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CSPLIT(1P)		   POSIX Programmer's Manual		    CSPLIT(1P)

PROLOG
       This  manual  page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux
       implementation of this interface may differ (consult the	 corresponding
       Linux  manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may
       not be implemented on Linux.

NAME
       csplit - split files based on context

SYNOPSIS
       csplit [-ks][-f prefix][-n number] file arg1 ...argn

DESCRIPTION
       The csplit utility shall read the file named by the file operand, write
       all  or part of that file into other files as directed by the arg oper‐
       ands, and write the sizes of the files.

OPTIONS
       The csplit utility shall conform to  the	 Base  Definitions  volume  of
       IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines.

       The following options shall be supported:

       -f  prefix
	      Name  the	 created files prefix 00, prefix 01, ..., prefixn. The
	      default is xx00 ...  xx n. If the prefix argument would create a
	      filename	exceeding  {NAME_MAX}  bytes,  an  error shall result,
	      csplit shall exit with a diagnostic message, and no files	 shall
	      be created.

       -k     Leave  previously created files intact. By default, csplit shall
	      remove created files if an error occurs.

       -n  number
	      Use number decimal digits to form filenames for the file pieces.
	      The default shall be 2.

       -s     Suppress the output of file size messages.

OPERANDS
       The following operands shall be supported:

       file   The  pathname  of	 a  text file to be split. If file is '-', the
	      standard input shall be used.

       The operands arg1 ... argn can be a combination of the following:

       /rexp/[offset]

	      A file shall be created using the content of the lines from  the
	      current  line  up	 to,  but not including, the line that results
	      from the evaluation of the regular expression  with  offset,  if
	      any, applied. The regular expression rexp shall follow the rules
	      for basic regular expressions described in the Base  Definitions
	      volume  of  IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,	 Section  9.3,	Basic  Regular
	      Expressions.  The application shall use  the  sequence  "\/"  to
	      specify  a  slash character within the rexp. The optional offset
	      shall be a positive or negative  integer	value  representing  a
	      number of lines. A positive integer value can be preceded by '+'
	      . If the selection of lines from an offset  expression  of  this
	      type  would  create  a file with zero lines, or one with greater
	      than the number of lines left in the input file, the results are
	      unspecified.  After  the	section	 is  created, the current line
	      shall be set to the line that results from the evaluation of the
	      regular expression with any offset applied.  If the current line
	      is the first line in the file and a regular expression operation
	      has  not	yet been performed, the pattern match of rexp shall be
	      applied from the current line to the end of the file. Otherwise,
	      the pattern match of rexp shall be applied from the line follow‐
	      ing the current line to the end of the file.

       %rexp%[offset]

	      Equivalent to /rexp/[offset], except that no file shall be  cre‐
	      ated for the selected section of the input file. The application
	      shall use the sequence "\%" to specify a percent-sign  character
	      within the rexp.

       line_no
	      Create  a	 file  from the current line up to (but not including)
	      the line number line_no. Lines in the  file  shall  be  numbered
	      starting at one. The current line becomes line_no.

       {num}  Repeat  operand.	This  operand  can  follow any of the operands
	      described previously. If it follows a rexp  type	operand,  that
	      operand shall be applied num more times. If it follows a line_no
	      operand, the file shall be split every line_no lines, num times,
	      from that point.

       An  error  shall	 be  reported  if an operand does not reference a line
       between the current position and the end of the file.

STDIN
       See the INPUT FILES section.

INPUT FILES
       The input file shall be a text file.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       The following environment  variables  shall  affect  the	 execution  of
       csplit:

       LANG   Provide  a  default value for the internationalization variables
	      that are unset or null. (See  the	 Base  Definitions  volume  of
	      IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,  Section  8.2,  Internationalization Vari‐
	      ables for the precedence of internationalization variables  used
	      to determine the values of locale categories.)

       LC_ALL If  set  to a non-empty string value, override the values of all
	      the other internationalization variables.

       LC_COLLATE

	      Determine the locale for the  behavior  of  ranges,  equivalence
	      classes,	and  multi-character collating elements within regular
	      expressions.

       LC_CTYPE
	      Determine the locale for	the  interpretation  of	 sequences  of
	      bytes  of	 text  data as characters (for example, single-byte as
	      opposed to multi-byte characters in arguments and	 input	files)
	      and  the	behavior  of  character classes within regular expres‐
	      sions.

       LC_MESSAGES
	      Determine the locale that should be used to  affect  the	format
	      and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error.

       NLSPATH
	      Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of
	      LC_MESSAGES .

ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS
       If the -k option is specified, created files shall be retained.	Other‐
       wise, the default action occurs.

STDOUT
       Unless  the -s option is used, the standard output shall consist of one
       line per file created, with a format as follows:

	      "%d\n", <file size in bytes>

STDERR
       The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.

OUTPUT FILES
       The output files shall contain portions of  the	original  input	 file;
       otherwise, unchanged.

EXTENDED DESCRIPTION
       None.

EXIT STATUS
       The following exit values shall be returned:

	0     Successful completion.

       >0     An error occurred.

CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS
       By default, created files shall be removed if an error occurs. When the
       -k option is specified, created files shall not be removed if an	 error
       occurs.

       The following sections are informative.

APPLICATION USAGE
       None.

EXAMPLES
	1. This example creates four files, cobol00 ... cobol03:

	   csplit -f cobol file '/procedure division/' /par5./ /par16./

       After editing the split files, they can be recombined as follows:

	      cat cobol0[0-3] > file

       Note that this example overwrites the original file.

	2. This	 example  would	 split	the file after the first 99 lines, and
	   every 100 lines thereafter, up to 9999 lines; this is because lines
	   in  the  file  are numbered from 1 rather than zero, for historical
	   reasons:

	   csplit -k file  100	{99}

	3. Assuming that prog.c follows the C-language	coding	convention  of
	   ending routines with a '}' at the beginning of the line, this exam‐
	   ple creates a file containing each separate C routine (up to 21) in
	   prog.c:

	   csplit -k prog.c '%main(%'  '/^}/+1' {20}

RATIONALE
       The  -n option was added to extend the range of filenames that could be
       handled.

       Consideration was given to adding a -a flag to use the alphabetic file‐
       name generation used by the historical split utility, but the function‐
       ality added by the -n option  was  deemed  to  make  alphabetic	naming
       unnecessary.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
       None.

SEE ALSO
       sed, split

COPYRIGHT
       Portions	 of  this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
       --  Portable  Operating	System	Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
       Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003	by  the	 Institute  of
       Electrical  and	Electronics  Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
       event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
       The  Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
       is the referee document. The original Standard can be  obtained	online
       at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

IEEE/The Open Group		     2003			    CSPLIT(1P)
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