nfs_manual_setup(7)nfs_manual_setup(7)NAMEnfs_manual_setup - Describes how to manually set up the Network File
System (NFS)
DESCRIPTION
This reference page describes how to manually set up the Network File
System (NFS). Setting up NFS includes configuring the following:
Servers Clients, using /etc/fstab Clients, using Automount or AutoFS
SETTING UP SERVERS
Use the following procedure to set up an NFS server: Create the
/etc/exports file and add the appropriate entries to it.
The entries that you add are site-specific but their syntax
should be as follows:
pathname [-root=0] [-root=hostlist [-anon=uid] [-rw=hostlist
[-ro] identifier_1 ... identifier_n
You can use the number sign (#) as a delimiter to add comments.
For more information, see the exports(4) reference page. Add
the following information to the /etc/rc.config.common file by
using the /usr/sbin/rcmgr command, which has the following syn‐
tax:
/usr/sbin/rcmgr set variable value
Indicate that this system is a server, by entering the following
command:
# /usr/sbin/rcmgr set NFSSERVING 1
(A zero (0) in place of the 1 indicates that this system is not
a server.) Specify the number of nfsd server threads you want
to run on the system. Separate symbols are used for UDP threads
and TCP threads. For example, to run 8 TCP threads and 4 UDP
threads, enter the following commands:
# /usr/sbin/rcmgr set NUM_TCPD 8 # /usr/sbin/rcmgr set NUM_UDPD
4
You can run up to 128 server threads for both transports com‐
bined. Although 8 server threads for each transport is usually
adequate, if NFS client performance is slow, a possible solution
is to increase the number of server threads. Set the NONROOT‐
MOUNTS parameter. Setting this parameter to 0 specifies that
only root users on the client systems can mount file systems.
Setting it to 1 specifies that anyone on the client systems can
mount file systems.
The following command specifies that users must be running as
root to mount file systems from the server:
# /usr/sbin/rcmgr set NONROOTMOUNTS 0 Specify whether you want
to run the PC-NFS daemon. PC-NFS software provides personal com‐
puters on your network with the same capabilities as NFS. PC-NFS
is based on the client/server model. The client software runs on
the personal computer. The server software runs on the Tru64
UNIX server. Instructions for setting up the PC-NFS client soft‐
ware is provided with the PC-NFS software documentation.
To specify that you want to run the PC-NFS daemon, enter the
following command:
# /usr/sbin/rcmgr set PCNFSD 1
You must then export the directories you want to mount on the PC
client to the client. Also, you must export the /usr/spool/pcnfs
directory to the PC client for the client to be able to utilize
network printing. For information on exporting directories, see
the Network Administration: Services manual. Specify whether
you want to run the NFS locking service to allow clients to set
advisory record locks on files exported to them.
To specify that you want to run the NFS locking service, enter
the following command:
# /usr/sbin/rcmgr set NFSLOCKING 1
Note, by default, 7 nfsiod daemons are run on all NFS systems.
To turn this client service off, enter the following command:
# /usr/sbin/rcmgr set NUM_NFSIOD 0
The /usr/sbin/rcmgr command appends the information to the end
of the /etc/rc.config.common file. For more information on the
rcmgr utility, see the rcmgr(8) reference page. Make sure that
one of the following is true for client systems to which you are
exporting file systems: They have an entry in the /etc/hosts
file of the server. Their host information is in the hosts
database, if the network is serving host information with NIS or
DNS. The server specifies the client's Internet address instead
of its host name in its /etc/exports file and the mountd daemon
is not configured to run with Internet address checking turned
on. Start the NFS daemons by entering the following command:
# /sbin/init.d/nfs start # /sbin/init.d/nfsmount start
To stop the NFS daemons, enter the following command:
# /sbin/init.d/nfs stop
USING THE /ETC/FSTAB FILE TO SET UP CLIENTS
Use the following procedure to set up an NFS client, using the
/etc/fstab file: Edit the /etc/fstab file.
Unless you are using an automatic mounting service, such as
Automount or AutoFS, edit the /etc/fstab file to contain an
entry for each file system that you want to mount on your system
if you want it mounted automatically. Specify the file system
you are mounting, the server you are mounting it from, the per‐
missions with which it is mounted, and the local mount point for
it. The syntax for entries in the /etc/fstab file is as fol‐
lows: fs_spec@server fs_file fs_vfstype fs_mntopts fs_freq
fs_passno
For more information, see fstab(4).
The following is a sample /etc/fstab file:
/usr/dist@host1 /usr/dist nfs ro,bg 0 0 share/man@host2
/usr/share/man nfs ro,bg 0 /usr/staff/h0@host3
/nfs/host3/usr/staff/h rw,bg 0 /usr/staff/h1@host3
/nfs/host3/usr/staff/h1 nfs rw,bg 0 0 Create a local mount point
for each remote file system that you specified in the /etc/fstab
file. The local mount points must correspond exactly to the
fs_file field in the /etc/fstab file. In the preceding example,
the client system uses the /etc/fstab file to mount the remote
file system /usr/share/man from host2. The /etc/fstab entry
specifies that the local mount point is also called
/usr/share/man on the client system. While this is the easiest
way to name the local mount point, it can have any name. To cre‐
ate the /usr/share/man mount point, enter the following command:
# mkdir /usr/share/man Make sure that one of the following is
true for server systems from which you are importing file sys‐
tems: They have an entry in the /etc/hosts file of the client.
Their host information is in the hosts database, if the network
is serving host information with NIS or DNS. Edit the
/etc/rc.config.common file by using the /usr/sbin/rcmgr utility.
Add the following information to the /etc/rc.config.common file:
Whether this system is an NFS server (a system can be both a
client and a server). The number of nfsiod daemons that you
want the system to run.
To specify that you want this system to run 7 nfsiod daemons,
enter the following command:
# /usr/sbin/rcmgr set NUM_NFSIOD 7
You can run up to 64 nfsiod daemons. Although 7 nfsiod daemons
is usually adequate, if NFS read and write performance is slow,
you can increase the number of nfsiod daemons. Optionally, you
can turn on the NFS locking service, if you want to be able to
set advisory record locks on NFS-mounted files. To do this,
enter the following command:
# /usr/sbin/rcmgr set NFSLOCKING 1
Note that the NFS locking service must also be running on the
server.
The /usr/sbin/rcmgr command appends the information to the end
of the /etc/rc.config.common file. For more information on the
rcmgr utility, see rcmgr(8). Start the NFS daemons by entering
the following command: # /sbin/init.d/nfs start #
/sbin/init.d/nfsmount start
Note
If you are using Automount or AutoFS on this system, you should
complete the steps in the Network Administration: Services man‐
ual before starting the NFS daemons.
If you need to stop the NFS daemons, enter the following com‐
mand:
# /sbin/init.d/nfs stop
ADMINISTERING AUTOMOUNT AND AUTOFS MAPS
You can customize Automount and AutoFS maps to suit your environment
and either administer them locally, distribute them using NIS, or both.
For information on creating and administering Automount and AutoFS
maps, see the Network Administration: Services manual.
RELATED INFORMATION
Commands: autofsd(8), automount(8), mountd(8), nfsconfig(8), nfsd(8),
nfsiod(8), rpc.lockd(8), rpc.statd(8)
Files: advfs(4), cdfs(4), fstab(4)
Network Information: nfs_intro(4)
Network Administration: Services, Technical Overview
nfs_manual_setup(7)
