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pack200(1)							    pack200(1)

Name
       pack200 - JAR Packing tool

SYNOPSIS
       pack200 [ options ] output-file JAR-file

       Options	may be in any order. The last option on the command line or in
       a properties file supersedes all previously specified options.

	     options
		Command-line options.

	     output-file
		Name of the output file.

	     JAR-file
		Name of the input file.

DESCRIPTION
       The pack200 tool is a Java application that transforms a JAR file  into
       a  compressed  pack200 file using the Java gzip compressor. The pack200
       files are highly compressed files that can be directly deployed, saving
       bandwidth and reducing download time.

       The pack200 tool uses several options to fine-tune and set the compres‐
       sion engine.

   Typical usage:
	  % pack200 myarchive.pack.gz myarchive.jar

       In this	example,  myarchive.pack.gz  is	 produced  using  the  default
       pack200 settings.

OPTIONS
       -r --repack

	  Produces  a JAR file by packing the file myarchive.jar and unpacking
	  it. The resulting file can be used as an input to  the  jarsigner(1)
	  tool.

	     % pack200 --repack myarchive-packer.jar myarchive.jar

	     % pack200 --repack myarchive.jar

       -g --no-gzip

	  Produces a pack200 file. With this option a suitable compressor must
	  be used, and the target  system  must	 use  a	 corresponding	decom‐
	  presser.

	     % pack200 --no-gzip myarchive.pack myarchive.jar

       -G --strip-debug

	  Strips  attributes used for debugging from the output. These include
	  SourceFile, LineNumberTable, LocalVariableTable  and	LocalVariable‐
	  TypeTable.  Removing these attributes reduces the size of both down‐
	  loads and installations but reduces the usefulness of debuggers.

       -O --no-keep-file-order

	  The packer will reorder and transmit all elements. Additionally, the
	  packer may remove JAR directory names. This will reduce the download
	  size; however, certain JAR file optimizations, such as indexing, may
	  not work correctly.

       -Svalue --segment-limit=value

	  The  value is the estimated target size N (in bytes) of each archive
	  segment. If a single input file requires
	  more than N bytes, it will be given its own archive  segment.	 As  a
	  special case, a value of -1 will produce a single large segment with
	  all input files, while a value of 0 will  produce  one  segment  for
	  each class. Larger archive segments result in less fragmentation and
	  better compression, but processing them requires more memory.

	  The size of each segment is estimated by counting the size  of  each
	  input	 file to be transmitted in the segment, along with the size of
	  its name and other transmitted properties.

	  The default is 1000000 (a million  bytes).  This  allows  input  JAR
	  files	 of  moderate  size  to be transmitted in one segment. It also
	  puts a limit on memory requirements for packers and unpackers.

	  A 10MB JAR packed without this limit will typically pack  about  10%
	  smaller,  but	 the  packer may require a larger Java heap (about ten
	  times the segment limit).

       -Evalue --effort=value

	  If the value is set to a single decimal digit, the packer  will  use
	  the  indicated  amount of effort in compressing the archive. Level 1
	  may produce somewhat larger size and faster compression speed, while
	  level	 9  will  take much longer but may produce better compression.
	  The special value 0 instructs the packer to copy through the	origi‐
	  nal  JAR  file  directly  with  no compression. The JSR 200 standard
	  requires  any	 unpacker  to  understand  this	 special  case	as   a
	  pass-through of the entire archive.

	  The  default is 5, investing a modest amount of time to produce rea‐
	  sonable compression.

       -Hvalue --deflate-hint=value

	  Overrides the default, which preserves the  input  information,  but
	  may  cause the transmitted archive to be larger. The possible values
	  are:

	     true

	     false
		In either case, the packer will set the deflation hint accord‐
		ingly  in  the output archive, and will not transmit the indi‐
		vidual deflation hints of archive elements.

	     keep
		Preserve deflation hints observed in the input JAR.  (This  is
		the default.)

       -mvalue --modification-time=value

	  The possible values are:

	     latest
		The  packer  will attempt to determine the latest modification
		time, among all the available entries in the original archive,
		or  the	 latest modification time of all the available entries
		in that segment. This single value will be transmitted as part
		of the segment and applied to all the entries in each segment.
		This can marginally decrease the transmitted size of  the  ar‐
		chive  at the expense of setting all installed files to a sin‐
		gle date.

	     keep
		Preserves modification times observed in the input JAR.	 (This
		is the default.)

       -Pfile --pass-file=file

	  Indicates that a file should be passed through bytewise with no com‐
	  pression. By repeating the option, multiple files may be  specified.
	  There	 is  no	 pathname  transformation, except that the system file
	  separator is replaced by the JAR file separator "/".	The  resulting
	  file	names  must match exactly as strings with their occurrences in
	  the JAR file. If file is a directory	name,  all  files  under  that
	  directory will be passed.

       -Uaction --unknown-attribute=action

	  Overrides  the  default behavior; i.e., the classfile containing the
	  unknown attribute will be passed through with the specified  action.
	  The possible values for actions are:

	     error
		The  pack200  operation	 as  a whole will fail with a suitable
		explanation.

	     strip
		The attribute will be dropped. Note: Removing the required  VM
		attributes may cause Class Loader failures.

	     pass
		Upon  encountering  this  attribute,  the entire class will be
		transmitted as though it is a resource.

       -Cattribute-name=layout --class-attribute=attribute-name=action
       -Fattribute-name=layout --field-attribute=attribute-name=action
       -Mattribute-name=layout --method-attribute=attribute-name=action
       -Dattribute-name=layout --code-attribute=attribute-name=action

	  With the above four options, the attribute layout can	 be  specified
	  for a class entity, such as Class attribute, Field attribute, Method
	  attribute, and Code attribute. The attribute-name is the name of the
	  attribute  for which the layout or action is being defined. The pos‐
	  sible values for action are:

	     some-layout-string
		The layout language is defined in the JSR 200 specification.

	     Example: --class-attribute=SourceFile=RUH

	     error
		Upon encountering this attribute, the pack200  operation  will
		fail with a suitable explanation.

	     strip
		Upon  encountering  this  attribute,  the  attribute  will  be
		removed from the output. Note: removing VM-required attributes
		may cause Class Loader failures.

	  Example:  --class-attribute=CompilationID=pass  will cause the class
	  file containing this attribute to be passed through without  further
	  action by the packer.

       -f pack.properties --config-file=pack.properties

	  A  configuration  file, containing Java properties to initialize the
	  packer, may be specified on the command line.

	     % pack200 -f pack.properties myarchive.pack.gz myarchive.jar
	     % more pack.properties
	     # Generic properties for the packer.
	     modification.time=latest
	     deflate.hint=false
	     keep.file.order=false
	     # This option will cause the files bearing new attributes to
	     # be reported as an error rather than passed uncompressed.
	     unknown.attribute=error
	     # Change the segment limit to be unlimited.
	     segment.limit=-1

	  -v --verbose

	     Outputs minimal messages. Multiple specification of  this	option
	     will output more verbose messages.

	  -q --quiet

	     Specifies quiet operation with no messages.

	  -lfilename --log-file=filename

	     Specifies a log file to output messages.

	  -Joption

	     Passes  option  to the Java launcher called by pack200. For exam‐
	     ple, -J-Xms48m sets the startup memory to 48 megabytes.  Although
	     it	 does  not  begin  with	 -X,  it  is  not a standard option of
	     pack200. It is a common convention for -J to pass options to  the
	     underlying VM executing applications written in Java.

EXIT STATUS
       The following exit values are returned:

	   0 for successful completion;

	  >0 if an error occurs.

SEE ALSO
	  o unpack200(1)

	  o Java SE Documentation @
	    http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/index.html

	  o Java Deployment Guide - Pack200 @
	    http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/deploy‐
	    ment/deployment-guide/pack200.html

	  o jar(1) - Java Archive Tool

	  o jarsigner(1) - JAR Signer tool

	  o attributes(5) man page

NOTES
       This command should not be confused with pack(1). They are distinctly
       separate products.

       The Java SE API Specification provided with the JDK is the superseding
       authority, in case of discrepancies.

				  20 Mar 2008			    pack200(1)
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