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TAIL(1)				      FSF			       TAIL(1)

NAME
       tail - output the last part of files

SYNOPSIS
       tail [OPTION]... [FILE]...

DESCRIPTION
       Print  the  last	 10  lines of each FILE to standard output.  With more
       than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file  name.	  With
       no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

       --retry
	      keep trying to open a file even if it is

	      inaccessible  when  tail	starts	or  if it becomes inaccessible
	      later -- useful only with -f

       -c, --bytes=N
	      output the last N bytes

	      -f, --follow[={name|descriptor}] output  appended	 data  as  the
	      file grows;

	      -f, --follow, and --follow=descriptor are equivalent

       -n, --lines=N
	      output the last N lines, instead of the last 10

	      --max-unchanged-stats=N see the texinfo documentation

	      (the default is 5)

	      --max-consecutive-size-changes=N see the texinfo documentation

	      (the default is 200)

       --pid=PID
	      with -f, terminate after process ID, PID dies

       -q, --quiet, --silent
	      never output headers giving file names

       -s, --sleep-interval=S
	      with -f, sleep S seconds between iterations

       -v, --verbose
	      always output headers giving file names

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
	      output version information and exit

       If  the	first  character of N (the number of bytes or lines) is a `+',
       print beginning with the Nth item from the start of each	 file,	other‐
       wise, print the last N items in the file.  N may have a multiplier suf‐
       fix: b for 512, k for 1024, m for 1048576 (1 Meg).  A first  OPTION  of
       -VALUE or +VALUE is treated like -n VALUE or -n +VALUE unless VALUE has
       one of the [bkm] suffix multipliers, in which case it is	 treated  like
       -c VALUE or -c +VALUE.

       With  --follow  (-f),  tail  defaults to following the file descriptor,
       which means that even if a tail'ed file is renamed, tail will  continue
       to  track  its  end.   This  default behavior is not desirable when you
       really want to track the actual name of the file, not the file descrip‐
       tor (e.g., log rotation).  Use --follow=name in that case.  That causes
       tail to track the named file by reopening it periodically to see if  it
       has been removed and recreated by some other program.

REPORTING BUGS
       Report bugs to <bug-textutils@gnu.org>.

SEE ALSO
       The  full documentation for tail is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  If
       the info and tail programs are properly installed  at  your  site,  the
       command

	      info tail

       should give you access to the complete manual.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
       This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is
       NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR	 A  PARTICULAR
       PURPOSE.

GNU textutils 2.0		  August 1999			       TAIL(1)
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