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curs_util(3X)							 curs_util(3X)

NAME
       delay_output, filter, flushinp, getwin, key_name, keyname, nofilter,
       putwin, unctrl, use_env, wunctrl - miscellaneous curses utility
       routines

SYNOPSIS
       #include <curses.h>

       char *unctrl(chtype c);
       char *wunctrl(cchar_t *c);
       char *keyname(int c);
       char *key_name(wchar_t w);
       void filter(void);
       void nofilter(void);
       void use_env(bool f);
       int putwin(WINDOW *win, FILE *filep);
       WINDOW *getwin(FILE *filep);
       int delay_output(int ms);
       int flushinp(void);

DESCRIPTION
       The unctrl routine returns a character string which is a printable rep‐
       resentation of the character c, ignoring attributes.   Control  charac‐
       ters  are  displayed  in the ^X notation.  Printing characters are dis‐
       played as is.  The corresponding wunctrl returns a printable  represen‐
       tation of a wide-character.

       The keyname routine returns a character string corresponding to the key
       c.  Control characters are displayed in the ^X notation.	 Values	 above
       128 are either meta characters, shown in the M-X notation, or the names
       of function keys, or null.  The corresponding key_name returns a	 char‐
       acter  string  corresponding  to	 the  wide-character value w.  The two
       functions do not return the same set of	strings;  the  latter  returns
       null where the former would display a meta character.

       The  filter  routine, if used, must be called before initscr or newterm
       are called.  The effect is that, during those calls, LINES is set to 1;
       the  capabilities  clear,  cup, cud, cud1, cuu1, cuu, vpa are disabled;
       and the home string is set to the value of cr.

       The nofilter routine cancels the effect of  a  preceding	 filter	 call.
       That  allows  the  caller to initialize a screen on a different device,
       using a different value of $TERM.  The limitation  arises  because  the
       filter routine modifies the in-memory copy of the terminal information.

       The  use_env  routine, if used, is called before initscr or newterm are
       called.	When called with FALSE as an argument, the values of lines and
       columns	specified in the terminfo database will be used, even if envi‐
       ronment variables LINES and COLUMNS (used by default) are  set,	or  if
       curses  is running in a window (in which case default behavior would be
       to use the window size if LINES and COLUMNS are not  set).   Note  that
       setting	LINES or COLUMNS overrides the corresponding size which may be
       obtained from the operating system.

       The putwin routine writes all data associated with window win into  the
       file  to	 which	filep points.  This information can be later retrieved
       using the getwin function.

       The getwin routine reads window related data  stored  in	 the  file  by
       putwin.	 The  routine  then creates and initializes a new window using
       that data.  It returns a pointer to the new window.

       The delay_output routine inserts an ms  millisecond  pause  in  output.
       This  routine should not be used extensively because padding characters
       are used rather than a CPU pause.  If no padding	 character  is	speci‐
       fied, this uses napms to perform the delay.

       The  flushinp  routine throws away any typeahead that has been typed by
       the user and has not yet been read by the program.

RETURN VALUE
       Except for flushinp, routines that return an integer  return  ERR  upon
       failure	and OK (SVr4 specifies only "an integer value other than ERR")
       upon successful completion.

       Routines that return pointers return NULL on error.

       X/Open does not define any error conditions.  In this implementation

	      flushinp
		   returns an error if the terminal was not initialized.

	      putwin
		   returns an error if the associated fwrite calls  return  an
		   error.

PORTABILITY
       The  XSI Curses standard, Issue 4 describes these functions.  It states
       that unctrl and wunctrl will return a null pointer if unsuccessful, but
       does not define any error conditions.

       The  SVr4  documentation	 describes  the	 action	 of filter only in the
       vaguest terms.  The description here is adapted	from  the  XSI	Curses
       standard (which erroneously fails to describe the disabling of cuu).

       The strings returned by unctrl in this implementation are determined at
       compile time, showing C1 controls from the upper-128 codes with	a  `~'
       prefix  rather  than `^'.  Other implementations have different conven‐
       tions.  For example, they may show both sets of control characters with
       `^', and strip the parameter to 7 bits.	Or they may ignore C1 controls
       and treat all of the upper-1280 codes as printable.   This  implementa‐
       tion uses 8 bits but does not modify the string to reflect locale.  The
       use_legacy_coding function allows the caller to change  the  output  of
       unctrl.

       The  keyname function may return the names of user-defined string capa‐
       bilities which are defined in the terminfo entry via the -x  option  of
       tic.  This implementation automatically assigns at run-time keycodes to
       user-defined strings which begin	 with  "k".   The  keycodes  start  at
       KEY_MAX, but are not guaranteed to be the same value for different runs
       because user-defined codes are merged from  all	terminal  descriptions
       which have been loaded.

       The  nofilter  routine is specific to ncurses.  It was not supported on
       Version 7, BSD or System V implementations.  It is recommended that any
       code  depending on ncurses extensions be conditioned using NCURSES_VER‐
       SION.

SEE ALSO
       use_legacy_coding(3),  curses(3X),  curs_initscr(3X),  curs_kernel(3X),
       curs_scr_dump(3X).

								 curs_util(3X)
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