monitor(1M) System Administration Commands monitor(1M)NAMEmonitor - SPARC system PROM monitorSYNOPSIS
STOP−A
BREAK
initial system power-on
exit from a client program, e.g., the Operating System
DESCRIPTION
The CPU board of a workstation contains one or more EPROMs or EEPROMs.
The program which executes from the PROMs is referred to as "the moni‐
tor". Among other things, the monitor performs system initialization at
power-on and provides a user interface.
Monitor Prompt
The monitor of earlier workstations was known as the SunMON monitor and
displayed the > for its prompt. See the SunMON MONITOR USAGE section
for further details.
Existing workstations use a monitor which is known as the OpenBoot mon‐
itor. The OpenBoot monitor typically displays ok as its prompt, but it
may also display the > prompt under certain circumstances.
If the 'auto-boot?' NVRAM parameter is set to 'false' when the worksta‐
tion is powered on, the system does not attempt to boot and the monitor
issues its prompt. If 'auto-boot' is set to 'true', the system initi‐
ates the boot sequence. The boot sequence can be aborted by simultane‐
ously pressing two keys on the system's keyboard: L1 and A (on older
keyboards), or Stop and A (on newer keyboards). Either a lower case a
or an upper case A works for the keyboard abort sequence. If a console
has been attached by way of one of the system's serial ports then the
abort sequence can be accomplished by sending a BREAK. See tip(1).
When the NVRAM 'security-mode' parameter has been turned on, or when
the value of the 'sunmon-compat?' parameter is true, then the OpenBoot
monitor displays the message: Type b (boot), c (continue), or n (new
command mode)
and the > prompt appears.
OPENBOOT PROM USAGE
Some of the more useful commands that can be issued from OpenBoot's ok
prompt are described here. Refer to the book for a complete list of
commands.
Help
Help for various functional areas of the OpenBoot monitor can be
obtained by typing help. The help listing provides a number of other
key words which can then be used in the help command to provide further
details.
NVRAM Parameters
Each workstation contains one or more NVRAM devices which contains
unique system ID information, as well as a set of user-configurable
parameters. The NVRAM parameters allow the user a certain level of
flexibility in configuring the system to act in a given manner under a
specific set of circumstances.
See eeprom(1M) for a description of the parameters and information
regarding setting the parameters from the OS level.
The following commands can be used at the OpenBoot monitor to access
the NVRAM parameters.
printenv Used to list the NVRAM parameters, along with their
default values and current values.
setenv pn pv Used to set or modify a parameter. The pn represents
the parameter name, and pv represents the parameter
value.
set-default pn Used to set an individual parameter back to its
default value.
set-defaults Used to reset all parameters to their default values.
(Note that 'set-defaults' only affects parameters
that have assigned default values.)
Security Parameters
Newer OpenBoot monitors contain user interfaces that support the stor‐
age and listing of keys for later use by client programs.
list-security-keys
Lists the names of keys currently stored on a machine.
set-security-key keyname [ keydata ]
Stores key data keydata in a key named keyname. Actual key data can
be up to 32 bytes in length. The maximum length of keyname is 64
bytes, which allows for the hex-formatted ASCII used to present the
key data. If keydata is not present, keyname and its corresponding
data is deleted.
Hardware Checks and Diagnostics
The following commands are available for testing or checking the sys‐
tem's hardware. If the 'diag-switch?' NVRAM parameter is set to true
when the system is powered on, then a Power-On Self Test (POST) diag‐
nostic is run, if present, sending its results messages to the system's
serial port A. Not all of the commands shown are available on all
workstations.
test-all Run the diagnostic tests on each device which has pro‐
vided a self-test.
test floppy Run diagnostics on the system's floppy device.
test /memory Run the main memory tests. If the NVRAM parameter
'diag-switch?' is set to true, then all of main memory
is tested. If the parameter is false then only the
amount of memory specified in the 'selftest-#megs'
NVRAM parameter is tested.
test net Test the network connection for the on-board network
controller.
watch-net Monitor the network attached to the on-board net con‐
troller.
watch-net-all Monitor the network attached to the on-board net con‐
troller, as well as the network controllers installed
in SBus slots.
watch-clock Test the system's clock function.
System Information
The following commands are available for displaying information about
the system. Not all commands are available on all workstations.
banner Display the power-on banner.
.enet-addr Display the system's Ethernet address.
.idprom Display the formatted contents of the IDPROM.
module-info Display information about the system's processor(s).
probe-scsi Identify the devices attached to the on-board SCSI
controller.
probe-scsi-all Identify the devices attached to the on-board SCSI
controller as well as those devices which are
attached to SBus SCSI controllers.
show-disks Display a list of the device paths for installed SCSI
disk controllers.
show-displays Display a list of the device paths for installed dis‐
play devices.
show-nets Display a list of the device paths for installed Eth‐
ernet controllers.
show-sbus Display list of installed SBus devices.
show-tapes Display a list of the device paths for installed SCSI
tape controllers.
show-ttys Display a list of the device paths for tty devices.
.traps Display a list of the SPARC trap types.
.version Display the version and date of the OpenBoot PROM.
Emergency Commands
These commands must be typed from the keyboard, they do not work from a
console which is attached by way of the serial ports. With the excep‐
tion of the Stop-A command, these commands are issued by pressing and
holding down the indicated keys on the keyboard immediately after the
system has been powered on. The keys must be held down until the moni‐
tor has checked their status. The Stop-A command can be issued at any
time after the console display begins, and the keys do not need to be
held down once they've been pressed. The Stop-D, Stop-F and Stop-N com‐
mands are not allowed when one of the security modes has been set. Not
all commands are available on all workstations.
Stop (L1) Bypass the Power-On Self Test (POST). This is only
effective if the system has been placed into the diag‐
nostic mode.
Stop-A (L1-A) Abort the current operation and return to the moni‐
tor's default prompt.
Stop-D (L1-D) Set the system's 'diag-switch?' NVRAM parameter to
'true', which places the system in diagnostic mode.
POST diagnostics, if present, are run, and the mes‐
sages are displayed by way of the system's serial port
A.
Stop-F (L1-F) Enter the OpenBoot monitor before the monitor has
probed the system for devices. Issue the 'fexit' com‐
mand to continue with system initialization.
Stop-N (L1-N) Causes the NVRAM parameters to be reset to their
default values. Note that not all parameters have
default values.
Line Editor Commands
The following commands can be used while the monitor is displaying the
ok prompt. Not all of these editing commands are available on all
workstations.
CTRL-A Place the cursor at the start of line.
CTRL-B Move the cursor backward one character.
ESC-B Move the cursor backward one word.
CTRL-D Erase the character that the cursor is currently highlight‐
ing.
ESC-D Erase the portion of word from the cursor's present position
to the end of the word.
CTRL-E Place the cursor at the end of line.
CTRL-F Move the cursor forward one character.
ESC-F Move the cursor forward one word.
CTRL-H Erase the character preceding the cursor (also use Delete or
Back Space)
ESC-H Erase the portion of the word which precedes the cursor (use
also CTRL-W)
CTRL-K Erase from the cursor's present position to the end of the
line.
CTRL-L Show the command history list.
CTRL-N Recall the next command from the command history list
CTRL-P Recall a previous command from the command history list.
CTRL-Q Quote the next character (used to type a control character).
CTRL-R Retype the current line.
CTRL-U Erase from the cursor's present position to the beginning of
the line.
CTRL-Y Insert the contents of the memory buffer into the line, in
front (to the left) of the cursor.
nvramrc
The nvramrc is an area of the system's NVRAM where users may store
Forth programs. The programs which are stored in the nvramrc are exe‐
cuted each time the system is reset, provided that the 'use-nvramrc?'
NVRAM parameter has been set to 'true'. Refer to the book for informa‐
tion on how to edit and use the nvramrc.
Restricted Monitor
The command 'old-mode' is used to move OpenBoot into a restricted moni‐
tor mode, causing the > prompt to be displayed. Only three commands
are allowed while in the restricted monitor; the 'go' command (to
resume a program which was interrupted with the Stop-A command), the
'n' command (to return to the normal OpenBoot monitor), and boot com‐
mands. The restricted monitor's boot commands approximate the older
SunMON monitor's boot command syntax. If a 'security-mode' has been
turned on then the restricted monitor becomes the default monitor envi‐
ronment. The restricted monitor may also become the default environ‐
ment if the 'sunmon-compat?' NVRAM parameter is set to true. Not all
workstations have the 'sunmon-compat?' parameter.
SUNMON PROM USAGE
The following commands are available systems with older SunMON-based
PROM:
+|−
Increment or decrement the current address and display the contents
of the new location.
^C source destination n
(caret-C) Copy, byte-by-byte, a block of length n from the source
address to the destination address.
^I program
(caret-I) Display the compilation date and location of program.
^T virtual_address
(caret-T) Display the physical address to which virtual_address is
mapped.
b [ ! ] [ device [ (c,u,p) ] ] [ pathname ] [ arguments_list ]
b[?]
Reset appropriate parts of the system and bootstrap a program. A
`!' (preceding the device argument) prevents the system reset from
occurring. Programs can be loaded from various devices (such as a
disk, tape, or Ethernet). `b' with no arguments causes a default
boot, either from a disk, or from an Ethernet controller. `b?' dis‐
plays all boot devices and their devices.
device one of
le Lance Ethernet
ie Intel Ethernet
sd SCSI disk, CDROM
st SCSI 1/4" or 1/2" tape
fd Diskette
id IPI disk
mt Tape Master 9-track 1/2" tape
xd Xylogics 7053 disk
xt Xylogics 1/2" tape
xy Xylogics 440/450 disk
c A controller number (0 if only one controller),
u A unit number (0 if only one driver), and
p A partition.
pathname A pathname for a program such as /stand/diag.
arguments_list A list of up to seven arguments to pass to the
program being booted.
c [virtual_address]
Resume execution of a program. When given, virtual_address is the
address at which execution resumes. The default is the current PC.
Registers are restored to the values shown by the d, and r com‐
mands.
d [window_number]
Display (dump) the state of the processor. The processor state is
observable only after:
o An unexpected trap was encountered.
o A user program dropped into the monitor (by calling
abortent).
o The user manually entered the monitor by typing L1−A or
BREAK.
The display consists of the following:
o The special registers: PSR, PC, nPC, TBR, WIM, and Y
o Eight global registers
o 24 window registers (8 in, 8 local, and 8 out), corre‐
sponding to one of the 7 available windows. If a Float‐
ing-Point Unit is on board, its status register along
with 32 floating-point registers are also shown.
window_number Display the indicated window_number, which can be
any value between 0 and 6, inclusive. If no win‐
dow is specified and the PSR's current window
pointer contains a valid window number, registers
from the window that was active just prior to
entry into the monitor are displayed. Otherwise,
registers from window 0 are displayed.
e [virtual_address][action] ...
Open the 16-bit word at virtual_address (default zero). The
address is interpreted in the address space defined by the s com‐
mand. See the a command for a description of action.
f virtual_address1 virtual_address2 pattern [size]
Fill the bytes, words, or long words from virtual_address1 (lower)
to virtual_address2 (higher) with the constant, pattern. The size
argument can take one of the following values:
b byte format (the default)
w word format
l long word format
For example, the following command fills the address block from
0x1000 to 0x2000 with the word pattern, 0xABCD:
f 1000 2000 ABCD W
g [vector] [argument]
g [virtual_address] [argument]
Goto (jump to) a predetermined or default routine (first form), or
to a user-specified routine (second form). The value of argument
is passed to the routine. If the vector or virtual_address argu‐
ment is omitted, the value in the PC is used as the address to jump
to.
To set up a predetermined routine to jump to, a user program must,
prior to executing the monitor's g command, set the variable
*romp->v_vector_cmd to be equal to the virtual address of the
desired routine. Predetermined routines need not necessarily return
control to the monitor.
The default routine, defined by the monitor, prints the user-sup‐
plied vector according to the format supplied in argument. This
format can be one of:
%x hexadecimal
%d decimal
g0
Force a panic and produce a crash dump when the monitor is running
as a result of the system being interrupted,
g4
(Sun-4 systems only) Force a kernel stack trace when the monitor
is running as a result of the system being interrupted,
h
Display the help menu for monitor commands and their descriptions.
To return to the monitor's basic command level, press ESCAPE or q
before pressing RETURN.
i [cache_data_offset] [action]...
Modify cache data RAM command. Display and/or modify one or more
of the cache data addresses. See the a command for a description
of action.
j [cache_tag_offset] [action]...
Modify cache tag RAM command. Display and/or modify the contents
of one or more of the cache tag addresses. See the a command for a
description of action.
k [reset_level]
Reset the system, where reset_level is:
0 Reset VMEbus, interrupt registers, video monitor (Sun-4 sys‐
tems). This is the default.
1 Software reset.
2 Power-on reset. Resets and clears the memory. Runs the EPROM-
based diagnostic self test, which can take several minutes,
depending upon how much memory is being tested.
kb
Display the system banner.
l [virtual_address][action]...
Open the long word (32 bit) at memory address virtual_address
(default zero). The address is interpreted in the address space
defined by the s command (below). See the a command for a descrip‐
tion of action.
m [virtual_address][action]...
Open the segment map entry that maps virtual_address (default
zero). The address is interpreted in the address space defined by
the s command. See the a command for a description of action.
ne
ni
Disable, enable, or invalidate the cache, respectively.
o [virtual_address][action]...
Open the byte location specified by virtual_address (default
zero). The address is interpreted in the address space defined by
the s command. See the a command for a description of action.
p [virtual_address][action]...
Open the page map entry that maps virtual_address (default zero) in
the address space defined by the s command. See the a command for a
description of action.
q [eeprom_offset][action]...
Open the EEPROM eeprom_offset (default zero) in the EEPROM address
space. All addresses are referenced from the beginning or base of
the EEPROM in physical address space, and a limit check is per‐
formed to insure that no address beyond the EEPROM physical space
is accessed. This command is used to display or modify configura‐
tion parameters, such as: the amount of memory to test during self
test, whether to display a standard or custom banner, if a serial
port (A or B) is to be the system console, etc. See the a command
for a description of action.
r [register_number]
r [register_type]
r [w window_number]
Display and/or modify one or more of the IU or FPU registers. A
hexadecimal register_number can be one of:
0x00−0x0f window(0,i0)−window(0,i7), window(0,i0)—win‐
dow(0,i7)
0x16−0x1f window(1,i0)−window(1,i7), window(1,i0)—win‐
dow(1,i7)
0x20−0x2f window(2,i0)−window(2,i7), window(2,i0)—win‐
dow(2,i7)
0x30−0x3f window(3,i0)−window(3,i7), window(3,i0)—win‐
dow(3,i7)
0x40−0x4f window(4,i0)−window(4,i7), window(4,i0)—win‐
dow(4,i7)
0x50−0x5f window(5,i0)−window(5,i7), window(5,i0)—win‐
dow(5,i7)
0x60−0x6f window(6,i0)−window(6,i7), window(6,i0)—win‐
dow(6,i7)
0x70−0x77 g0, g1, g2, g3, g4, g5, g6, g7
0x78−0x7d PSR, PC, nPC, WIM, TBR, Y.
0x7e−0x9e FSR, f0−f31
Register numbers can only be displayed after an unexpected trap, a
user program has entered the monitor using the abortent function,
or the user has entered the monitor by manually typing L1−A or
BREAK.
If a register_type is given, the first register of the indicated
type is displayed. register_type can be one of:
f floating-point
g global
s special
If w and a window_number (0—6) are given, the first in-register
within the indicated window is displayed. If window_number is
omitted, the window that was active just prior to entering the mon‐
itor is used. If the PSR's current window pointer is invalid, win‐
dow 0 is used.
s [asi])
Set or display the Address Space Identifier. With no argument, s
displays the current Address Space Identifier. The asi value can
be one of:
0x2 control space
0x3 segment table
0x4 Page table
0x8 user instruction
0x9 supervisor instruction
0xa user data
0xb supervisor data
0xc flush segment
0xd flush page
0xe flush context
0xf cache data
u [ echo ]
u [ port ] [ options ] [ baud_rate ]
u [ u ] [ virtual_address ]
With no arguments, display the current I/O device characteristics
including: current input device, current output device, baud rates
for serial ports A and B, an input-to-output echo indicator, and
virtual addresses of mapped UART devices. With arguments, set or
configure the current I/O device. With the u argument (uu...), set
the I/O device to be the virtual_address of a UART device currently
mapped.
echo Can be either e to enable input to be echoed to the
output device, or ne, to indicate that input is not
echoed.
port Assign the indicated port to be the current I/O
device. port can be one of:
a serial port A
b serial port B
k the workstation keyboard
s the workstation screen
baud_rate Any legal baud rate.
options can be any combination of:
i input
o output
u UART
e echo input to output
ne do not echo input
r reset indicated serial port (a and b ports only)
If either a or b is supplied, and no options are given,
the serial port is assigned for both input and output.
If k is supplied with no options, it is assigned for
input only. If s is supplied with no options, it is
assigned for output only.
v virtual_address1 virtual_address2 [size]
Display the contents of virtual_address1 (lower) virtual_address2
(higher) in the format specified by size:
b byte format (the default)
w word format
l long word format
Enter return to pause for viewing; enter another return character
to resume the display. To terminate the display at any time, press
the space bar.
For example, the following command displays the contents of virtual
address space from address 0x1000 to 0x2000 in word format:
v 1000 2000 W
w [virtual_address][argument]
Set the execution vector to a predetermined or default routine.
Pass virtual_address and argument to that routine.
To set up a predetermined routine to jump to, a user program must,
prior to executing the monitor's w command, set the variable
*romp->v_vector_cmd to be equal to the virtual address of the
desired routine. Predetermined routines need not necessarily return
control to the monitor.
The default routine, defined by the monitor, prints the user-sup‐
plied vector according to the format supplied in argument. This
format can be one of:
%x hexadecimal
%d decimal
x
Display a menu of extended tests. These diagnostics permit addi‐
tional testing of such things as the I/O port connectors, video
memory, workstation memory and keyboard, and boot device paths.
yc context_number
yp|s context_number virtual_address
Flush the indicated context, context page, or context segment.
c flush context context_number
p flush the page beginning at virtual_address within context
context_number
s flush the segment beginning at virtual_address within context
context_number
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
│ ATTRIBUTE TYPE │ ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
│Architecture │SPARC │
└─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘
SEE ALSOtip(1), boot(1M), eeprom(1M), attributes(5)SunOS 5.11 24 Jul 2003 monitor(1M)
