the current file name and line number.
:q or :Q Exit from
. (dot) Repeat the previous command.
The commands take effect immediately, that is, it is not necessary to
type a carriage return. Up to the time when the command character
itself is given, the user may hit the line kill character to cancel the
numerical argument being formed. In addition, the user may hit the
erase character to redisplay the --More--(xx%) message.
At any time when output is being sent to the terminal, the user can hit
the quit key (normally control-\). The command stops sending output,
and displays the usual --More-- prompt. The user may then enter one of
the above commands in the normal manner. Unfortunately, some output is
lost when this is done, due to the fact that any characters waiting in
the terminal's output queue are flushed when the quit signal occurs.
The terminal is set to noecho mode by this program so that the output
can be continuous. What you type not show on your terminal, except for
the / and ! commands.
If the standard output is not a teletype, then acts just like except
that a header is printed before each file (if there is more than one).
A sample usage of in previewing output would be
nroff -ms doc.n | more-s
Files
/etc/termcap Terminal data base
/usr/lib/more.help Help file
See Alsocsh(1), man(1), msgs(1), script(1), sh(1), environ(7)more(1)
