TCPD(8)TCPD(8)NAME
tcpd, tcpdp - waits for a TCP connection request and starts a server
SYNOPSIStcpd [-d] [-m maxclients ] service program [arg... ]
DESCRIPTION
Tcpd is a daemon, that is, a user-space program that is normally
started when the operating system is started and that normally does not
terminate until the system is shut down. Conceptually, you can think
of tcpd as doing nothing but listening to a port for a connection
attempt. Several copies of tcpd will typically be started, one for each
service that is to be provided. When a connection is detected the tcpd
for that port forks and then the child process execs an instance of the
server for that port.
The above description is simplified. Normally two versions of the
tcpd.c source code are compiled. Tcpd is the one that waits for a con‐
nection. When a connection occurs tcpd forks. If tcpd was started with
options or if the child detects that the access control file
/etc/serv.access exists, the child will exec its paranoid twin, tcpdp,
which checks that the connection attempt is from an allowed node or
network, or that it is not from a disallowed node or network. Tcpdp
also tries to look up the name corresponding to an IP address, and
denies the connection if a name cannot be found. Finally, tcpdp deter‐
mines whether the connection is supposed to be logged. If all is well,
the child tcpd or tcpdp then execs the server for the service with any
arguments specified on the command line for that server.
OPTIONS-d turn on debugging.
-m allow no more than the specified maxclients to start.
EXAMPLEStcpd telnet in.telnetd &
# wait for a telnet connection on the normal port
tcpd 8000 in.httpd /etc/httpd8000.conf &
# wait for web page request on port 8000 and use a
custom config file for the in.httpd program.
Note that command lines must be terminated with "&" to return control
to the calling process, leaving the daemon executing as a background
process.
The above examples show how tcpd might be invoked from /etc/rc or
another script that runs during system initialization. You will also
see this in the supplied startup scripts:
daemonize tcpd shell in.rshd
# daemonize is a shell function that tests whether
a daemon is present and starts it if so, using the
& to start it in the background.
Another case that should be mentioned is that when a system administra‐
tor wants to start (or restart) a daemon from a command line, intr(8)
should be used, like this:
intr -dtcpd telnet in.telnetd &
# remove the daemon from a process group and con‐
nect its input to /dev/null and its output to
/dev/log.
FILES
/etc/serv.access The access control file.
SEE ALSOexecve(2), fork(2), intr(8), serv.access(5).
NOTES
That daemons cannot daemonize themselves is a way in which Minix dif‐
fers from most other Unix-like systems.
Allowing access to your system from the net is dangerous. Be sure you
know what you are doing. Be sure the owner of your net knows what you
are doing. Don't enable services you don't need. Enable logging and
look at your logs.
BUGS
None known, let us know...
AUTHOR
Kees J. Bot <kjb@cs.vu.nl>
Man page by Al Woodhull <asw@woodhull.com>
TCPD(8)
