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SEND(2)								       SEND(2)

NAME
       send, sendto, sendmsg - send a message from a socket

SYNOPSIS
       #include <sys/types.h>
       #include <sys/socket.h>

       cc = send(s, msg, len, flags)
       int cc, s;
       char *msg;
       int len, flags;

       cc = sendto(s, msg, len, flags, to, tolen)
       int cc, s;
       char *msg;
       int len, flags;
       struct sockaddr *to;
       int tolen;

       cc = sendmsg(s, msg, flags)
       int cc, s;
       struct msghdr msg[];
       int flags;

DESCRIPTION
       Send,  sendto,  and  sendmsg  are used to transmit a message to another
       socket.	Send may be used only when the socket is in a connected state,
       while sendto and sendmsg may be used at any time.

       The  address  of	 the  target  is given by to with tolen specifying its
       size.  The length of the message is given by len.  If  the  message  is
       too  long  to pass atomically through the underlying protocol, then the
       error EMSGSIZE is returned, and the message is not transmitted.

       No indication of failure to deliver is  implicit	 in  a	send.	Return
       values of -1 indicate some locally detected errors.

       If  no messages space is available at the socket to hold the message to
       be transmitted, then send normally blocks, unless the socket  has  been
       placed  in  non-blocking	 I/O  mode.  The select(2) call may be used to
       determine when it is possible to send more data.

       The flags parameter may include one or more of the following:

	      #define  MSG_OOB	       0x1    /* process out-of-band data */
	      #define  MSG_DONTROUTE   0x4    /* bypass routing, use direct interface */
       The flag MSG_OOB is used to send “out-of-band”  data  on	 sockets  that
       support	this  notion  (e.g. SOCK_STREAM); the underlying protocol must
       also support “out-of-band” data.	 MSG_DONTROUTE is usually used only by
       diagnostic or routing programs.

       See recv(2) for a description of the msghdr structure.

RETURN VALUE
       The  call  returns  the	number	of  characters sent, or -1 if an error
       occurred.

ERRORS
       [EBADF]		   An invalid descriptor was specified.

       [ENOTSOCK]	   The argument s is not a socket.

       [EFAULT]		   An invalid user space address was specified	for  a
			   parameter.

       [EMSGSIZE]	   The	 socket	  requires   that   message   be  sent
			   atomically, and the size of the message to be  sent
			   made this impossible.

       [EWOULDBLOCK]	   The socket is marked non-blocking and the requested
			   operation would block.

       [ENOBUFS]	   The system  was  unable  to	allocate  an  internal
			   buffer.   The  operation  may  succeed when buffers
			   become available.

       [ENOBUFS]	   The output queue for a network interface was	 full.
			   This	 generally  indicates  that  the interface has
			   stopped sending, but may  be	 caused	 by  transient
			   congestion.

SEE ALSO
       fcntl(2), recv(2), select(2), getsockopt(2), socket(2), write(2)

4.2 Berkeley Distribution	 May 14, 1986			       SEND(2)
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