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MYSQLBINLOG(1)		     MySQL Database System		MYSQLBINLOG(1)

NAME
       mysqlbinlog - utility for processing binary log files

SYNOPSIS
       mysqlbinlog [options] log_file ...

DESCRIPTION
       The server's binary log consists of files containing “events” that
       describe modifications to database contents. The server writes these
       files in binary format. To display their contents in text format, use
       the mysqlbinlog utility. You can also use mysqlbinlog to display the
       contents of relay log files written by a slave server in a replication
       setup because relay logs have the same format as binary logs. The
       binary log and relay log are discussed further in Section 5.2.4, “The
       Binary Log”, and Section 16.2.2, “Replication Relay and Status Logs”.

       Invoke mysqlbinlog like this:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog [options] log_file ...

       For example, to display the contents of the binary log file named
       binlog.000003, use this command:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.0000003

       The output includes events contained in binlog.000003. For
       statement-based logging, event information includes the SQL statement,
       the ID of the server on which it was executed, the timestamp when the
       statement was executed, how much time it took, and so forth. For
       row-based logging, the event indicates a row change rather than an SQL
       statement. See Section 16.1.2, “Replication Formats”, for information
       about logging modes.

       Events are preceded by header comments that provide additional
       information. For example:

	   # at 141
	   #100309  9:28:36 server id 123  end_log_pos 245
	     Query thread_id=3350  exec_time=11	 error_code=0

       In the first line, the number following at indicates the starting
       position of the event in the binary log file.

       The second line starts with a date and time indicating when the
       statement started on the server where the event originated. For
       replication, this timestamp is propagated to slave servers.  server id
       is the server_id value of the server where the event originated.
       end_log_pos indicates where the next event starts (that is, it is the
       end position of the current event + 1).	thread_id indicates which
       thread executed the event.  exec_time is the time spent executing the
       event, on a master server. On a slave, it is the difference of the end
       execution time on the slave minus the beginning execution time on the
       master. The difference serves as an indicator of how much replication
       lags behind the master.	error_code indicates the result from executing
       the event. Zero means that no error occurred.

       The output from mysqlbinlog can be re-executed (for example, by using
       it as input to mysql) to redo the statements in the log. This is useful
       for recovery operations after a server crash. For other usage examples,
       see the discussion later in this section and in Section 7.5, “Point-in-
       Time (Incremental) Recovery Using the Binary Log”.

       Normally, you use mysqlbinlog to read binary log files directly and
       apply them to the local MySQL server. It is also possible to read
       binary logs from a remote server by using the --read-from-remote-server
       option. To read remote binary logs, the connection parameter options
       can be given to indicate how to connect to the server. These options
       are --host, --password, --port, --protocol, --socket, and --user; they
       are ignored except when you also use the --read-from-remote-server
       option.

       mysqlbinlog supports the following options, which can be specified on
       the command line or in the [mysqlbinlog] and [client] groups of an
       option file.  mysqlbinlog also supports the options for processing
       option files described at Section 4.2.3.4, “Command-Line Options that
       Affect Option-File Handling”.

       ·   --help, -?

	   Display a help message and exit.

       ·   --base64-output[=value]

	   This option determines when events should be displayed encoded as
	   base-64 strings using BINLOG statements. The option has these
	   permissible values (not case sensitive):

	   ·   AUTO ("automatic") or UNSPEC ("unspecified") displays BINLOG
	       statements automatically when necessary (that is, for format
	       description events and row events). If no --base64-output
	       option is given, the effect is the same as
	       --base64-output=AUTO.

		   Note
		   Automatic BINLOG display is the only safe behavior if you
		   intend to use the output of mysqlbinlog to re-execute
		   binary log file contents. The other option values are
		   intended only for debugging or testing purposes because
		   they may produce output that does not include all events in
		   executable form.

	   ·   ALWAYS displays BINLOG statements whenever possible. If the
	       --base64-output option is given without a value, the effect is
	       the same as --base64-output=ALWAYS.

		   Note
		   Changes to replication in MySQL 5.6 make output generated
		   by this option unusable, so ALWAYS is deprecated as of
		   MySQL 5.5.8 and will be an invalid value in MySQL 5.6

	   ·   NEVER causes BINLOG statements not to be displayed.
	       mysqlbinlog exits with an error if a row event is found that
	       must be displayed using BINLOG.

	   ·   DECODE-ROWS specifies to mysqlbinlog that you intend for row
	       events to be decoded and displayed as commented SQL statements
	       by also specifying the --verbose option. Like NEVER,
	       DECODE-ROWS suppresses display of BINLOG statements, but unlike
	       NEVER, it does not exit with an error if a row event is found.

	   For examples that show the effect of --base64-output and --verbose
	   on row event output, see the section called “MYSQLBINLOG ROW EVENT
	   DISPLAY”.

       ·   --bind-address=ip_address

	   On a computer having multiple network interfaces, this option can
	   be used to select which interface is employed when connecting to
	   the MySQL server.

	   This option is supported beginning with MySQL 5.5.8.

       ·   --character-sets-dir=path

	   The directory where character sets are installed. See Section 10.5,
	   “Character Set Configuration”.

       ·   --database=db_name, -d db_name

	   This option causes mysqlbinlog to output entries from the binary
	   log (local log only) that occur while db_name is been selected as
	   the default database by USE.

	   The --database option for mysqlbinlog is similar to the
	   --binlog-do-db option for mysqld, but can be used to specify only
	   one database. If --database is given multiple times, only the last
	   instance is used.

	   The effects of this option depend on whether the statement-based or
	   row-based logging format is in use, in the same way that the
	   effects of --binlog-do-db depend on whether statement-based or
	   row-based logging is in use.

	   Statement-based logging. The --database option works as follows:

	   ·   While db_name is the default database, statements are output
	       whether they modify tables in db_name or a different database.

	   ·   Unless db_name is selected as the default database, statements
	       are not output, even if they modify tables in db_name.

	   ·   There is an exception for CREATE DATABASE, ALTER DATABASE, and
	       DROP DATABASE. The database being created, altered, or dropped
	       is considered to be the default database when determining
	       whether to output the statement.

	   Suppose that the binary log was created by executing these
	   statements using statement-based-logging:

	       INSERT INTO test.t1 (i) VALUES(100);
	       INSERT INTO db2.t2 (j)  VALUES(200);
	       USE test;
	       INSERT INTO test.t1 (i) VALUES(101);
	       INSERT INTO t1 (i)      VALUES(102);
	       INSERT INTO db2.t2 (j)  VALUES(201);
	       USE db2;
	       INSERT INTO test.t1 (i) VALUES(103);
	       INSERT INTO db2.t2 (j)  VALUES(202);
	       INSERT INTO t2 (j)      VALUES(203);

	   mysqlbinlog --database=test does not output the first two INSERT
	   statements because there is no default database. It outputs the
	   three INSERT statements following USE test, but not the three
	   INSERT statements following USE db2.

	   mysqlbinlog --database=db2 does not output the first two INSERT
	   statements because there is no default database. It does not output
	   the three INSERT statements following USE test, but does output the
	   three INSERT statements following USE db2.

	   Row-based logging.  mysqlbinlog outputs only entries that change
	   tables belonging to db_name. The default database has no effect on
	   this. Suppose that the binary log just described was created using
	   row-based logging rather than statement-based logging.  mysqlbinlog
	   --database=test outputs only those entries that modify t1 in the
	   test database, regardless of whether USE was issued or what the
	   default database is.	 If a server is running with binlog_format set
	   to MIXED and you want it to be possible to use mysqlbinlog with the
	   --database option, you must ensure that tables that are modified
	   are in the database selected by USE. (In particular, no
	   cross-database updates should be used.)

	       Note
	       Prior to MySQL Cluster NDB 7.2.2, this option did not work
	       correctly with MySQL Cluster tables unless, unless the binary
	       log was generated using --log-bin-use-v1-row-events=0. (Bug
	       #13067813)

       ·   --debug[=debug_options], -# [debug_options]

	   Write a debugging log. A typical debug_options string is
	   'd:t:o,file_name'. The default is 'd:t:o,/tmp/mysqlbinlog.trace'.

       ·   --debug-check

	   Print some debugging information when the program exits.

       ·   --debug-info

	   Print debugging information and memory and CPU usage statistics
	   when the program exits.

       ·   --default-auth=plugin

	   The client-side authentication plugin to use. See Section 6.3.6,
	   “Pluggable Authentication”.

	   This option was added in MySQL 5.5.10.

       ·   --disable-log-bin, -D

	   Disable binary logging. This is useful for avoiding an endless loop
	   if you use the --to-last-log option and are sending the output to
	   the same MySQL server. This option also is useful when restoring
	   after a crash to avoid duplication of the statements you have
	   logged.

	   This option requires that you have the SUPER privilege. It causes
	   mysqlbinlog to include a SET sql_log_bin = 0 statement in its
	   output to disable binary logging of the remaining output. The SET
	   statement is ineffective unless you have the SUPER privilege.

       ·   --force-if-open, -F

	   Read binary log files even if they are open or were not closed
	   properly.

       ·   --force-read, -f

	   With this option, if mysqlbinlog reads a binary log event that it
	   does not recognize, it prints a warning, ignores the event, and
	   continues. Without this option, mysqlbinlog stops if it reads such
	   an event.

       ·   --hexdump, -H

	   Display a hex dump of the log in comments, as described in the
	   section called “MYSQLBINLOG HEX DUMP FORMAT”. The hex output can be
	   helpful for replication debugging.

       ·   --host=host_name, -h host_name

	   Get the binary log from the MySQL server on the given host.

       ·   --local-load=path, -l path

	   Prepare local temporary files for LOAD DATA INFILE in the specified
	   directory.

	       Important
	       These temporary files are not automatically removed by
	       mysqlbinlog or any other MySQL program.

       ·   --offset=N, -o N

	   Skip the first N entries in the log.

       ·   --password[=password], -p[password]

	   The password to use when connecting to the server. If you use the
	   short option form (-p), you cannot have a space between the option
	   and the password. If you omit the password value following the
	   --password or -p option on the command line, mysqlbinlog prompts
	   for one.

	   Specifying a password on the command line should be considered
	   insecure. See Section 6.1.2.1, “End-User Guidelines for Password
	   Security”. You can use an option file to avoid giving the password
	   on the command line.

       ·   --plugin-dir=path

	   The directory in which to look for plugins. It may be necessary to
	   specify this option if the --default-auth option is used to specify
	   an authentication plugin but mysqlbinlog does not find it. See
	   Section 6.3.6, “Pluggable Authentication”.

	   This option was added in MySQL 5.5.10.

       ·   --port=port_num, -P port_num

	   The TCP/IP port number to use for connecting to a remote server.

       ·   --position=N

	   Deprecated. Use --start-position instead.  --position was removed
	   in MySQL 5.5.3.

       ·   --protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}

	   The connection protocol to use for connecting to the server. It is
	   useful when the other connection parameters normally would cause a
	   protocol to be used other than the one you want. For details on the
	   permissible values, see Section 4.2.2, “Connecting to the MySQL
	   Server”.

       ·   --read-from-remote-server, -R

	   Read the binary log from a MySQL server rather than reading a local
	   log file. Any connection parameter options are ignored unless this
	   option is given as well. These options are --host, --password,
	   --port, --protocol, --socket, and --user.

	   This option requires that the remote server be running. It works
	   only for binary log files on the remote server, not relay log
	   files.

       ·   --result-file=name, -r name

	   Direct output to the given file.

       ·   --server-id=id

	   Display only those events created by the server having the given
	   server ID.

       ·   --server-id-bits=N

	   Use only the first N bits of the server_id to identify the server.
	   If the binary log was written by a mysqld with server-id-bits set
	   to less than 32 and user data stored in the most significant bit,
	   running mysqlbinlog with --server-id-bits set to 32 enables this
	   data to be seen.

	   This option is supported only by the versions of mysqlbinlog
	   supplied with the MySQL Cluster distribution, or built from the
	   MySQL Cluster sources.

       ·   --set-charset=charset_name

	   Add a SET NAMES charset_name statement to the output to specify the
	   character set to be used for processing log files.

       ·   --short-form, -s

	   Display only the statements contained in the log, without any extra
	   information or row-based events. This is for testing only, and
	   should not be used in production systems.

       ·   --socket=path, -S path

	   For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use, or, on
	   Windows, the name of the named pipe to use.

       ·   --start-datetime=datetime

	   Start reading the binary log at the first event having a timestamp
	   equal to or later than the datetime argument. The datetime value is
	   relative to the local time zone on the machine where you run
	   mysqlbinlog. The value should be in a format accepted for the
	   DATETIME or TIMESTAMP data types. For example:

	       shell> mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="2005-12-25 11:25:56" binlog.000003

	   This option is useful for point-in-time recovery. See Section 7.3,
	   “Example Backup and Recovery Strategy”.

       ·   --start-position=N, -j N

	   Start reading the binary log at the first event having a position
	   equal to or greater than N. This option applies to the first log
	   file named on the command line.

	   This option is useful for point-in-time recovery. See Section 7.3,
	   “Example Backup and Recovery Strategy”.

       ·   --stop-datetime=datetime

	   Stop reading the binary log at the first event having a timestamp
	   equal to or later than the datetime argument. This option is useful
	   for point-in-time recovery. See the description of the
	   --start-datetime option for information about the datetime value.

	   This option is useful for point-in-time recovery. See Section 7.3,
	   “Example Backup and Recovery Strategy”.

       ·   --stop-position=N

	   Stop reading the binary log at the first event having a position
	   equal to or greater than N. This option applies to the last log
	   file named on the command line.

	   This option is useful for point-in-time recovery. See Section 7.3,
	   “Example Backup and Recovery Strategy”.

       ·   --to-last-log, -t

	   Do not stop at the end of the requested binary log from a MySQL
	   server, but rather continue printing until the end of the last
	   binary log. If you send the output to the same MySQL server, this
	   may lead to an endless loop. This option requires
	   --read-from-remote-server.

       ·   --user=user_name, -u user_name

	   The MySQL user name to use when connecting to a remote server.

       ·   --verbose, -v

	   Reconstruct row events and display them as commented SQL
	   statements. If this option is given twice, the output includes
	   comments to indicate column data types and some metadata.

	   For examples that show the effect of --base64-output and --verbose
	   on row event output, see the section called “MYSQLBINLOG ROW EVENT
	   DISPLAY”.

       ·   --version, -V

	   Display version information and exit.

       You can also set the following variable by using --var_name=value
       syntax:

       ·   open_files_limit

	   Specify the number of open file descriptors to reserve.

       You can pipe the output of mysqlbinlog into the mysql client to execute
       the events contained in the binary log. This technique is used to
       recover from a crash when you have an old backup (see Section 7.5,
       “Point-in-Time (Incremental) Recovery Using the Binary Log”). For
       example:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000001 | mysql -u root -p

       Or:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.[0-9]* | mysql -u root -p

       You can also redirect the output of mysqlbinlog to a text file instead,
       if you need to modify the statement log first (for example, to remove
       statements that you do not want to execute for some reason). After
       editing the file, execute the statements that it contains by using it
       as input to the mysql program:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000001 > tmpfile
	   shell> ... edit tmpfile ...
	   shell> mysql -u root -p < tmpfile

       When mysqlbinlog is invoked with the --start-position option, it
       displays only those events with an offset in the binary log greater
       than or equal to a given position (the given position must match the
       start of one event). It also has options to stop and start when it sees
       an event with a given date and time. This enables you to perform
       point-in-time recovery using the --stop-datetime option (to be able to
       say, for example, “roll forward my databases to how they were today at
       10:30 a.m.”).

       If you have more than one binary log to execute on the MySQL server,
       the safe method is to process them all using a single connection to the
       server. Here is an example that demonstrates what may be unsafe:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000001 | mysql -u root -p # DANGER!!
	   shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000002 | mysql -u root -p # DANGER!!

       Processing binary logs this way using multiple connections to the
       server causes problems if the first log file contains a CREATE
       TEMPORARY TABLE statement and the second log contains a statement that
       uses the temporary table. When the first mysql process terminates, the
       server drops the temporary table. When the second mysql process
       attempts to use the table, the server reports “unknown table.”

       To avoid problems like this, use a single mysql process to execute the
       contents of all binary logs that you want to process. Here is one way
       to do so:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000001 binlog.000002 | mysql -u root -p

       Another approach is to write all the logs to a single file and then
       process the file:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000001 >  /tmp/statements.sql
	   shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000002 >> /tmp/statements.sql
	   shell> mysql -u root -p -e "source /tmp/statements.sql"

       mysqlbinlog can produce output that reproduces a LOAD DATA INFILE
       operation without the original data file.  mysqlbinlog copies the data
       to a temporary file and writes a LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE statement that
       refers to the file. The default location of the directory where these
       files are written is system-specific. To specify a directory
       explicitly, use the --local-load option.

       Because mysqlbinlog converts LOAD DATA INFILE statements to LOAD DATA
       LOCAL INFILE statements (that is, it adds LOCAL), both the client and
       the server that you use to process the statements must be configured
       with the LOCAL capability enabled. See Section 6.1.6, “Security Issues
       with LOAD DATA LOCAL”.

	   Warning
	   The temporary files created for LOAD DATA LOCAL statements are not
	   automatically deleted because they are needed until you actually
	   execute those statements. You should delete the temporary files
	   yourself after you no longer need the statement log. The files can
	   be found in the temporary file directory and have names like
	   original_file_name-#-#.

MYSQLBINLOG HEX DUMP FORMAT
       The --hexdump option causes mysqlbinlog to produce a hex dump of the
       binary log contents:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog --hexdump master-bin.000001

       The hex output consists of comment lines beginning with #, so the
       output might look like this for the preceding command:

	   /*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
	   /*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
	   # at 4
	   #051024 17:24:13 server id 1	 end_log_pos 98
	   # Position  Timestamp   Type	  Master ID	   Size	     Master Pos	   Flags
	   # 00000004 9d fc 5c 43   0f	 01 00 00 00   5e 00 00 00   62 00 00 00   00 00
	   # 00000017 04 00 35 2e 30 2e 31 35  2d 64 65 62 75 67 2d 6c |..5.0.15.debug.l|
	   # 00000027 6f 67 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |og..............|
	   # 00000037 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
	   # 00000047 00 00 00 00 9d fc 5c 43  13 38 0d 00 08 00 12 00 |.......C.8......|
	   # 00000057 04 04 04 04 12 00 00 4b  00 04 1a		       |.......K...|
	   #	   Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.0.15-debug-log created 051024 17:24:13
	   #	   at startup
	   ROLLBACK;

       Hex dump output currently contains the elements in the following list.
       This format is subject to change. (For more information about binary
       log format, see MySQL Internals: The Binary Log[1].

       ·   Position: The byte position within the log file.

       ·   Timestamp: The event timestamp. In the example shown, '9d fc 5c 43'
	   is the representation of '051024 17:24:13' in hexadecimal.

       ·   Type: The event type code. In the example shown, '0f' indicates a
	   FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT. The following table lists the possible
	   type codes.

	   ┌─────┬──────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────────────────┐
	   │Type │ Name			    │ Meaning				   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │00	 │ UNKNOWN_EVENT	    │ This event should			   │
	   │	 │			    │ never be present in		   │
	   │	 │			    │ the log.				   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │01	 │ START_EVENT_V3	    │ This indicates the		   │
	   │	 │			    │ start of a log file		   │
	   │	 │			    │ written by MySQL 4		   │
	   │	 │			    │ or earlier.			   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │02	 │ QUERY_EVENT		    │ The most common			   │
	   │	 │			    │ type of events.			   │
	   │	 │			    │ These contain			   │
	   │	 │			    │ statements executed		   │
	   │	 │			    │ on the				   │
	   │	 │			    │			  master.	   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │03	 │ STOP_EVENT		    │ Indicates that master has		   │
	   │	 │			    │ stopped.				   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │04	 │ ROTATE_EVENT		    │ Written when the master		   │
	   │	 │			    │ switches to a new log file.	   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │05	 │ INTVAR_EVENT		    │ Used for AUTO_INCREMENT		   │
	   │	 │			    │ values or when the		   │
	   │	 │			    │			  LAST_INSERT_ID() │
	   │	 │			    │			  function	   │
	   │	 │			    │ is used in the statement.		   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │06	 │ LOAD_EVENT		    │ Used for LOAD DATA		   │
	   │	 │			    │			  INFILE in MySQL  │
	   │	 │			    │ 3.23.				   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │07	 │ SLAVE_EVENT		    │ Reserved for future use.		   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │08	 │ CREATE_FILE_EVENT	    │ Used for LOAD DATA		   │
	   │	 │			    │			  INFILE	   │
	   │	 │			    │ statements. This indicates the	   │
	   │	 │			    │			  start of	   │
	   │	 │			    │ execution of such a statement. A	   │
	   │	 │			    │ temporary				   │
	   │	 │			    │			  file is created  │
	   │	 │			    │ on the slave. Used in MySQL 4 only.  │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │09	 │ APPEND_BLOCK_EVENT	    │ Contains data for use in a	   │
	   │	 │			    │			  LOAD DATA	   │
	   │	 │			    │			  INFILE	   │
	   │	 │			    │ statement. The data is stored in	   │
	   │	 │			    │			  the temporary	   │
	   │	 │			    │ file on the slave.		   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │0a	 │ EXEC_LOAD_EVENT	    │ Used for LOAD DATA		   │
	   │	 │			    │			  INFILE	   │
	   │	 │			    │ statements. The contents of the	   │
	   │	 │			    │			  temporary file   │
	   │	 │			    │ is stored in the table on the slave. │
	   │	 │			    │			  Used in MySQL 4  │
	   │	 │			    │ only.				   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │0b	 │ DELETE_FILE_EVENT	    │ Rollback of a LOAD DATA		   │
	   │	 │			    │			  INFILE	   │
	   │	 │			    │ statement. The temporary file	   │
	   │	 │			    │			  should be	   │
	   │	 │			    │ deleted on the slave.		   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │0c	 │ NEW_LOAD_EVENT	    │ Used for LOAD DATA		   │
	   │	 │			    │			  INFILE in MySQL  │
	   │	 │			    │ 4 and earlier.			   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │0d	 │ RAND_EVENT		    │ Used to send information about	   │
	   │	 │			    │ random values if the		   │
	   │	 │			    │			  RAND() function  │
	   │	 │			    │ is				   │
	   │	 │			    │			  used in the	   │
	   │	 │			    │ statement.			   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │0e	 │ USER_VAR_EVENT	    │ Used to replicate user variables.	   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │0f	 │ FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT │ This indicates the start of a log	   │
	   │	 │			    │ file written by MySQL 5 or later.	   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │10	 │ XID_EVENT		    │ Event indicating commit of an XA	   │
	   │	 │			    │ transaction.			   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │11	 │ BEGIN_LOAD_QUERY_EVENT   │ Used for LOAD DATA		   │
	   │	 │			    │			  INFILE	   │
	   │	 │			    │ statements in MySQL 5 and later.	   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │12	 │ EXECUTE_LOAD_QUERY_EVENT │ Used for LOAD DATA		   │
	   │	 │			    │			  INFILE	   │
	   │	 │			    │ statements in MySQL 5 and later.	   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │13	 │ TABLE_MAP_EVENT	    │ Information about a table		   │
	   │	 │			    │ definition. Used in MySQL 5.1.5 and  │
	   │	 │			    │ later.				   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │14	 │ PRE_GA_WRITE_ROWS_EVENT  │ Row data for a single table that	   │
	   │	 │			    │ should be created. Used in MySQL	   │
	   │	 │			    │ 5.1.5				   │
	   │	 │			    │			  to 5.1.17.	   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │15	 │ PRE_GA_UPDATE_ROWS_EVENT │ Row data for a single table that	   │
	   │	 │			    │ needs to be updated. Used in MySQL   │
	   │	 │			    │			  5.1.5 to 5.1.17. │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │16	 │ PRE_GA_DELETE_ROWS_EVENT │ Row data for a single table that	   │
	   │	 │			    │ should be deleted. Used in MySQL	   │
	   │	 │			    │ 5.1.5				   │
	   │	 │			    │			  to 5.1.17.	   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │17	 │ WRITE_ROWS_EVENT	    │ Row data for a single table that	   │
	   │	 │			    │ should be created. Used in MySQL	   │
	   │	 │			    │ 5.1.18				   │
	   │	 │			    │			  and later.	   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │18	 │ UPDATE_ROWS_EVENT	    │ Row data for a single table that	   │
	   │	 │			    │ needs to be updated. Used in MySQL   │
	   │	 │			    │			  5.1.18 and	   │
	   │	 │			    │ later.				   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │19	 │ DELETE_ROWS_EVENT	    │ Row data for a single table that	   │
	   │	 │			    │ should be deleted. Used in MySQL	   │
	   │	 │			    │ 5.1.18				   │
	   │	 │			    │			  and later.	   │
	   ├─────┼──────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │1a	 │ INCIDENT_EVENT	    │ Something out of the ordinary	   │
	   │	 │			    │ happened. Added in MySQL 5.1.18.	   │
	   └─────┴──────────────────────────┴──────────────────────────────────────┘

       ·   Master ID: The server ID of the master that created the event.

       ·   Size: The size in bytes of the event.

       ·   Master Pos: The position of the next event in the original master
	   log file.

       ·   Flags: 16 flags. Currently, the following flags are used. The
	   others are reserved for future use.

	   ┌─────┬─────────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
	   │Flag │ Name			       │ Meaning					│
	   ├─────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │01	 │ LOG_EVENT_BINLOG_IN_USE_F   │ Log file correctly				│
	   │	 │			       │ closed. (Used only				│
	   │	 │			       │ in						│
	   │	 │			       │		     FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT.) │
	   │	 │			       │ If						│
	   │	 │			       │		     this			│
	   │	 │			       │ flag is set (if the				│
	   │	 │			       │ flags are, for					│
	   │	 │			       │ example,					│
	   │	 │			       │		     '01			│
	   │	 │			       │ 00') in a					│
	   │	 │			       │		     FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT,	│
	   │	 │			       │ the log					│
	   │	 │			       │		     file			│
	   │	 │			       │ has not been					│
	   │	 │			       │ properly closed.				│
	   │	 │			       │ Most probably					│
	   │	 │			       │		     this			│
	   │	 │			       │ is because of a				│
	   │	 │			       │ master crash (for				│
	   │	 │			       │ example, due					│
	   │	 │			       │		     to				│
	   │	 │			       │ power failure).				│
	   ├─────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │02	 │			       │ Reserved for future use.			│
	   ├─────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │04	 │ LOG_EVENT_THREAD_SPECIFIC_F │ Set if the event is dependent on the		│
	   │	 │			       │ connection it was executed in (for		│
	   │	 │			       │		     example, '04 00'), for	│
	   │	 │			       │ example,					│
	   │	 │			       │		     if the event uses		│
	   │	 │			       │ temporary tables.				│
	   ├─────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
	   │08	 │ LOG_EVENT_SUPPRESS_USE_F    │ Set in some circumstances when the event is	│
	   │	 │			       │ not dependent on the default			│
	   │	 │			       │		     database.			│
	   └─────┴─────────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

MYSQLBINLOG ROW EVENT DISPLAY
       The following examples illustrate how mysqlbinlog displays row events
       that specify data modifications. These correspond to events with the
       WRITE_ROWS_EVENT, UPDATE_ROWS_EVENT, and DELETE_ROWS_EVENT type codes.
       The --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS and --verbose options may be used to
       affect row event output.

       Suppose that the server is using row-based binary logging and that you
       execute the following sequence of statements:

	   CREATE TABLE t
	   (
	     id	  INT NOT NULL,
	     name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
	     date DATE NULL
	   ) ENGINE = InnoDB;
	   START TRANSACTION;
	   INSERT INTO t VALUES(1, 'apple', NULL);
	   UPDATE t SET name = 'pear', date = '2009-01-01' WHERE id = 1;
	   DELETE FROM t WHERE id = 1;
	   COMMIT;

       By default, mysqlbinlog displays row events encoded as base-64 strings
       using BINLOG statements. Omitting extraneous lines, the output for the
       row events produced by the preceding statement sequence looks like
       this:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog log_file
	   ...
	   # at 218
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 258     Write_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   BINLOG '
	   fAS3SBMBAAAALAAAANoAAAAAABEAAAAAAAAABHRlc3QAAXQAAwMPCgIUAAQ=
	   fAS3SBcBAAAAKAAAAAIBAAAQABEAAAAAAAEAA//8AQAAAAVhcHBsZQ==
	   '/*!*/;
	   ...
	   # at 302
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 356     Update_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   BINLOG '
	   fAS3SBMBAAAALAAAAC4BAAAAABEAAAAAAAAABHRlc3QAAXQAAwMPCgIUAAQ=
	   fAS3SBgBAAAANgAAAGQBAAAQABEAAAAAAAEAA////AEAAAAFYXBwbGX4AQAAAARwZWFyIbIP
	   '/*!*/;
	   ...
	   # at 400
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 442     Delete_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   BINLOG '
	   fAS3SBMBAAAALAAAAJABAAAAABEAAAAAAAAABHRlc3QAAXQAAwMPCgIUAAQ=
	   fAS3SBkBAAAAKgAAALoBAAAQABEAAAAAAAEAA//4AQAAAARwZWFyIbIP
	   '/*!*/;

       To see the row events as comments in the form of “pseudo-SQL”
       statements, run mysqlbinlog with the --verbose or -v option. The output
       will contain lines beginning with ###:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog -v log_file
	   ...
	   # at 218
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 258     Write_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   BINLOG '
	   fAS3SBMBAAAALAAAANoAAAAAABEAAAAAAAAABHRlc3QAAXQAAwMPCgIUAAQ=
	   fAS3SBcBAAAAKAAAAAIBAAAQABEAAAAAAAEAA//8AQAAAAVhcHBsZQ==
	   '/*!*/;
	   ### INSERT INTO test.t
	   ### SET
	   ###	 @1=1
	   ###	 @2='apple'
	   ###	 @3=NULL
	   ...
	   # at 302
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 356     Update_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   BINLOG '
	   fAS3SBMBAAAALAAAAC4BAAAAABEAAAAAAAAABHRlc3QAAXQAAwMPCgIUAAQ=
	   fAS3SBgBAAAANgAAAGQBAAAQABEAAAAAAAEAA////AEAAAAFYXBwbGX4AQAAAARwZWFyIbIP
	   '/*!*/;
	   ### UPDATE test.t
	   ### WHERE
	   ###	 @1=1
	   ###	 @2='apple'
	   ###	 @3=NULL
	   ### SET
	   ###	 @1=1
	   ###	 @2='pear'
	   ###	 @3='2009:01:01'
	   ...
	   # at 400
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 442     Delete_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   BINLOG '
	   fAS3SBMBAAAALAAAAJABAAAAABEAAAAAAAAABHRlc3QAAXQAAwMPCgIUAAQ=
	   fAS3SBkBAAAAKgAAALoBAAAQABEAAAAAAAEAA//4AQAAAARwZWFyIbIP
	   '/*!*/;
	   ### DELETE FROM test.t
	   ### WHERE
	   ###	 @1=1
	   ###	 @2='pear'
	   ###	 @3='2009:01:01'

       Specify --verbose or -v twice to also display data types and some
       metadata for each column. The output will contain an additional comment
       following each column change:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog -vv log_file
	   ...
	   # at 218
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 258     Write_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   BINLOG '
	   fAS3SBMBAAAALAAAANoAAAAAABEAAAAAAAAABHRlc3QAAXQAAwMPCgIUAAQ=
	   fAS3SBcBAAAAKAAAAAIBAAAQABEAAAAAAAEAA//8AQAAAAVhcHBsZQ==
	   '/*!*/;
	   ### INSERT INTO test.t
	   ### SET
	   ###	 @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
	   ###	 @2='apple' /* VARSTRING(20) meta=20 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
	   ###	 @3=NULL /* VARSTRING(20) meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=1 */
	   ...
	   # at 302
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 356     Update_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   BINLOG '
	   fAS3SBMBAAAALAAAAC4BAAAAABEAAAAAAAAABHRlc3QAAXQAAwMPCgIUAAQ=
	   fAS3SBgBAAAANgAAAGQBAAAQABEAAAAAAAEAA////AEAAAAFYXBwbGX4AQAAAARwZWFyIbIP
	   '/*!*/;
	   ### UPDATE test.t
	   ### WHERE
	   ###	 @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
	   ###	 @2='apple' /* VARSTRING(20) meta=20 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
	   ###	 @3=NULL /* VARSTRING(20) meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=1 */
	   ### SET
	   ###	 @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
	   ###	 @2='pear' /* VARSTRING(20) meta=20 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
	   ###	 @3='2009:01:01' /* DATE meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
	   ...
	   # at 400
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 442     Delete_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   BINLOG '
	   fAS3SBMBAAAALAAAAJABAAAAABEAAAAAAAAABHRlc3QAAXQAAwMPCgIUAAQ=
	   fAS3SBkBAAAAKgAAALoBAAAQABEAAAAAAAEAA//4AQAAAARwZWFyIbIP
	   '/*!*/;
	   ### DELETE FROM test.t
	   ### WHERE
	   ###	 @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
	   ###	 @2='pear' /* VARSTRING(20) meta=20 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
	   ###	 @3='2009:01:01' /* DATE meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */

       You can tell mysqlbinlog to suppress the BINLOG statements for row
       events by using the --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS option. This is similar
       to --base64-output=NEVER but does not exit with an error if a row event
       is found. The combination of --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS and --verbose
       provides a convenient way to see row events only as SQL statements:

	   shell> mysqlbinlog -v --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS log_file
	   ...
	   # at 218
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 258     Write_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   ### INSERT INTO test.t
	   ### SET
	   ###	 @1=1
	   ###	 @2='apple'
	   ###	 @3=NULL
	   ...
	   # at 302
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 356     Update_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   ### UPDATE test.t
	   ### WHERE
	   ###	 @1=1
	   ###	 @2='apple'
	   ###	 @3=NULL
	   ### SET
	   ###	 @1=1
	   ###	 @2='pear'
	   ###	 @3='2009:01:01'
	   ...
	   # at 400
	   #080828 15:03:08 server id 1	 end_log_pos 442     Delete_rows: table id 17 flags: STMT_END_F
	   ### DELETE FROM test.t
	   ### WHERE
	   ###	 @1=1
	   ###	 @2='pear'
	   ###	 @3='2009:01:01'

	   Note
	   You should not suppress BINLOG statements if you intend to
	   re-execute mysqlbinlog output.

       The SQL statements produced by --verbose for row events are much more
       readable than the corresponding BINLOG statements. However, they do not
       correspond exactly to the original SQL statements that generated the
       events. The following limitations apply:

       ·   The original column names are lost and replaced by @N, where N is a
	   column number.

       ·   Character set information is not available in the binary log, which
	   affects string column display:

	   ·   There is no distinction made between corresponding binary and
	       nonbinary string types (BINARY and CHAR, VARBINARY and VARCHAR,
	       BLOB and TEXT). The output uses a data type of STRING for
	       fixed-length strings and VARSTRING for variable-length strings.

	   ·   For multi-byte character sets, the maximum number of bytes per
	       character is not present in the binary log, so the length for
	       string types is displayed in bytes rather than in characters.
	       For example, STRING(4) will be used as the data type for values
	       from either of these column types:

		   CHAR(4) CHARACTER SET latin1
		   CHAR(2) CHARACTER SET ucs2

	   ·   Due to the storage format for events of type UPDATE_ROWS_EVENT,
	       UPDATE statements are displayed with the WHERE clause preceding
	       the SET clause.

       Proper interpretation of row events requires the information from the
       format description event at the beginning of the binary log. Because
       mysqlbinlog does not know in advance whether the rest of the log
       contains row events, by default it displays the format description
       event using a BINLOG statement in the initial part of the output.

       If the binary log is known not to contain any events requiring a BINLOG
       statement (that is, no row events), the --base64-output=NEVER option
       can be used to prevent this header from being written.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 1997, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights
       reserved.

       This software and related documentation are provided under a license
       agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are
       protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted
       in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy,
       reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute,
       exhibit, perform, publish, or display any part, in any form, or by any
       means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this
       software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited.

       The information contained herein is subject to change without notice
       and is not warranted to be error-free. If you find any errors, please
       report them to us in writing.

       If this software or related documentation is delivered to the U.S.
       Government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S. Government, the
       following notice is applicable:

       U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS Programs, software, databases, and related
       documentation and technical data delivered to U.S. Government customers
       are "commercial computer software" or "commercial technical data"
       pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-
       specific supplemental regulations. As such, the use, duplication,
       disclosure, modification, and adaptation shall be subject to the
       restrictions and license terms set forth in the applicable Government
       contract, and, to the extent applicable by the terms of the Government
       contract, the additional rights set forth in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial
       Computer Software License (December 2007). Oracle USA, Inc., 500 Oracle
       Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065.

       This software is developed for general use in a variety of information
       management applications. It is not developed or intended for use in any
       inherently dangerous applications, including applications which may
       create a risk of personal injury. If you use this software in dangerous
       applications, then you shall be responsible to take all appropriate
       fail-safe, backup, redundancy, and other measures to ensure the safe
       use of this software. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates disclaim
       any liability for any damages caused by use of this software in
       dangerous applications.

       Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
       affiliates. MySQL is a trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
       affiliates, and shall not be used without Oracle's express written
       authorization. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
       owners.

       This software and documentation may provide access to or information on
       content, products, and services from third parties. Oracle Corporation
       and its affiliates are not responsible for and expressly disclaim all
       warranties of any kind with respect to third-party content, products,
       and services. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates will not be
       responsible for any loss, costs, or damages incurred due to your access
       to or use of third-party content, products, or services.

       This document in any form, software or printed matter, contains
       proprietary information that is the exclusive property of Oracle. Your
       access to and use of this material is subject to the terms and
       conditions of your Oracle Software License and Service Agreement, which
       has been executed and with which you agree to comply. This document and
       information contained herein may not be disclosed, copied, reproduced,
       or distributed to anyone outside Oracle without prior written consent
       of Oracle or as specifically provided below. This document is not part
       of your license agreement nor can it be incorporated into any
       contractual agreement with Oracle or its subsidiaries or affiliates.

       This documentation is NOT distributed under a GPL license. Use of this
       documentation is subject to the following terms:

       You may create a printed copy of this documentation solely for your own
       personal use. Conversion to other formats is allowed as long as the
       actual content is not altered or edited in any way. You shall not
       publish or distribute this documentation in any form or on any media,
       except if you distribute the documentation in a manner similar to how
       Oracle disseminates it (that is, electronically for download on a Web
       site with the software) or on a CD-ROM or similar medium, provided
       however that the documentation is disseminated together with the
       software on the same medium. Any other use, such as any dissemination
       of printed copies or use of this documentation, in whole or in part, in
       another publication, requires the prior written consent from an
       authorized representative of Oracle. Oracle and/or its affiliates
       reserve any and all rights to this documentation not expressly granted
       above.

       For more information on the terms of this license, or for details on
       how the MySQL documentation is built and produced, please visit MySQL
       Contact & Questions.

       For additional licensing information, including licenses for third-
       party libraries used by MySQL products, see Preface and Legal Notices.

       For help with using MySQL, please visit either the MySQL Forums or
       MySQL Mailing Lists where you can discuss your issues with other MySQL
       users.

       For additional documentation on MySQL products, including translations
       of the documentation into other languages, and downloadable versions in
       variety of formats, including HTML and PDF formats, see the MySQL
       Documentation Library.

NOTES
	1. MySQL Internals: The Binary Log
	   http://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/binary-log.html

SEE ALSO
       For more information, please refer to the MySQL Reference Manual, which
       may already be installed locally and which is also available online at
       http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.

AUTHOR
       Oracle Corporation (http://dev.mysql.com/).

MySQL 5.5			  03/22/2013			MYSQLBINLOG(1)
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